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A persons life revolves around the little thingsa moment of silence, a time filled with laughter, a period of hope. It is this theme that is conveyed in Jhumpa Lahiris short story, A Temporary Matter. Through the selected passage, the reader connects with the theme: Life is too short; life is a temporary matter. This theme is supported through three elements in the passage: the title, the baby and the concept of leaving. Each of these facets is seen through the use of the literary elements of metaphor, irony and foreshadow.

A Temporary Matter follows the deterioration of a marriage. This journey happens over a period of one week where Shukumar hopes that he and his wife, Shoba, will rekindle their love. The passage that is to be analyzed is reflective of a time in their marriage that is distilled and almost frozen to the reader. However, this passage emphasizes the importance of the theme in this short story, through the inclusiveness of the three key aforementioned literary elements.

The title of this short story, A Temporary Matter, is a metaphor for life and, in particular, the life of the married couple: Shukumar and Shoba. While the title is a metaphor for life, it also foreshadows the past and present relationship between Shukumar and Shoba. Specifically, it highlights how their marriage was, and always will be, a temporary matter. The title of this work is also ironic. This is demonstrated through its questioning of a fundamental value in society that life and marriage is full of happiness and an asset that is worthy of celebration. This convention is challenged through the title and presents a contrary view of marriage namely, that from the outset it is temporary and doomed to failure. While this may be an increasingly typical feature of marriage in a contemporary sense, it is rarely a view that is taken into the relationship by consenting couples. Lahiri also explores the idea that life is a temporary experience through the use of the literary element, foreshadow. In essence the author is preparing the reader to understand that what lies in the pages before them is but a temporary journey for her characters. The title, therefore, significantly emphasizes the thematic concept of the story: Life is too short; it is a temporary matter.

A further convention that is challenged is creation. While new life is typically portrayed as bringing joy and happiness into many peoples lives, the baby in this passage of A Temporary Matter could not contrast more distinctly with these emotions. The depiction of the baby is metaphoric and, again foreshadows the relationship of the couple. The sanctity of a couples union is through their children. The concept of a stillborn child, therefore, challenges convention that children should not predecease their parents. It also exemplifies that the marriage was never alive to begin with. It was dead, limp and lifeless like the baby. The more Shoba stayed at work...the more [Shukumar] wanted to stay in (Lahiri 2). Happy endings never quite work out as planned. In this case, the marriage was over, almost before it started. Marriage is a strong bond between two people. Its place in society is protected and considered sacred. Lahiri, however, challenges its perception of permanency through life is too short; life is a temporary matter.

Foreshadow is also used to tie together the critical themes of this passage through the notion of departure. The concept of leaving is another societal norm that attracts strong emotions and, usually, a sense of lossin this context, abandonment. The passage being examined is a composite of flashbacks, which illustrate to the reader the sense of a persons inability to let go. This is portrayed when Shukumar travels in the cab and leaves Shoba. Each time Shukumar thought of that moment, the last moment he saw Shoba pregnant, it was the cab he remembered most (3). This sense of abandonment reoccurs during an important flashback, and signifies how life can change quickly from Shoba standing with her arm resting on the mound of her belly as if it were a perfectly natural part of her, to Shoba ...lying on a bed, asleep (3). The motif of leaving also foreshadows Shukumar and Shobas relationship and how one will leave the other. The illustration of the trees still heavy with bronze leaves (3) foreshadows the drooping of the relationship and the approaching feeling of death.

Jhumpa Lahiris, A Temporary Matter, conveys the theme of Life is too short; life is a temporary matter This theme is depicted through literary devices, such as metaphor, irony, and foreshadow. These aspects, in turn, emphasize certain parts of the short story that support the theme: the title, the baby, and the concept of leaving.

Introducing oneself can be a daunting task, even for the most confident individuals. However, it is a necessary skill to master as it sets the tone for future interactions with others. As someone who understands the importance of making a strong first impression, I believe that this essay wih the goal to introduce yourself, does an excellent job of highlighting my unique personality and interests.

My name is Sarah, and I am a 25-year-old aspiring writer who enjoys spending time outdoors and learning about different cultures. Growing up, I was always the shy one in class who preferred to blend in with the crowd rather than stand out. However, as I entered high school, I discovered my passion for writing and literature, which helped me find my voice. I started to participate in writing competitions and joined the school newspaper, which allowed me to express my thoughts and ideas in a creative and meaningful way.

After completing my high school education, I pursued a degree in English literature at the university. This decision was not an easy one for me, as I had to leave my family and friends and move to a new city where I knew no one. However, this experience taught me a lot about independence, adaptability, and the importance of building new relationships.

During my time at university, I had the opportunity to participate in various extracurricular activities, which helped me develop my communication and leadership skills. I joined the debate club, where I learned how to express my opinions effectively and respectfully, even when disagreeing with others. I also became a mentor for first-year students, which taught me the importance of empathy and patience.

