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In India, Corporate Governance strategies are based upon two modalities, “The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)” and the “Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).” By virtue of Clause 49, SEBI can authorize its power over the Corporate Governance of several Indian companies. All the companies must conform to the requirements listed by SEBI otherwise there will be repercussions of the same. The function of MCA is to make the companies feel at ease so that they can discuss beliefs and notions among each other for an overall holistic growth.
Get original essayIn the words of “Cadbury Committee”, corporate governance refers to that system which governs the functioning of the company. “Tricker” on the other hand believes that corporate governance is a set of rules laying down the manner in which the top management and the employees communicate and interact.
The urgency for a proper corporate governance evolved after several incidents of corporate scams. In the case of B. Ramalinga Raju v. The State, represented by CBI, huge amount of money was disposed of by the company’s managerial personnel. The case was given to CBI for investigation and 11 members including the present appellant was convicted under several charges. In another case of Ketan Parekh v. SEBI, a person was charged with the offense of controlling the security prices arbitrarily. The court stipulated a time period up to which the person shall not be allowed to engage in any stock markets. All these scams were highly condemned by the shareholders and people across the nation called for better corporate governance structure.
A company with a well-defined corporate governance strategy always gets an upper hand over the others. The directors and shareholders always favour those companies which has better market standing and reputation. Further, before investing in a particular company, the foreign investors always look for the company’s corporate governance strategies.
There are no boundaries as to the operation of corporate governance. It has a variety of functions linked to different sectors. It allows the company to go out of its comfort zone and adapt itself to other roles. For example, it enables the Board of Directors handle the managerial works apart from restricting itself to regulatory functions. Further, it allows the employees to participate in the company’s dealings other than the normal daily work. The decision rests upon the corporation to choose the best suited governance strategy to meet its goals. The governance must be such that it will make the organization’s activities flexible and will inculcate a sense of togetherness among the individuals.
Transparency and answerability are two important checklist of corporate governance. Transparency allows the shareholders to carefully analyse the company’s annual statements and decide whether or not to engage in any dealings with it. Answerability helps in resolving internal disputes faster. However, in India, there is a missing of both these aspects. Indian companies give more importance to short term interests than prioritising the ones in long run.
Considering the above mentioned points, it appears that there already existed a number of irregularities and corporate governance was introduced with the aim of ending the inconsistencies. The next chapters will give a detailed overview of how social media has impacted the corporate governance strategies in India.
Social media can act as one of the most important instrument in business growth and modernization since, out of 80% of the world’s population, 40 billion people are socially active on the internet. If the company resort to proper mechanism of social networking, then it can easily flourish and survive in the long run. The importance of social networking is not just limited to a particular sector of business organization; it is pervading in all the departments and among all members in the hierarchy.
In the present time, companies are always looking for new techniques and methods to grow and diversify itself. Such techniques enable the company to think out of the box and reframe its plans and strategies.
Within a company, different departments have different modes of utilizing social media. Board of Directors being one of the essential part of a company has the duty of facilitating the company’s business operation. In the case of Bates v. Standard Land Co., the court observed that most of the important decisions of the company are taken by the BOD.
By closely monitoring the social activities of the company, the Board can determine the nature and kind of data extracted by the company from social media and the manner in which it is used. This will not only help in proper use of social media but will also reveal the social strategies adapted by the company’s stakeholders. Directors can also use social media as a ground for communicating with its internal and external members.
The basic responsibility given to the auditing committees is to maintain the accounting statements of the company to the best of its accuracy. However, the job of the auditing department is not just limited to this particular function. With increasing number of “likes” and “comments” on various social media posts, the auditing committee can also do a screening of these posts so as to ensure its genuineness.
If at any time, there arises a short of manpower in the role of auditors then the same can be filled by recruiting more members in the committee. Social media allows the team to constantly stay in touch with the potential employees by advertising and networking.
Company’s growth depends largely upon the well-being of its employees. If the employees co-operate with the business initiatives, then only it can succeed and survive in the long run. However, misuse of the social platforms by the employees can lead to an adverse effect in the prestige and position of the company. Constant governance must be done in checking the social media activities of the employees and to take actions against those who hamper the status of the company.
Both Central and State legislature have enacted various statutes and legislations to govern the activities of the companies. However, matters relating to corporate governance are hardly discussed in the existing laws. If the activities of the company are monitored on social media, then the government can ascertain their negative approach and thereby amend the existing laws in it. The government can also take timely action to reduce the malpractices or bring stricter laws to prevent its occurring.
Social media provides a variety of opportunities to reach and contact the company’s stakeholders. Previously, after advertising a certain item on the company’s website, it had to wait for months to analyse the response. Social networking allows the company to assess the regular visits and number of views on its post without any extra effort. Features like “news subscriptions” and “query handling” helps in keeping a check upon the interested stakeholders.
Apart from the above-mentioned strategies, social media also helps in channelizing messages as per the necessity of the community and thereby build a strong relationship. The costs involved in adapting to social media is much lesser than the actual gain. Further, if the social networking policies are properly implemented then the risks can also be controlled.
Although there are many positive impacts of social media on corporate governance, improper implementation of the same might lead to harmful damages in business affairs. It is not necessary for the members to study each and every details of social networking. All they need is to understand its effect in the business operations. Negligence on the part of company might reveal several confidential information to the competitors. The employees must be cautious before posting or commenting something on the company’s website. The comments published by an employee on leave or an intern must also be reviewed and scrutinized from time to time.
The following points will further elaborate the barriers caused by social media in corporate governance strategies:
There may arise situations when the customers, employees or stakeholders take up the social platform to express their thoughts and opinion about the company. The aggrieved party may also file a suit against the company. This increases the liability of the Board of Directors. In the case of Sunil Bharti Mittal v. CBI, it was observed that directors can be made liable if their intention in committing the crime can be proved in the court of law. Thus, the Board must frame proper strategies to make the most of social networking without being subject to any wrongful accusations.
Another challenge that social media can bring into corporate governance is the formation of informal groups or internal unions. These unions are basically a cluster of people having similar thoughts and understanding. The company must tackle these people with diligence as any matter posted by the company on social media is visible to people across the globe.
Whistle blower refers to that person who has knowledge about the internal affairs of the company. These people generally inform the public or the Government about the unlawful activities of the company. In the case of Manoj H. Mishra v. Union of India, the court observed that a whistle blower must have the motive of exposing the company’s bad image in the eyes of the public.