Now that I have completed my degree, I am eager to pursue my passion for writing and make it my career. I am currently working on a novel, which is a story about a young woman who embarks on a journey of self-discovery while traveling through different countries. This story is inspired by my own experiences of traveling and learning about new cultures, which has broadened my perspective and made me more open-minded.

In conclusion, introducing oneself is not an easy task, but it is an essential one that sets the tone for future interactions. My personal story is one of growth, independence, and self-discovery. Through my experiences, I have learned the importance of building relationships, developing communication and leadership skills, and pursuing my passion for writing. I am excited about what the future holds and look forward to meeting new people and embarking on new adventures.

The Shakers, are members of the United Society of Believers in Christ's second appearing. They are one of many utopian farming communities of the early 1800's. The Shakers are more than a farming group, they were dedicated to a life of perfection. They invented many timesaving tools and machines, and created distinctive styles of architecture, furniture, and handicrafts.

The Shakers began in England. The Shaking Quakers were a small branch of radical English Quakers. They were known for their liveliness, shaking, shouting, dancing and singing in their religious rituals. While living in Manchester the shakers were persecuted for their actions in their early years.

Soon a woman by the name of Ann Lees came to the Shakers, and joined soon there after. The death of her four children, three which had died as infants, and the fourth had died as a toddler had much to do with Ann deciding to join. Her past experiences with men had also strongly influenced her decision. After joining the Shakers Ann Lees became known as Ann Lee.

Ann had a strong belief in celibacy, which became the central nature of the Shakers. As time passed Ann became more and more outspoken, the meetings started to become livelier. The meetings were so extreme that Ann was sent to jail for profanement of the Sabbath. When she got out of jail Ann claimed to have visions of Christ. Ann and others of the Shakers believed that she was the second incarnation of Christ. Soon after this Ann Lee became known as Mother Ann. In 1774 Ann Lee along with nine of her followers moved to Niskeyuna, New York. In a few years it started to look up and Mother Ann finally started to recruit followers. In 1784 Mother Ann died. At the time of her death the Shakers society had approximately one hundred members. After Ann's death James Whittaker took over the organization.

Father James continued the Shaker community. He gathered the new shakers and isolated them in their own villages; here they were away from the evils of the world. Father James tried to make the rules more formalized, he introduced the gospel orders. The main ideas of the gospel orders were to separate the genders. The adult males, female, and children were each put their own "families". Gender separation was taken to the next level when males and females were required to exit through separate doors. All property was shared among the whole group.

Father James's leadership did not last very long he died in 1787. Elder Joseph Meacham and Eldress Lucy Wright became the new leaders of the Shakers. Their spiritual headquarters were in New Lebanon, New York. The Shakers grew and spread, created several villages in New England. During the Second Great Awakening, the Shakers sent out missionaries who started communities in Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky. By the year 1826 eighteen Shaker villages were active. The height of the group's popularity was in the 1840's, when they had almost 6,000 members in their church. After that, the group began to dwindle as their celibacy prevented children from continuing the group. Their numbers shrank to about 1,000 by the early 1900's. Today, only a couple of survivors remain.

The Shakers were a very successful group of people. One reason they were so successful was because of their innovative innovations, which allowed them to work very efficiently. Along with their inventions, they created new markets for everyone. They sold packaged seeds, dried fruit, and excess fresh foods to outsiders. This resulted in surplus of food to sell.

The Shakers shared all their labor, and to make their lives easier, they made tools to help out in the fields to utensils in the kitchen. To help out in the fields they invented the hay rake the mower and a plow for working on the farm. They also found many uses for the circular saw and spinning wheel. They found a way to improve the washing machine and clothespins.

The Shaker's farms were laid out very logically, with areas for wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, and herbs. Some of the shakers communities had a place for orchards and strawberry fields. Most of the hard labor given to oxen and horses. The animals used the specially designed plow. The Shakers treated their animals with great care. The Shakers believed that a one's character was partly based on how well they cared for their animals. The animals were constantly cleaned. The Shakers provided good food and housing for their animals, and their animals were never overworked. Even the land was cared for well, by rotating crops and controlling pests naturally. Seed packages are a product that the Shakers are well known for. They were the first to pack their seeds in packets. The types of seeds were easily recognized from the package, and they were highly reliable. The shakers gained much recognition and prosperity this was due to their farms. High efficiency and innovative methods allowed them to be as successful as they were.

In the kitchen food for the whole community was made three times daily by a group of cooks. They wanted to get their job done quickly and efficiently, so they made many inventions, which would save time in the kitchen. Some of their more creative inventions include the apple corer, pea-splitter, cheese press, and double rolling pin. With use of the apple corer and the double rolling pin the Shakers could make sixty apple pies in the time it would take one housewife to make two or three pies. A revolving oven was another variation of theirs. The revolving oven could bake sixty pies at once. Many of the goods they sold were made from apples.