With the rapid growth of social media, whistle blowers now have the option of releasing vital information about the company in its websites or facebook pages. Such revelations not only cause reputational damage but also brings a number of lawsuit against the company. In the case of Michael DeKort v. Integrated Coast Guard Systems, an American engineer named Michael DeKort shared a video on YouTube regarding the affairs of his company. The act disclosed the malpractices adopted by his company. The video soon got viral and reached the higher officials as a result of which, the company suffered serious damages.
Delloitte and Touche LLP has interviewed a group of people regarding the impact of social media on corporate governance. The finding states that “social media” is one of the biggest risk in business strategies since it can either make or break the company’s goodwill in minutes. Apart from the mentioned challenges, the competitors or other persons having an enmity with the company may disclose evidence against the goodwill of the company. This can cause a downfall in the company’s revenues and earnings.
In order to combat the challenges of social media, it is ideal for the company to come with a well-defined social media policy. The policy usually lays down the manner in which the online medias are to be used and the limitations to its usage. It also consists provisions setting out the penalties that the employees or stakeholders will face if they act in contrary to the mentioned guidelines. The guidelines must not be in conflict with any legal statute or human rights convention. The policy can work only inside the company and must be prepared keeping in mind the needs and requirement of the company. If at any point of time, the supervisor exercises his power of tracking the employee beyond the provided policies then it might infringe the Right to Privacy of the employee.
The company has the right to protect its data from getting stolen or misused. Although there are no direct legislation providing for data protection, the same is governed under the Information Technology Act, 2000. As per the provisions of the Act, if any person infringes the privacy rights of the company by disclosing material facts on the internet then he can be charged under the statute. Similarly, if the company reveals any personal data related to the stakeholders and employees or is unsuccessful in maintaining proper security then it can be charged under Section 43A of the IT Act, 2000.
The social media strategy must be framed in such a manner that it best suits the corporate governance of all business spheres. The following points highlight the sectors that has been governed by proper implementation of social media policies:
Several financial bodies like the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) use social media extensively for communicating and disseminating information to its members. They improvise their social media policy again and again as per the needs and requirement of the organization.
The companies dealing with electronic products or home based appliances often face derogatory remarks and viral videos regarding their products. However, they haven’t stopped advertising their products via social media rather they chose to improve their advertising-line and product quality along with having a social media policy to guide the corporate structure.
This chapter would highlight cases of several business houses on how they used social media as a tool for corporate governance.
IBM has a number of online software created for the exclusive purpose of encouraging communication and discussion among the members. Further, it has recently developed and launched applications like Tivoli, Citizen IBM and WebSphere to build a community with consumers and listen to their needs and grievances. These initiatives were well-received by the public and were very much trending on the social media with mass attention. Further, these steps enabled IBM to formulate strategies and build an online reputation in the market.
Lenskart and Nestle has received several backlash due to inappropriate comments posted by the company. Both the companies are well-reputed in their respective categories, but due to insufficient guidelines and social media policy, the company suffered serious hamper in their financial statements and market reputation.
Companies are always competing with each other to grasp as much attention as possible. P & G has similarly come with a concept of “dashboard” through which, the company analyses and stores the consumer response on their tweets, posts and advertisements. After a certain period of time, the company studies the responses to infer what areas are to be improvised and how to strengthen the governance practices.
Companies across the world are now relying on social media for communicating and building network. Although there are numerous challenges, but after drawing a comparison between both, it can be concluded that the advantages are more in number. For decades, the communication in business has limited towards one end. It was either the company notifying its activities or the stakeholders asking for information. There were limited or no scope for asking questions or exploring more about a particular data. Internet in its true sense has given a medium for resolving these incomplete communication systems. Tesla Reg. has a well-drafted social media policy regarding matters to be communicated to the public and the business ethics. The policy also provides the limitations up to which a person is allowed to represent the company on social medias.
Now, it is not just the Board of Directors but also the employees and stakeholders who can bring new dimensions to the existing working scenario. The posts and reviews given by these related people on social media can act as an effective means for showcasing what the company actually stands for and what are its real values. However, a duty lies upon the company to assist the employees, consumers and other members regarding the utilities and problems of social media. Proper training must be given regarding the Do’s and Don’ts of a particular feature. Further, the matters posted on social media must be from appropriate source and must be posted after due permission of the concerned people.
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Get custom essayAt the completion of the study, the researcher believes that social media can positively affect the company’s corporate governance if the same is implemented in a proper manner with a proper policy. The researcher has drawn few suggestions to meet the shortcomings in social media governance.
Strategic Planning is a management implement that help a company spotlight its power, make sure that employees of the company are working towards the same goal, and assess and remedy the organization’s directions in response to changing environment. In other hand strategic planning is a disciplined effort to produced fundamental decisions and action hat shape and guide what an organization is, what it does and why it does it, with focus on the future.
Get original essayThe corporate strategy level of the Raigam which deal with Business growth, Organization Stability with changing environment and retrenchment to gain more financial benefit.
Foremost 7 places of interest of Raigam corporate level Strategic Visions
In niteen decade Raigam obviously popular for Soya meat product , End of the decade they understand the market saturation by existing product and to long term survive the company that they change them strategic position to Multiple product strategy. As a results Raigam Diversify its business to produce related variety of food product and expanding its market share.Busicuit manufacturing and Wheat floor noodles manufacturing most successful examples could be hilted. Vast manufacturing , Research & developments and engineering capabilities were key successful factors were influenced to produced customer convenience high quality food products.
Raigam had being broader expansion visionary way , they growing window turn to Non related diversification as well. Dr Ravi Liyanage (Chairman /CEO ) the person who started the business , believe that getting high risk can Return higher the benefit. In the year 2013 they started Raigam Subsidiary company “Dream Life Science (Pvt) Ltd’’ to manufacturing cosmetics items. Arya Sanitary napkin one of the most famous product. Raigam Herbal Remedies (Pvt) Ltd another subsidiary of Raigam group which is manufacturing Herbal product. They come into to furniture business as well very recently but they acquiring expected level revenue in the initial stage of product introducing.
In 2007 Raigam having 25 % market share for Cristal salts and iodize table Solts. To captured the further market share that main barrier was row salts supply chain .Even main Supplier Puttlam Salt Pvt Ltd thus not sufficient to cater the Raigam Row salts demand. Raigam cooperate management evidently understand what is the key success factor of salt industry, as a results 2008 they started construction works for their own Salt terns base on Puttalam, Hambanthota and Trincomale. In present they used own Raw Salts for packaging and Refineries Operations without any threat for Raw materials . High quality, iodated Crystal Salt, in consumer packs as well in bulk form is offered to the consumers at very reasonable price. At the moment they completed 65 % of part salterns construction works balance to take Completed in 2020.This most delightful Example for Back ward Vertical integrations in Raigam growth History .N ext Hihghlit is starting PVD (Pure Vacume Dried) Salt manufacturing behalf of Importing in India. This two intergartion raigam salt bisiness drive to very enrich position with Market stabilizations.
Raigam Forward Vertical intergartion can be highlited by Subsidary of Venus Consoliidated (Pvt) Ltd which it facilate all whole sale business of raigam product behalf of full engage with third parties to sell theire product.
Raigam acknowledge synergy. One activity benefits another and the chain goes on . This saves time, human resources and other property, they all team driven by one vision ,Raigam Corperate Vision .
To achieve better value e that is familiar by the customer, Raigam desires to provide unique and superior value to the customer in terms of its products quality and value added up service .All around Business level strategies focused on both producing closely related product and diversified product.
It is appropriate to relate differentiation starteghy to the Raigam FMG company as the organization goals is very straight forward, Which is ‘To create a seamless Kingdom with the citizens delighted with their nutrition and health’.Raigam has always forcussed on providing suprrior, healthy and nutrition food by expanding there icon brands in simple meals. Raigam Business level stratgical view forcussed to continouse product quality improvent with balancing the cost of operations. Nowadays there are increasing numbers of consumers who are very concerned with nutrition values of food they eat. Raigam superior research abilities has been taking advantage of avenue and further develops the product categories.
100 % Rice base product are pivotal to Raigam long term success because Srilanka Having Rice Base food Culture. Majority of Srilankans diets are comprised rice , rice floured or rice by products. Therefore raigam Rice base products have differentiated themselves with many Rivals in the Market.
Beside, Raigam well perceive that creating quality product begins with quality ingredients.When purchasing all ingredient they strictly followed transparent quality assurance procedures both Suplier and themselves side. When selecting new supplier implemented to depth assessment up to the chairman level.
Raigam Product conglomerate they have kept sign different product features in product vise each and every product category to gain completive advantage with rival substitute product in the market. As well they have well concern of customer feedback to rectify the organization miss align with correct path.
Raigam PVD salt plant and Purify plant located at putalam as well packaing factory base on Colombo. Almost distance over 200 km each other, to cut down the transport cost they already have plan to fixed further PVD salt and Purifying manufacturing plants in Hambanthota and Trincomalee in the year 2021.It will help to reduced the operational cost and price come up with low to enhance company Market share with competing Rivals firms.
Srilankan culture more concern to used herbal product since ancient time like Aryurweedhic product .Raigam take this opportunity to captured herbal medicine market segment to enhance there revenue growth. Furniture manufacturing and cosmetic product launchers which was gain to more contribution to company revenue as a part of Diversified product.
An operational strategy is a necessary element for a business and supports the firm’s corporate strategy, in other hand methods companies reach theire objective.
This intention in this strategic decision area is to widen product that suit the company. Raigam process management attends to product improvement issues and challengers. Success is achieved through unremitting innovations to address consumer’s expectations. Raigam marketing mix the higher varity of consumer goods creates a complex set of need for this decision area. Example, the company must maintain high productivity in developing new variant soya meat products.
In this strategies decision area , quality team deal with pleasing consumers exceptions on product excellence. Raigam approach involves implementing quality standards in operation process to satisfy goods quality necessities. These operation management standard are based from Raigam Market research information’s, and conventions in the food industry
In this strategic choice area is to guarantee adequate recourses and expand processes to sustain production. Raigam applies Automations in most of the production processes. Approach is to maximizes operational efficiency and productivity. They regulate production capacity to address fluctuation in demand based on seasons .furthermore, Raigam conducts usual evaluations of process and capacity requirements to maintain business productive manner to minimizing operational threats.
Raigam aims to diminish production costs and transport cost of its consumers goods to reach target marketplace. The company maintain facility locations that optimize proximity to labor markets, target customers as well as suppliers.
All the way through this strategic area, must ensure that supply chain support company strategic view. Operational efficiency of Raigam’s supply chain is maintained through continuous monitoring and proactive problem solving. Company supply chain supported to business performance and adds to the organizations strength.
This strategic decision area of operations think about the enough of human possessions to support business operations, In this company characteristic, Raigam operation management directly influences human resources capability and financial performance of the food manufacturing and diversified business.
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Get custom essayCompany’s operational necessities are directly basis for layout design. Raigam presently maintain creative inventory operations through aisle layout that decrease the travel distance of customer goods across delivery facilities.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined as the voluntary activities undertaken by a company to operate in an economic, social and environmentally sustainable manner. The Government of Canada understands that responsible corporate behavior by Canadian companies operating internationally not only enhances their chances for business success but can also contribute to broad-based economic benefits for the countries in which they are active and for Canada.
Get original essayInvesting and operating responsibly also plays an important role in promoting Canadian values internationally and contributes to the sustainable development of communities. The Government of Canada is therefore committed to promoting responsible business practices; and expects and encourages Canadian companies working internationally to respect all applicable laws and international standards, to operate transparently and in consultation with host governments and local communities, and to conduct their activities in a socially and environmentally responsible manner. (Corporate Social Responsibility, 2018)
There are four types of CSR according to its beneficiaries:
The benefits and advantages that corporations adopting Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives may obtain the following (Campbell, 2007)
TO BUSINESS
TO SOCIETY
ENVIRONMENT
The Government of Canada has in place a variety of initiatives which demonstrate Canada’s longstanding commitment to promoting responsible business practice. Through its actions, the Government facilitates the commercial success of Canadian companies active abroad while enhancing the contribution of their activities to the broad economic growth of Canada and its trading partners, including those with developing and emergent economies. We work with the Canadian business community, civil society organizations, foreign governments and communities, as well as other stakeholders to foster and promote responsible business practices, and thus support sustainable economic growth and shared value. (Corporate Social Responsibility, 2018)
A Corporate Voluntary Management (CVA) moratorium generally provides the company additional time to defer repayment and to carry on its business to facilitate the recovery from the debts owned, rather than to resort to liquidation immediately. CVA is useful to companies where time is needed to negotiate with its creditors or to find a reliable and dependable solution to save the company from being wound up.