The Shakers created large quantities of food at one time. Their special style of cooking was unique to their communities. The Shakers cooked foods without pesticides or chemicals, ensuring the taste of their cooking. Also, the Shakers usually made very heavy foods. To balance out the taste, herbs and spices were used to liven up the food subtly. The shakers were one of the first to use scientific measurement, using specific measurements, lengths of time, and temperatures in their cooking. Their recipes were put together in cookbooks sold to people worldwide.

Shaker meals were simple. They did not use fancy tableware. Before each meal everyone would take fifteen minutes of quiet time to knee and say grace. In the early years of Shaker society, meals were eaten in silence. Later the talking ban was lifted. The dining tables were long and simplistic. Food was eaten on plain plates on the table, without any tablecloths or other fancy goods. The shakers did not waste food; any food that was left over was eaten in the meals for the next day.

The Shaker home was designed to be functional and easy to maintain. The Shakers were very clean people. The flat broom was an invented by the shakers. The sisters swept the whole house every morning before breakfast. In the afternoons the brothers cleaned the workshops. In order to make sweeping easier they put wooden pegs in the walls. Most of the furniture could be hung on them so that the furniture would not get in the way while the sisters were cleaning. Most of the furniture was built in to the wall this helped them to stop collecting so much dust. They did not like clutter at all. Everything was put in to drawers and chests so it would not be seen. The shakers believed that fresh air was very important and beneficial to their health. They had large windows, which allowed light and air to enter into the house.

The shakers would wake up at four or five o'clock the first thing they would do is pray. When they were finished praying they would begin to clean house. Afterwards, the sisters went to prepare breakfast while the brothers performed more chores in the workshop. After breakfast school would be in session. The schools were segregated. The boys would go to school in the winter and the girls would attend in the summer. After school was over the children had many chores to do. The sisters would make candles and make herbal medicines. The brothers either worked in the fields or worked in the workshop. In the workshops is where the furniture and tools were made.

Shaker life stressed the community and the family. Everybody chose to be celibate, this meant they would give up marriage and family. By living as brothers and sisters, in return the Shakers would be moral people. The lack of natural growth in population led to the eventual demise of the Shakers.

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The Shakers were very organized people. Each Shaker village was basically the same. Each had designated buildings for sleeping, eating, working, and worshipping. Community members were organized into families of fifty to one hundred brothers and sisters. The buildings that they shared had separate doorways and staircases for men and women. Even eating areas were separated by gender. The Shakers had two responsibilities, which were; being free from debt and celibacy and separateness. Children and partial Shakers lived separately from full Shakers in a group, which was known as the Novitate Order.

The Australian Public Service (APS) is tasked with resolving complicated policy issues. The complexity of the problems is such that they are referred to as 'wicked' problems due to their resistance to resolution. Some of the main 'wicked' problems include obesity, social inequality, land degradation, climate change and indigenous advantage. 'Wicked' problems are described using common characteristics such as their lack of clear definition because their nature and extent depends on who is asked, presence of multiple interdependencies and causalities, efforts to address them often results into unanticipated consequences, lack of definite solutions, they are unstable, they involve behavior change and mostly result from chronic policy failure. This paper focuses on inequality as a 'wicked' problem, the attempts that have been made to solve the issue, and an idea to help address the problem (Western, 1983, 45).

Income inequality and wealth inequality are the two key measures of inequality in nations (Australian Council of Social Service, 2015, 11). In Australia, both are greatly undistributed with a person in the top 20 percent income category earning about five times and having about 70 percent more wealth more than the one at the bottom 20 percent (Habibis & Walter, 2009, 78). Inequality is harmful in every society because it limits the peoples' ability to participate in economic activities and hinders social cohesion. When fewer people own resources, there is reduced economic activity as the minority people put up businesses, construct houses, and acquire land and purchase goods and services. Besides, inequality compromises on democracy since money and power determine whose interests are given priority and who participates in various events. Australia lacks legal protection for basic human rights making the problem of social inequality more magnified and harder to tame. The level of income inequality in Australia is over the OECD average although it is lower for other countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States (Habibis & Walter, 2009, 78).

Critical Analysis of the Attempts to Address the Problem

The Australian government has made various attempts in addressing the disparities through various means such as through progressive taxes, universal access to education, a system of wage regulation, full employment policies and the creation of social safety nets (Australian Public service commission, 2007, 9). However, most of these methods have not completely addressed disparities and inequalities. The efforts have, however, moved a big stride in addressing the wicked problem. For instance, progressive taxes are used to redistribute income so that those who have higher incomes pay a higher percentage of taxes than those who have lower incomes (Australian Council of Social Service, 2015, 28). However, this approach is not sufficient to address inequality because the nature of the problem is complex and has multiple causes. Furthermore, there are negative consequences of high progressive taxation. When working for an extra dollar does not give any incentive, one would prefer not to work that hard so they would rather spend more time on rest and vacation leading to slow economic growth. Also, the use of progressive taxes results in a moral hazard whereby some individuals may not work to improve their welfare because the government offers insurance against poverty, disability, and unemployment. Thus, they remain dependent on the government for support causing even more expenditure of revenue that would be used to implement other developing projects. Therefore, the attempt of governments using progressive taxes to manage social inequality remains unsuccessful (Fagan & Bryan, 1991, 29-30).