Get original essayWith the introduction of CVA under the Companies Act 2016, the company now may enter into a binding compromise or arrangement with its creditors without the need for the compromise or arrangement to be approved by the court. The fundamental difference is that the implementation of the debt restructuring proposal will be assessed and monitored by an insolvency practitioner with minimal intervention from the courts. A moratorium on the action by the creditors will automatically commence from the time of filing of the proposal to the court by the applicant, who can either be directors of the company, the liquidator or a judicial manager. A meeting of the company and its creditors must be convened by the insolvency practitioner, who has agreed to act as the nominee.
This voluntary arrangement proposal requires the approval of 75% in value of the company’s creditors present and the voting at such meeting may be either in person or by an appointed representative which is the proxy, and a simple majority of the members of the company. Once the proposal is approved, the proposed voluntary arrangement will take effect and bind all the creditors of the company. Unlike in the present Scheme of Arrangement procedure, the Act requires a qualified insolvency practitioner which is known as the nominee, to conduct an initial assessment of the viability of the proposed CVA. Once the nominee has considered the proposed CVA, he will then submit to the directors a statement indicating whether or not in his opinion: a) The proposed CVA has reasonable prospect of being approved and implemented; b) The company has the probability to have enough funds available for it during the proposed moratorium to allow the company the company to proceed with its business; and) The meetings of the company and creditors should be summoned to take consider the proposed CVA. When the nominee provides a positive statement regarding the proposed CVA, the directory file to the court a document stating out the terms of the proposed CVA and other required documents. In contrast to the Judicial Management, the Act sets out the eligibility of the CVA moratorium which shall remain in force for a period of 28 days to 60 days from the time of filing of the required documents namely (the proposed voluntary arrangement, statement of company’s affairs, statement from the nominee) during which the company cannot wound up, a judicial manager cannot be assigned, no shares can be transferred etc.
In comparison with the Judicial Management, in CVA, the secured creditor may appoint a receiver to deal with its secured property during the moratorium. During the moratorium is in force, the nominee shall convene a meeting of the company and meeting of its creditors as he thinks fit. Thus, the implementation of the new corporate rescue mechanism provides more flexibility in dealing with debts while avoiding the probability of winding up. Similarly to the scheme of arrangement, CVA allows the director to propose such to its company and creditors. However, the implementation of the arrangement will be the responsibility of the nominee, who will either act as a trustee or otherwise for the purpose of supervising its application. In conclusion, the CVA is seemingly to be the best option for a company to opt for in the case of avoidance the inevitability of being wound up. The aforementioned are the ongoing efforts undertaken to recalibrate the insolvency law in Malaysia to be in line with the international standards.
Most importantly, the current reform has introduced new corporate rescue mechanism into the insolvency law in granting the directors more flexibility to deal with the company facing distress so that the company may still remain in business and to avoid being trapped in a winding-up scenario. In doing so, Malaysia’s new insolvency laws continue the international trend towards focusing on the preservation of value for the benefit of all stakeholders.
I’d like to talk about coping with stress in this essay of 150 words. Stress is a natural response of the body to changes that occur, and it can be positive or negative. When stress builds up without relief, it can lead to distress, which can cause physical and emotional problems. Students often face stress due to overworking themselves with homework, staying up late, and overstudying. However, there are ways to cope with stress positively and negatively. Negative coping mechanisms include over-consumption of caffeine, overspending, overeating, oversleeping, being alone, and procrastinating. Positive coping mechanisms include taking care of oneself, talking to others, relaxing, engaging in hobbies, practicing meditation or yoga, bonding with pets, and taking a vacation. Coping with stress is easy with the correct mindset, and people should make the right decisions in their lives and do what’s best for them. Eating a well-balanced diet and taking breaks when necessary are also essential in coping with stress.
Get original essayGun violence is the brutality that arises when an individual uses a gun to carry out an attack on somebody or even himself/ herself. Gun violence is not considered a criminal offense at all times. Criminal gun violence may include homicide, suicide, and assault. Gun violence may not be considered a criminal offense when it is unintentional and accidental. It may also be used lawfully for self-defense for those who are licensed to carry and use the weapon for self-protection. Many questions arise as to whether the primary cause of gun violence is mental illness or not. The society also has a different perception of people who have been engaged in the extreme cases of gun violence. These opinions about gun violence vary from one society to the other. This research paper seeks to inform readers on the issue of mental illness and the knowledge of the people on those who engage in extreme gun violence.
Get original essayMany people with mental illness do not commit violent crimes such as gun violence. Besides, the majority of those with mental illness do not engage in violent acts. More evidence- based policies are needed to help prevent the menace of gun violence in the society. Expansion of mental health services and improving access to treatment is a way forward to reducing the incidences of gun violence though mental illness is the major cause of gun violence. Policies should focus more on limiting access to firearms for the people who evidently have behavioral risk factors for violence during specific moments. In most states, ineffective functioning of the public health system has been confused with mental illness. It is the policies that regulate access to firearms poor access to mental treatment that increases the incidences of gun violence (Dodds, Anderson and Dodds, 2014).
Researchers and psychologists say that those with mental illness are more likely to kill themselves than kill other people. Mental illness disorders are more strongly linked to self-harm than to violence on other people. It is, therefore important that those with mental illness undergo treatment every year so as to prevent the incidence of gun violence on them. It is critical to note that a person with the severe mental illness is more likely to be of violent crime than a perpetrator. A very minimal proportion of people with mental illness pose a threat to others. Researchers have proved that incidences of stress, gun violence, and mental illness only intersect at their margins. Research also has it that approximately six out of gun violence incidences are those resulting from suicide; an indication that there exists a failure in the health care system and firearms regulations.
Domestic violence is the primary cause of gun violence in most states. Wrangles at home are the major causes of stress which subjects those involved in holding guns and committing suicide as the only left option. This has attributed to an increase in gun incidences because the health care system on issues of stress is also insufficient. It is crucial that the dialogue be given the first priority in case of a situation that could lead to gun violence at home. Taking control of the guns as well as being neutral when solving domestic violence can be very helpful in reducing the number of gun violence incidences (Keidan, 2014).