In addition, social safety nets like cash benefits have been used to decrease the gap between the rich and the poor with merely any success (Dorling & Dorling, 2015, 24). One of the reasons for their failure is that they are too meager to create any significant difference between the two extreme wealth groups. For instance, in the United States, the entire budget set aside for low-income households is one-tenth of 1% of the nation's economic output (Dorling & Dorling, 2015, 24). Even after including direct government services plus tax breaks, the share of economic output dedicated to family assistance remains small compared to the amount required to make notable changes in inequality. Another reason for lack of success of social safety nets is the existence of 'ladder of opportunities' among the high-income households. As much as the government tries to uplift the position of the poor, their children have limited opportunities compared to their age mates from the well-off families. The differences do not arise from lack of basic education or lack of talent, but the child from a more economically stable household is likely to get assistance and support from the parents through college, their first car, internship and work connections hence having a better economic outcome compared to the one from a low-income family. Therefore, the sufficiency of safety nets is only up to the provision of basic needs which leaves a big gap for the beneficiaries to fill in order to compete with the others.

Further still, the approach of using universal education has borne no fruits in curbing the problem of social inequality. Instead, inequality has taken center stage in the education sector hence increasing the ever-widening gap between the rich and the poor. A report by the Public Education Foundation unveiled that students in disadvantaged schools lag behind their counterparts in 'wealthy' schools or those in other nations (Wilkins, 2015, 94). Notably, children whose parents attained poor results or left school early were behind their colleagues from their entry into school, and they mostly had low socioeconomic backgrounds. Therefore, the education system is not effective in managing inequality but rather propagating it because of using general approaches instead of applying targeted teaching strategies.

Novel Idea to Address the Problem

Successfully managing such a wicked problem like social inequality requires a reassessment of the conventional ways used to solve problems. Without putting all the blame on politicians and economists, it is necessary first to acknowledge that inequality will involve significant structural changes to both economic and political systems. The changes are also expected to be costly because they will go against the politicians who are the highest beneficiaries of existing paradigms. It could be time to consider how we view our world before coming up with the ultimate solution to the problem to form a common baseline. Understanding our varying worldviews will enhance the formulation of policies that favor the majority of the people and hence their actual success.

Presently, there are seemingly two views of inequality where one is the Left, and the other is Right (Alam & Imran, 2015, 346). Now the Left view inequality as a doubtlessly wrong thing and make some effort to deal with it while the Right knows the evils of inequalities but do not pay attention so that they can continue reaping its fruits. However, to make the fight against inequality successful, it is critical that people understand its evils and then targeted policies can be introduced. For instance, instead of just giving out money to the less fortunate, they must also meet a given criterion that contributes to economic growth. Importantly, policymakers need to understand that solving or managing wicked problems is a sort of evolving art and not quick fixes. Thoughtful considerations must be made to capture the big picture and include the various interrelated causal factors causing the problem.

The New Spirituality is not meant that people are non-religious, or they started decreasing the faith in God. In a survey, it is found that 80% of people still believe in God, soul or afterlife. There’s just a change of faith: “I’m spiritual, not religious". Individuals maintain a strategic distance from restrictive pledge to any one religion as having reality alone. Spiritual means a feeling that there's a more profound truth behind them all that is general. It has no particular founder, no holy books, not organised by one organisation or leadership and also this new spirituality is not universally accepted. On the other side, the religious movement have many leaders, many holy books, many organisations and many teachings. It is bound together in its longing to advance an otherworldly vision of infinite solidarity, grounded in the celestial to help the all-encompassing worth that 'all of life is sacred'. The new spirituality is another subculture, a social development looking to give the vision to future mankind.

“8% have faith in soothsaying as a strategy for anticipating what's to come.

7% trust that gems are a wellspring of mending or invigorating force

9% trust that Tarot Cards are a solid base forever choice

around 1 out of 4 have faith in a non-conventional idea of the idea of God which are frequently connected with New Age considering:

11% trust that God is "a condition of higher cognizance that a man may reach"

8% characterize God as "the aggregate acknowledgment of individual, human potential"

3% trust that every individual is God.

The gathering of overviews referred to above order religious convictions into 7 confidence gatherings. Starting with the biggest, they are: Cultural (Christmas and Easter) Christianity, Conventional Christianity, New Age Practitioner, Biblical (Fundamentalist, Evangelical) Christianity, Atheist/Agnostic, Other, and Jewish, A longitudinal report from 1991 to 1995 demonstrates that New Agers speak to an enduring 20% of the populace and are reliably the third biggest religious gathering.” (newage.htm, 2015)

The chronicled roots, precepts, and practices of the NRMs (New Religious Movement) in the West are to a great degree different. The accompanying review arranges this decent variety into specific classifications, yet numerous NRMs could be characterized under more than one of these rubrics.

Influence from East: (new-religious-movement, 2018)

The religions of India have interested the West for centuries, however it was just in the nineteenth century that exact and moderately thorough data with respect to the lessons and practices of Hinduism and Buddhism showed up in Europe and the United States of America. Indian philosophical tenets started to impact Western scholars, for example, Arthur Schopenhauer, Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Friedrich Nietzsche. The most compelling of these precepts were Hindu monistic convictions, which keep up that the universe is completely holy or takes part in a solitary perfect guideline (brahman).

Before the finish of the nineteenth century, the principal religious gathering to be foreign made from India flourished in the United States, when Vivekananda went to the 1893 World's Parliament of Religions in Chicago and after that established the Vedanta Society in New York City. In light of the monistic lessons of one of Hinduism's philosophical schools and on its understanding of the lessons and magical encounters of Vivekananda's instructor, Ramakrishna (1836– 86), the Vedanta Society pulled in the consideration of numerous noticeable individuals from the imaginative network.

Nearly 40 years after Vivekananda's voyage to the United States, another educator from India, Paramahansa Yogananda (1893– 1952), established the Self-Realization Fellowship in Los Angeles and presented the training and rationality of Yoga to Americans. Drawing on conventional Hindu lessons of a profound, mental, and physical train, Yogananda spoke to Yoga in semi-logical terms that engaged his crowd, keeping up that different religious educators had additionally lectured much a similar message.

Another gathering to leave this time of social strife and change was the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), established by A.C. Bhaktivedanta (1896– 1977) and prominently known as the Hare Krishna development. ISKCON is on a very basic level a continuation of a Hindu order, beginning in India's pre-pioneer period, that stresses elate commitment to the god Krishna. Change to ISKCON involves not just a move in religious conviction and practice yet a whole break with Western culture, symbolized by the appropriation of Indian dress and slim down and by the shaving of male supporters' heads. Such radical indications of estrangement from Western culture and qualities, together with the gathering's dynamic converting measurement and its inside emergencies and authority battles, induced much discussion about the Hare Krishnas.

About Neo – Paganism and Wicca: (new-religious-movement, 2018)

Neo-Paganism and Wicca speak to an alternate, even inverse, reaction to the predominance and inescapable impact of science in current culture. Instead of coordinate logical cases into new religious lessons, these gatherings have a tendency to contradict the realism, innovative abundance, and distance from nature that science apparently fosters, offering current individuals an approach to come back to and take an interest in the rhythms of the normal world. The grasping of enchantment and the utilization of spells to help assist individual objectives in regular daily existence appears to go against a portion of the fundamental precepts of present-day science and mainstream "presence of mind."

New Spiritual Beliefs: (newage.htm, 2015)

Many people believe on these but not all,

Monism: All that exists is gotten from a solitary wellspring of heavenly energy.

Pantheism: “All that exists is God; God is all that exists.” This leads normally to the idea of the godlikeness of the person, that we are for the most part Gods. They don't look for God as uncovered in a consecrated content or as exists in a remote paradise; they look for God inside the self and all through the whole universe.

Karma: The great and terrible deeds that we do includes and subtracts from our amassed record, our karma. Toward the finish of our life, we are remunerated or rebuffed by our karma by being resurrected into either an excruciating or great new life. This conviction is connected to that of rebirth and is likewise gotten from Hinduism.

Universal Religion: Since all is God, at that point just a single reality exists, and all religions are essentially unique ways to that extreme reality. The all-inclusive religion can be imagined as a mountain, with numerous sadhanas (otherworldly ways) to the summit. Some are hard; others simple. There is nobody remedy way. All ways in the end achieve the best. They envision that another widespread religion which contains components of every single current confidence will advance and turn out to be by and large acknowledged around the world.

Some of New – Spiritual Practices:

• Crystals: Precious stones are materials which have their particles masterminded in a particular, profoundly requested interior example. This example is reflected in the precious stone's outer structure which normally has symmetrical planar surfaces.
• Meditating: A procedure of blanking out the psyche and discharging oneself from cognizant reasoning. This is frequently helped by dull droning of a mantra or concentrating on a protest.
• New Spiritual Music: A delicate, rousing music frame including the human voice, harp, lute, woodwind, and so forth. It is utilized as a guide in recuperating, rub treatment, and general unwinding.
• Astrology: The conviction that the introduction of the planets at the season of one's introduction to the world, and the area of their introduction to the world anticipate the person's future and identity. Faith in soothsaying is basic among New Agers, yet unquestionably not constrained to them.