In the contemporary society, many people have owned guns as a radioactive political symbol. Limiting access to firearms may not be the way forward to reducing the number of gun violence in the states. The right to own guns should therefore be balanced with public safety concerns. It is upon the public health officials to be committed to their jobs and offer effective and efficient public health services. Incidences of gun violence could rise due to the number of people authorized to own firearms. This is a significant challenge to the public health care sector that has to be aggressive in balancing the situation of increased arms and their duty (Laine, et al. 2013).
In the United States, people with the serious mental illness have received negative public attitudes even if they have never been engaged in gun violence. People tend to make an assumption that the individuals suffering from the mental disorder are a dangerous lot that should not be around other people. The negative stereotype is common in America where the people suffering from the disorder are regarded more harmful to others than the general population. The society should not try to influence the laws of the state based on their perception on the issue of gun violence. The society might try to act in a manner that is not according to the law while dealing with such situations. Even as people have different notions about people involved in gun violence, it is important that the law is observed (Martinelli, Binney and Kaye, 2014).
This is the general perception that people have towards those who have engaged in gun violence, whether mentally ill or normal. The society views the individuals as criminals who do not deserve to be given any chance in the society to interact with other people. In order to reduce the negative stereotype among people, it is critical that policies are implemented in order to control the threat. It is a difficult task to employ various approaches and programs in reducing gun violence but very helpful in removing the negative perception that people have on those suffering from mental disorders as they are linked to gun violence (Makarios and Pratt, 2012).
There is a perception that children who engage in gun violence are users and addicts of alcohol and other drugs. The knowledge is based on the United States federal law that prohibits the issuance of firearms to those who are persistently under the influence of controlled substances. The law prohibits alcohol abusers from owning firearms so as to reduce to zero incidences of gun violence that are as a result of accidents. People frequently believe that the owners of guns are not abusers of controlled substances but instead, it is their children who are addicted to the drugs. Incidences, where children are engaged in gun violence are perceived by the people that the children who carried out the extreme gun violence were under the influence of drugs. The notion has been applied in any situation that a child is involved in gun violence. Studies show that substance abuse significantly contributes to gun violence in early childhood stages. The perception therefore holds on evidence- based research. It is thus significant that the issue of drug abuse is managed in dealing with the menace of gun violence in the society (Marcus and Jamison, 2013).
Organizations and individuals differ in their perception of the causes of gun violence. Organizations have the notion that the causes are preventable while individuals have the perception that somebody has to be held responsible for the gun violence. Organizations believe that gun violence can be prevented and drastically reduced to nil. Organizations argue on the basis that the causes of gun violence are simple issues such as domestic violence, substance abuse and minimal influence of mental illness. Practically, such causes are preventable and controlled by the public health care (Webster, 2015).
Individuals view the causes of gun violence as an act of negligence by the public health officials and the people surrounding the people involved. Individuals believe that the public health system has to be changed to a reduction in incidences of gun violence
In conclusion, mental illness contributes very little in the incidences of gun violence in the society. Mental disorders are just but a challenge to the public health system to find a solution to the effective ways of treating the illness. It also helps in improving access to treatment for the people suffering the disorder. The perception that people hold for people who carry out gun violence ought to be altered by creating awareness on the causes and effects of gun violence.
Recently, the World Bank and the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) spotlighted on corruption by declaring it as the number one enemy in public. It was a threat at the global level and also in Malaysia. According to the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (2016), corruption may be described as an act of awarding or accepting payment or reward in the form of high-value or in-kind money to perform a task in relation to its job description.
Get original essayMany causes lead to corruption. According to Sumah (2018), corruption trends are heavily influenced by the political and economic environment. Individuals are willing to pay or give compensation to escape restrictions where officials are allowed to decide based on discretion under the regulation. Besides, the lack of professional ethics and deficient laws can regulate corruption. It also leads to a lack of accountability and supervisory institutions. Other than that, habits, customs, traditions and demography can cause corruption. Sumah (2018) states that various countries have different attitudes toward corruption. Then, there are different customs as well; in some cases, a ‘thank you’ in the form of a service gift is an expression of courtesy, and elsewhere it is considered corruption.
Rasuah (2013) also maintains that personal weaknesses are the causes of the person himself to do corruption. Their attitudes toward living in a luxurious lifestyle make them wanted to do corruption due to a lack of morals and ethics. Leadership weaknesses are also the major cause of corruption. Leadership that is inefficient and weak leads to less supervision and monitoring towards the employees. Furthermore, modern developmental factors can increase the rate of corruption. Developers wanted to get a good deal and place for their projects and construction. To get the deal, they willing to pay it at higher costs. Last but not least, corruption happens due to social and cultural factors. As we can observe in today’s life, money or gifts are given to a certain person that achieves good results or performance. In our eyes, we do not consider it as an act of corruption. But when the person that gives the money or gift has a different intention, somehow it will be considered as corruption.
Corruption can affect people, society and the economy. “15 effects of corruption” (2019) states that corruption causes a great impact on people. There will be a lack of quality in services. People might need to pay for it to demand quality. This can be seen in many areas, such as electricity, distribution of aid funds and so on. Other than that, we as the people will experience a lack of proper justice. People will suffer due to inadequate justice where there is a lack of evidence or even the facts are being removed. It helps the criminals to roam freely to carry out even more crimes. According to “15 effects of corruption” (2019), corruption can cause chances of unemployment. Even if there are well-qualified people want a position in a company or workplace, they are not going to be offered. If the employers did not corrupt, there would be a chance for more jobs. Apart from that, there will be a failure of genuine research. Specific research needs funding from the government. So, some of the agencies in procurement have corrupt officers. Such people approve research funds for those researchers who can bribe them.
Similarly, society will also be affected by corruption. Disregards for officials will occur. People started to disregard the corrupted official by talking about him or her negatively. Often, disrespect for officials may generate mistrust. Even the lower-ranking officers would ignore the higher-ranking officers. Moreover, the corruption phenomenon can cause a lack of respects for rulers. If politicians engage in corruption, people who know that will lose respect for them and will not like to vote for such politicians. The public will lose respect towards the rulers of the nation such as the prime minister or presidents. “15 effects of corruption” (2019) also mentioned that corruption could cause a lack of faith and trust in the government. Citizens vote based on their confidence towards him or her to become a leader. Yet people lose faith in them if they find themselves involved in corruption and may not vote for the next time. Not only that, aversion for joining the posts linked to corruption could also happen. Sincere, honest and hard-working people develop an aversion to the post though they like it because they believe that if they get into the post they also need to be involved in corruption.
Then, the country’s economy would also be affected by corruption. According to “15 effects of corruption” (2019), a decrease in foreign investment could occur due to corruption. There are many cases in which foreign investment in developing countries has gone back due to heavy bribery in government bodies. Delay in economic growth and lack of development also cause corruption. If the area is unsuitable, most new industries willing to start in a particular region will change their plans. The businesses don’t want to start up there if there are no good highways, water, and electricity. This hinders the region’s economic progress. Corruption can cause differences in trades ratios. Some countries have inefficient institutes of standard control. In other words, these standard institutes of control are corrupt in being able to approve products of low quality for sale in their country.
The activity of corruption can happen everywhere. But there are a few places that corruption is most likely to occur or known as “hot-spot”. According to “5 ways to reduce corruption and places where it exists” (2016), corruption can occur at a government official, whose job is to examine, report and keep all records of lands. Recently, there have been many court cases that are rooted in a land dispute. About this agency, if people pay attention to professional responsibility, land disputes can be reduced significantly or resolved more quickly. This would account for a fairly large bribery regulation. The medical sector is another form of career in which corruption is rampant. Across villages and cities, there are many state hospitals and public health centers. But the common people are hardly ever treated properly in government hospitals. There are inadequate medications and other services required for public hospitals. The poor, who rely only on government hospitals, suffer because they are unable to afford treatment. “5 ways to reduce corruption and places where it exists” (2016) states that the revenue department can be a place where corruption happens. A fairly large number of workers are unethical. They take bribes and leave the person who did not pay the tax off the hook. For example, the payment on the income tax. Not only that, the police and officers department is one of the places that leads to corruption. We are surrounded by a lot of violence and criminals are doing their job without fear. It is due to some of the officers that did not serious towards their profession. Last but not least, is the department of the judiciary (“5 ways to reduce corruption and places where it exists”, 2016). In our country, the justice system is very delayed. As a result, the number of cases increases every day. If the trials are quick, people may see that they will have to face punishment if they do wrong or commit any crimes. People will, therefore, attempt to bribe.
Corruption can occur in any situation and place. Firstly, it occurs when the policies and procedures are absent, unclear or not adequately enforced. Due to that situation, people will not take it for granted and ignoring all the policies stated. Secondly, it is when the employee’s training is inadequate. The training is designed to increase the technical skills, knowledge, efficiency, and ethics to do any specific job in a much better way. But nowadays, this kind of training is not being practiced and this situation causes employees loyalty towards that one company decreased. Besides, it happens when checks such as audits are lacking. Audit techniques are used by auditors to determine the quality of their client’s financial information. When the auditors did not regularly check the financial information, the clients can easily cheat with the other third party. “Conditions that may allow corruption to occur” mentioned that corruption arises when communication and reporting lines are unclear. Communication lines may include a chain of command requiring workers to interact only with their immediate supervisor rather than taking feedback or complaints directly to higher-level members on the organization chart. Some of the irresponsible supervisors will take this chance to do unethical activities without the higher-level members’ permission. Another situation corruption takes place is when the employee’s supervision and performance are inadequate. When the employee himself felt that his or her performance is declining, this will cause disappointment towards the employers. To make things back as normal, the employees will give bribe to the employers for the sake of their career’s future. Corruption can develop when employees have a high level of discretion in their decision making. Discretion occurs when the workers have the right to choose whether to act or not, approve or not or agree under conditions. Thus, some of them will turn their backs upon certain conditions because they already take a bribe from the specific person. Also, this unethical issue happens when employees have developed a close relationship with the external stakeholders. Lastly, it happens when accepted ethical standards are lacking. Ethical standards such as responsibilities, honesty, transparency, and fairness do not being practice daily by the public, employees, and employers. Lacking this such ethical standards can cause the level of corruption in our country to rise drastically.
There are many ways to prevent corruption. According to “Rasuah: Faktor, kesan dan langkah pencegahan” (2013), corruption can be avoided by law enforcement. It is to ensure that the corrupt practitioner to think twice before they do or take a bribe. Heavy punishment should be given to them and the public will realize the danger of corruption. Moreover, through an awareness campaign, corruption can also be curb. The government and the non-government should collaborate to hold an awareness campaign about corruption to the public. So the public would have a clear idea about the disadvantages of corruption and the effect towards them. The establishment of the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) or known as Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah (SPRM) is one of the steps to ward off corruption issues. The MACC should plan and implement a programme related to anti-corruption in every sector. It is to make sure that the programme runs smoothly through smart partnership collaboration. “Rasuah: Faktor, kesan dan langkah pencegahan” (2013), states that corruption can be prevented by the application of good values in schools. School education in the fight against corruption could be both formal and informal. The components of anti-corruption education could be included in the general education curriculum at the formal level. For the informal level, it can be included in civic movements, student conferences, and other related activities. Last but not least is through religious education from childhood. Every religion teaches their people about good moral ethics and discourage their people to do bad things that can cause harm to themselves. It is the parent’s responsibility to teach their children from a young age about the consequences of corruption and build good moral ethics inside each of their child’s minds.
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Get custom essayIn conclusion, the public and the government should cooperate to curb this corruption issue. So, our country’s reputation remains clean and from any corruption cases or issues. Hence, our country’s economy still maintains and is stable for a long period and become more progressive in the future.
The purpose of a criminal justice system is to reprimand those who have broken the law while maintaining societal order. However, nothing manufactured by humans is without flaw. There have been countless instances of corruption in the criminal justice system, which have drastically altered the outcome of numerous cases. Over the past few decades, government officials in various countries have begun to recognize the issues caused by corruption, and have created anti-corruption plans and institutions as a result. Despite these efforts, corruption has remained an infamous force worldwide. The presence of corruption in criminal justice systems around the world jeopardizes the safety of the people, continues the cycle of crime, and challenges the idea of what is fundamentally a fair system. It is reasonable to conclude that the higher the prevalence of corruption in a certain country, the more dangerous the nation is.