Raksana Charitable Trust Established by Mrs.Kavita Subakar in 2011, Raksana Charitable Trust is a Registered Nonprofit Social Organization working for take advancement crosswise over India. Since its origin it has been moving in the direction of making an age of youngsters who are not bound by the conditions they are naturally introduced to. Originating from the most edgy of circumstances, frequently with alcoholic dads and an upset home condition, their future looks hopeless. At this association such youngsters are given training, nourishment, protect, love, care, and direction with an end goal to enable them to appreciate a glad life.

History

Kavitha was raised in Bangalore, lost her mom at an exceptionally youthful age. Raised by her relatives, her difficult encounters of living without a mother's affection lead her to begin Rakshana Charitable Trust. Through this association she endeavors to give love, sustenance, sanctuary, and training to the stranded and surrendered kids. She begun by dealing with four kids in a little house giving them fundamental needs and showing them. On March 2016, the association extended to lodging 34 youngsters going from 5 to 15 years of age.

Mission

Our Mission is to provide unconditional help to the poor and needy in the society.

• To feed hungry and poor daily on streets, destitute homes, orphanages, and where there are hungry stomachs
• To provide free medical treatment to poor and homeless, needy
• To provide shelter to Orphan and poor children with all facilities in family environment
• To provide permanent solution to homeless
• To facilitate last rite service to orphan and poor dead bodies
• To provide old age homes to neglected old people
• To distribute Food, clothes and provide shelter to orphan kids, old age people, people and street identified individuals.
• To identify uncared people on streets, transform them into respectful citizens by cleaning, caring.
• To educate poor children in slums

Future Project Tailoring classes - To give training through tailoring, embroidery classes for the women and widows from below poverty level, where they will trained and to start their own tailoring shop which they can lead their life.Raksana Charitable Trust Home for the Needy Home for the old age, blind, and handicapped for their needy that can get their basic requirement for living life. Raksana Charitable Trust Computer Classes Today in this world without basic knowledge of computer it’s difficult to get job, also very necessary to know in our daily life, to realize the value of education usage of advanced equipment’s and moral value, Hence we have planned to start computer classes for the people who are not affordable. Raksana Charitable Trust Poor Feeding Providing food for the children’s who leaves in streets were they are not affordable to have three times a day.

Vision

Our Vision is to make under privileged children, uncared orphans, neglected old people by creating one family roof and provide them food, shelter, clothing, education, care and protection throughout their life.

Consistently begins with a fresh start, new personality, new blossoms; however my days are presently extremely extraordinary in light of the fact that you are the person who supports me for my training and you trust that each kid has the crucial appropriate to existence with nobility and sense of pride.Raksana trust is found by Mrs Kavitha Subakar in 2009. It is a non-benefit association working in childcare area crosswise over India. She is conceived and purchased up in Bengaluru; she lost her mom when she was small and started living with her relatives. The torment of living without mother's adoration and warmth, made her reasoning of other youngsters who are stranded, felt something at the top of the priority list and began dealing with four kids with protection, instructing, nourishing with essential facilities. Presently we have 32 children's.

Objectives

Our vision is to give a protection to the unprivileged kids. We work to give all encompassing consideration and an emotionally supportive network by directing, teaching, and giving them adore and mind that they merit. We go about as a progress for the kids to lead an existence with finish social pride and make them equipped for helping the general public consequently. We go for re-establishing the splendid future and we furnish youngsters with legitimate nourishment, dress, restorative care, and agreeable safe house. We give kids a chance to have great training, companionship, love, and family. We urge every kid to seek after their fantasies. We show youngsters genuine abilities to succeed. We share love as guardians to semi vagrant and vagrant youngsters. The delight of festivity of national days, for example, republic day and Independence day with the kids. Regular wellbeing check – up/medicinal checkup. To make a practical employment for the underprivileged kids.

Progammes and Activities

This segment gives a concise synopsis of the exercises of Raksana' s exercises, occasions, festivities, workshop, and commitment made towards the general public as circulation of endowments and different things, which is the key commitment that the association has made in achieving its vision. The accompanying focuses states the different exercises directed by the association after its foundation.

• • Republic Day celebration.
  • Free restorative camp for at regular intervals.
  • Independence Day celebration.
  • Children's Day.
  • Gandhi Jayanti.
  • Awareness camp for wellbeing and other issue.
  • Christmas Day celebration.
  • Sanitation program.
  • Distributing garments and stationary to other underprovided kids' and neediness line of seniority.