Get original essayThe 2017 Global Peace Index (GPI) report analyzed how peaceful various nations were according to a variety of factors such as safety and security, militarization, internal conflict, and even relations with neighboring countries, to name a few. These indicators were carefully measured, and each of the 163 countries included in the report were assigned scores and rankings determined by these measurements. The five highest-ranking countries overall were, in descending order, Iceland, New Zealand, Portugal, Austria, and Denmark. The lowest-ranking countries on the list include Yemen, South Sudan, Iraq, Afghanistan, and lastly, Syria. In order to draw conclusions about whether or not peace and corruption truly correspond with each other, the aforementioned Global Peace Index results can be compared to that of Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index (CPI). Individuals worldwide reported the perceived corruption level of their home countries while experts conducted various assessments of the nations.
The scale upon which the 176 countries were scored ranged from zero to one hundred. Zero represented the highest prevalence of corruption while one hundred represented the lowest. The nations were then ranked from highest to lowest in accordance with their respective scores. Denmark and New Zealand were tied for first, followed by Finland, Sweden, and Switzerland. The countries at the bottom of the list were Libya, Sudan and Yemen, which were tied at 170, followed by Syria, North Korea, Sudan, and Somalia. Clearly, the countries did not correlate exactly in their GPI and CPI rankings. There were quite a few distinct similarities, nonetheless. Denmark and New Zealand ranked in the top five of both of these lists, and Yemen, Sudan, and Syria remained amongst the lowest-ranking countries on each list. Iceland, the most peaceful country, was ranked within the top twenty on the CPI. While the majority of the nations had similar ranks in terms of peace and corruption, there was a notable exception to the rule. The United States, which is ranked eighteen on the CPI, is ranked at 114 on the GPI. The latter score, which is eleven positions lower than the country’s rank from 2016, is credited to an increase in internal conflict, homicide rates, and “a declining level of trust in government and other citizens which has generated a deterioration in the score for level of perceived criminality in society”. Nearly all other countries included in the two reports, though, displayed very similar rankings, demonstrating a significant correlation between the amount of corruption in a nation and its peace and safety.
One way in which corruption can cause societies to become more dangerous is by continuing the cycle of crime. Due to their fundamental similarities, the criminal justice system of every nation should be able to function so long as the compliance of the people is present. There are a few theories to explain why people generally comply with authority, one of which being the principle of audience legitimacy. This can be defined as the perceived effectiveness of authority figures by audience members, or citizens, of a given country). However, since there is currently no single proven reason to explain why people tend to comply with the law, this remains one of many theories. What is known for certain is that the compliance of the people with law enforcement officials begins to decline as corruption grows in prevalence. “…even a small number of corruption cases…will negatively impact the public because it is precisely this system that punishes corruption in other sectors. This leads to a decrease in public confidence…and strengthens doubts…”. In a criminal justice system that is free of corruption, the criminal process will proceed in the manner in which it is intended to, meaning about eleven steps will be followed, depending on the complexity of the case. Simply put, if an investigation occurs and someone is charged with a crime as a result, the accused individual can either take a plea deal or go to trial. The attorney for the accused, who is referred to as the defendant during the trial, will defend them against the prosecutor, who has the job of proving that the defendant committed the particular crime. Members of a jury, or a judge, will then find the defendant either innocent or guilty based solely upon the evidence and testimonies presented. While the United States’ criminal justice process is not utilized by other countries, it can be used as an example of a fundamentally just system.
Although a system may fundamentally be fair and just, as is the case in a large number of countries, it may diverge from this theoretical layout in practice. Often, this divergence is due to various forms of corruption. The most accurate definition of corruption is “the abuse of entrusted power for personal gain”. The four main types of corruption that appear during the criminal trial process are political interference; extortion of victims, witnesses, or officials; nepotism that benefits those close to the case; and misuse of court funds and resources. One of the most common forms of corruption is bribery. Bribing someone or accepting a bribe is a crime in itself; according to 18 USC §201, being convicted of a single count “can result in fines up to triple the amount of the bribe, as many as 15 years in prison, and a sanction disqualifying the defendant from holding public office in the future”. Officials who engage in this illicit activity undermine the exact purpose of criminal justice. The criminal justice system should discipline, then rehabilitate, those who have committed a crime. However, bribery and other forms of corruption prevent the proper execution of justice. Criminals who have bribed a judge or jury members are more likely to receive an innocent verdict, regardless of whether or not they were the true perpetrator of the crime.
Going against the established justice system procedures creates injustice, which becomes apparent after corruption is revealed to be at least somewhat prevalent. As corruption increases, citizens begin to distrust the criminal justice system, causing a variety of issues for citizens and officials alike. People will begin to believe that using corrupt tactics is an effective way to get the outcome they desire. “…and it will generate the perception that corruption is the only way to obtain high-quality services, thus encouraging the public to further resort to it…which will weaken the concept of democracy itself”. Once a few people begin to view the use of corrupt methods as an effective way to receive the outcome they want, others will use them as well. As for officials, rather than attempting to correct corruption, they may pass the blame onto only those who have contributed to corruption directly, rather than using the exposure of a corruption scandal as an opportunity to correct the entire system. “Blaming a few rotten apples can become an excuse for commanding officers to deny that a more systemic problem exists”. This is merely one of the incorrect ways corruption is handled, but it is not the worst. Ignoring the issue may be worse than blaming another person or group of people. Failing to recognize corruption simply encourages it to persist, and a justice system full of corruption engages in the same type of activity it is intended to correct: criminal.
A number of countries have begun to address corruption in their criminal justice systems, including France, the United Kingdom, the United States, Romania, Kenya, and Malaysia, to name a few. France recently implemented the French Anti-Corruption Agency, referred to as the AFA. This agency was created under a new, anti-corruption law referred to as Loi Sapin II, which was passed on the eighth of November, 2016. In 2014, the United Kingdom released its anti-corruption plan. The report detailed the implementation of four basic principles: pursue, prevent, protect, and prepare. There is also a large focus on informing other countries of the risks of corruption and seeking to eliminate corruption in countries in addition to the United Kingdom. In the United States, there are Internal Affairs units of police departments, which “…investigate resident complaints and administrative rule violations alleged against police personnel and report the results of such investigations to the Chief of Police; and advocate resident and administrative complaints at department hearings and boards”. A variety of principles and laws have been put into place with the intention of targeting more specific branches of the justice system. In Frank Schmalleger’s book Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, he describes various principles that regulate the actions of criminal justice officials. For example, the exclusionary rule prevents illegally seized evidence to be used in trial, thereby preventing a large portion of police officers from unjustly charging an individual.
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Get custom essayCorruption poses an enormous threat to the criminal justice system. It jeopardizes the safety of the people, continues the cycle of crime, and challenges the idea of what is fundamentally a fair system. By eliminating this threat, the justice systems of various countries have the ability to function properly and in a fair, just manner. Criminals will be punished for their actions, innocent people will not be unjustly reprimanded, officials will do their jobs in accordance with regulations, and the entire system can operate in its intended manner. The criminal justice system should eliminate crime, not become part of it.
Corruption refers to dishonest acts or fraudulent activity that is conducted by those in power in a country. This includes people who are involved with or work in the government. A lot of the time corruption involves bribery.
Get original essayCorruption in china presents business operating or planning to invest in the country with high risks. corruption continues to negatively influence the business environment. Companies are likely to experience bribery, political interference when acquiring public services and dealing with the judicial system.
China offers a comprehensive legal framework in the public and private sectors to criminalize several corrupt practices such as, money laundering, active and passive bribery, and gifts in the public and the private sector with the Anti-Unfair Competition Law focusing on commercial bribery. Anti-corruption laws are inconsistently and selectively enforced.
There are a number of sources and causes of corruption in china. These include:
Corruption has lead to a number of consequences in china, this mainly includes the high risk for companies and businesses as they are paying bribes to public services and other services in the country.
One way of taking action against corruption is to change the government processes. If the members of the governing body are government officials, there will most likely be less reports of the criminal cases. The reverse may be possible only when there are no more criminal politicians in our government.
Beginning centuries ago music has been a notable staple of cultural expression, and one of the most prominent forms of entertainment for people around the world. This being said, in our nation alone we have seen a countless amount of record labels come into play since the 1950s when the first labels were founded. Though there is an abundance of labels and big-name companies involved in the music industry, there are very few non-musically involved people who can say they’re aware of the real truth behind said record labels. For decades we have seen hundreds of thousands of artists release music that we hear on the radio every day but rarely do people think about what struggles these artists go through for us to be able to listen to and enjoy their music, and for them to make a living off of it.
Get original essayA notable artist who has always been very open about his struggles with record labels and creative freedom was Prince. Prince is a very well known talent, and for many, he is known for his constant battle for freedom of expression within his label Warner Bros. Records. Prince’s constant struggle started in the 1990s and he very often compared being signed with a record label to being a slave because of the severe nature of the label’s creative restrictions. More often than not, Prince would be asked about his bouts with labels and he was always very open about it. There was even an instance where he wrote the word “slave” on his cheek, to represent his feelings towards his label and how the executives in it were treating him. For example, Prince was often found having to deal with deadlines and schedules that did not fit his creative process, causing him to pump out music he wasn’t proud of. And because of the contracts he signed, he would be sued and his music would no longer be sold if he didn’t cooperate. Prince noted that it makes sense for young artists to sign with record labels because a lot of the time they don’t have the necessary resources to get their music heard and to make a living on it when he stated “Once we have our own resources, we can provide what we need for ourselves” on NPR. Towards the end of his career, he teamed with Jay Z and his independent streaming service in order to liberate himself and his music from the restrictive nature of his record labels.
There is an argument denying modern corruption in the music world simply because it is not seen. Because of how vital social media and online news sources have become, it is almost impossible for a large corporation to hide any corruption that may be going on inside. It was fairly common for artists in the late 80s and 90s to be open in their battles with labels and creative expression but as time goes on that is rarely seen anymore. Young artists are always showed enjoying the splendors of being rich and famous whether it be on interviews or their own social media pages. However, in recent years, according to Forbes Magazine, record labels have begun to create contract percentages that are less fair to artists in their earnings. For example, 360 agreements are contract deals “that allow a record label to receive a percentage of the earnings from ALL of an artist’s activities rather than just album sales. Under this type of contract, the label will collect a percentage of multiple revenue streams, such as publishing royalties, live concert fees, merchandise sales, endorsement deals, book and movie deals, ringtones, private copying levy royalties, etc.” In recent years these percentages have become less fair and have always included agreements that state if you break the deal they can legally revoke all earnings you have made within the label. This being said, many young artists don’t come forward about the problems they face simply because they are afraid of losing their living.
A more relevant example of corruption in the music industry is the alleged racism against country/hip-hop star Lil Nas x. What many people don’t realize is that a big part of the music industry’s corruption is racism. An artist named Lil Nas X released a song “Old Town Road” that held number one on the billboard top 100 charts for a record-breaking 17 weeks. The song’s success has greatly improved Lil Nas’s life but early on in the process of his song became a hit he had faced a bit of controversy. Billboard removed the song from its country list and many blamed it on racism. Some think the industry was bothered by the fact that a Black American artist was beating records in a genre that no other artist has done, Black or White (Reilly). This is something that artists will have to face more than ever because of how frequently genre norms are completely ignored in order for artists to truly express themselves.
An argument that is used in opposition to racism in the music industry is the fact that it is not the corporations that are being racist against artists but the fans. There is little to nothing that record labels can do in order to prevent racism or discrimination against certain artists which is why it should not be a notable point when saying the industry is corrupt. For decades there have been people of different races going into the world of entertainment whether it be television, sports, or music that have faced discrimination, but most of the time it is from the people that are indulging in this entertainment that have an issue with different races. However, an example of racism in the music industry by corporations is towards K-Pop stars. K-Pop is Korean pop music which has been growing rapidly across the globe, but is having the most success in America. When it comes to any form of entertainment, if something goes viral there will be people that push against it no matter what. But recently it has gone a bit too far. K-Pop group BTS has been taking America and its music world by storm but many fans are upset about how they were treated at the 2019 Video Music Awards. The VMAs recently added a category of “Best K-Pop” which many fans are upset about. Objectively, K-Pop fits the criteria of any other form of pop music in America with its composition and upbeat rhythm. The only factor that separates K-Pop from American Pop music is the fact that it’s from a different culture which many fans believe is no reason to deny them nomination spots for categories like “Best Artist” or “Best of Pop” (NPR).
Overall there have been changes and improvements made to better the lives of artists when signing with labels, but that does not mean they are even remotely close to fixing the corruption. Understandably there is not much that can be done on the music listeners’ end except for looking into the labels they support and the services they give their money to. People should be supporting independent artists in order for them to be making a living off their art and not commercialized corporate media. Until this comes to an end people need to look into these issues and come to an understanding that there are issues that need to be fixed when it comes to corruption in the music industry.