Organisation Structure

Authoritative structure is a framework used to characterize a progressive system inside an association. It distinguishes each activity, its capacity and where it reports to inside the association. This structure is created to set up how an association works and helps an association in getting its objectives to take into account future development.

Centralization

In spite of the fact that there are numerous sorts of hierarchical structures created to address every association's issues, every one of them give a progression that reports to a unified area and gathering of administrators. The most astounding positioning individual from an authoritative diagram is one or a few best officials alluded to as the president, CEO or head working officer.2.

Job Descriptions

At the point when an authoritative structure is outlined, sets of expectations can be produced to meet associations objectives, as well as take into consideration hierarchical and worker development. Inward value and worker maintenance is a key to fruitful activities. Enrolment is likewise one of the most astounding speculations for associations, so guaranteeing representatives have special chances and professional stability can help with diminishing enlistment costs.

Salary

Authoritative structure is likewise a basic center to make compensation structures for an association. Once the structure is set up, pay extents can be made for each activity in the association. As a rule, each activity is adjusted to a compensation review, and each review has a predetermined pay go. This enables an association to meet its monetary objectives and guarantees compensations are disseminated reasonably inside budgetary spending plans.

Expansion

On the off chance that an association extends, the authoritative structure permits space for development. This can incorporate including extra layers of administration, new divisions, extending one or a few practical regions or delegating extra best administrators. At the point when the structure is rearranged for development, it gives the establishment to alter pay rates and sets of responsibilities rapidly and effectively with negligible disturbance to an association's tasks.

Raksana’s Organization Structure

The organizational structure of Raksana will give a picture about its functioning, management, departmental work and the role of the manager of each department. The below is the diagrammatic representation of the organizational structure of Raksana, and followed points will explain the role of each

Managing Director

Every one of the activities of the NGO, is overseen and coordinated by Mrs Kavitha every one of the leaders of the diverse office answer to her and she is chief of the association. every movement of home is done under her watch.

Finance Department

The fund office is going by Mr Naveen, and it is sub-partitioned into two divisions i.e. Tele-calling and Streets. Tele-Calling – The assets are raised through tele-calling. There are two representatives in this division. They have information of overall population and their numbers, they are reached through wires and request gifts by communicating their character and exercises.Streets – Another method of raising support is roads. Representatives of this association and from back office, they gather finances haphazardly from individuals who are moving in the lanes. The general population can be experts, school going instructors, teachers, individuals moving in or out of the shopping centres , inns clubs and so on even house spouse or home creators. This one of the significant wellspring of pay for the association. There are just two workers in this division.

Administration

The organization office comprises of one worker, and all the everyday exercises, for example, conversing with guests, conveying things to children's, Grocery and different buys, upkeep of house, Food and nibble courses of action to the detainees of house day by day and so on.

Marketing

The advertising office is going by Denise and conveys showcasing exercises, for example, special exercises. This office directs such exercises in corporate workplaces, courses, instructive organization, and numerous such places. The simple late limited time occasion was held at Manyata Tech Park, Nagawara Bangalore.This office keeps up records and envelopes in softcopy and printed copy. At the point when such occasions happen they endeavour to disclose to individuals with these envelopes. The record contains the substance of the association through which open comprehends it better and more intrigued competitors stroll in the association with blessings and gifts. Another mode of marketing is through wire i.e. Tele-calling. This is the most common method of promoting the organization and trying to acquire funds. The below Images, are the pamphlets of Raksana which is distributed to general public, volunteers, visitors and at the promotional events which are held at corporate offices.

Human Resource Department

Keep in mind:
This is only a sample.

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The HR division is going by Andy and this office is worried about staff and volunteers. As and when there is empty position, the HR office fills the empty position. It records the quantity of representatives in Bangalore and Chennai. It outlines arrangements for the workers and volunteers for the advancement of the association. The remuneration/pay is planned according to the prerequisite of the association, and later these pay rates are paid by fund division. Volunteers are chosen by a system. That is first they call for volunteers through media and promotion, at that point intrigued competitors can stroll in and converse with HR director and after that to Miss Kavitha. Later on they are offered dates to join the association. Furthermore, their activity continues changing as indicated by the prerequisite of the association.

Table of contents

1. Modern vs Tradition
2. Types of craft and design
3. Success within business

Craft and design has been amongst us for many centuries and has gone forward by mankind, bringing out new ornaments but keeping it a traditional style and giving recognition with talent of modern design. Having a creative team who works together to bring forth and make it a huge selling point. These reviews are about the differences of craft and design and how people opinions are based on the differences of modern and tradition, types of craft and design and success within business.

Modern vs Tradition

Craft and design started long ago. It has been with human race for countless centuries from poor area to rich area. Craft started of as a traditional aspect where everything was designed by hand and gave a natural look to an object. But now time has changed thoughts have expanded and modern machines have come to life. Dr. Kevin Murray had a disagreement of how modern culture has become with craft and design. From creating things with hand and now we have machines that can do designing for us. Through his reviews there are case studies of 3 different people who share their experiences.

Craft have their own passion of showing love and culture to the world. Case studies are based on how machines have become advance while being creative and taking away jobs through poor areas as the traditional way of designing has changed. Johanna Rosenqvist has other expertise of art and culture as she teaches many students about tradition and modern craft. In her review she wrote “Teaching design history to future designers poses great challenges to me as an academic in the design field” in this review Johanna teaches how history is important to future designer. The aspect of tradition being an inspiration of bringing out modern design through creative sciences. Courtney Lee Weida (2014 crafting creativity & creating craft) was explaining how machines replaced human hands “they could not substitute the human mind and eyes in designing in the traditional crafts design was executed by craftspeople themselves using traditionally handed down motifs and forms.” Craft and design has been seen in different ways. Everyone consider craft as making by hand and design by mind and eye.

Types of craft and design

Through ideas, research and lots of discovery people find inspiration through something which inspired then to be creative and design something through craft which is remembered by many. There are a lot of different types of craft which brings out many inspirations. The word craft has a lot of meanings to it. Joseph McBrinn report was about the importance sewing with needles before sewing machines even existed. Designing craft through embroidery was with mankind since the start of human century and designed clothing made out of leaves. Article shows the decorative side of arts and crafts and the sculpture side of it. Robert Bell has done many exhibitions to show the side of art in Australia. Other types of craft include design within architecture. Craft is a creative process of how to make our living space comfortable through texture, design and pattern, finding the characteristic of the building to form elegance by creating a mindful of craft through architecture.

Success within business

Craft and design has become an inspiration to many which leads to successful business and has become successful through out the years. Steven S. Taylor talks about the masters of creating and selling. Through craft businesses has expanded and have become shops near traveller points selling through tradition of what the place was about and earning lots. “Human beings have always been masters of craft. We make things and some of those things we decorate to make them special) hand crafts have been a success through the years and as part of success within business. Creating a living through business and craft has become a way of bringing out culture following the traditions throughout the century.

The literature review has introduced many current research areas and areas on how craft and Design has changed life to many people. Through business, teaching and discovering. Many of the reviews have taught many ways of craft and design and the impact it has made to people through poor and rich area of the world. Craft and design created inspiration to young and old individual many people with disabilities have the ability to be creative.

The water or hydrologic cycle has to do with the way that “water moves through the land, ocean, and atmosphere in a continuous process”. The cycle has four major parts which allow said cycle to function and run. These parts are evaporation, transpiration, condensation and precipitation. Evaporation occurs when there is a transfer of water “molecules from a liquid to a gaseous state”. When water returns to land and water this is done through condensation which is the formation of liquid water from a gaseous state. Transpiration is when water vapor is lost as it moves “from the soil through green plants and exits through leaf pores”. Lastly, precipitation is when water is released from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet or even hail. It is important to note that with any scientific cycle there will be human impacts to said cycle. Categories of human impacts to the water cycle include changes to Earth’s surface, changes to Earth’s climate, atmospheric pollution, as well as, withdrawals for human use.

Changes to Earth’s surface are not limited to the loss of vegetation, taming rivers and wetlands, along with building impervious surfaces such as roads, buildings and parking lots. Loss of vegetation is bad because like with everything else, when something in a cycle is altered it has consequences for things that rely on it. Plants are kings so without them it affects the world around us in ways we wouldn’t even imagine possible. “In cleared forests and overgrazed land, plants do not intercept rainfall”. This is not good because it leads to water shifting creating runoff which we know is not a good thing. “Less infiltration leads to less groundwater recharge resulting in dry, barren, lifeless streambeds” which again is not good for the ecosystem and people dependent on the water source. As far as impervious surfaces go, they prevent infiltration and increase runoff which is not good for the ecosystem and organisms that deal with said runoff. Humans also affect the flow of surface water. This is done with the use of dams, levees, impervious surfaces, channelizing rivers, and vegetation removal. Although people use dams to “try to lower flood risks, they do cause ecological issues”. Dams keep and use surface water, but they ruin habitats surrounding them and change the flow of the river. Which is not good because then certain fish cannot swim upstream/downstream to return to the ocean which messes with the food web / food chain.

Earth’s climate is indeed warming due to the rise in greenhouse gases which also alters the water cycle. When the “climate is warmer it means that there was more evaporation from land surfaces, plants and water bodies”. While a wetter atmosphere means more frequent and heavier precipitation. Climate change also has impacts on water bodies due to warm water having greater volume. It’s important to note that a warmer ocean creates a higher sea level; along with melting glaciers turning water from ice to liquid eventually making its way into the ocean.

Not only is the Earth’s climate changing but we are seeing an increase of anthropogenic aerosols in the air. They are being seen in the form of “sulfates from sulfur dioxide in coal, carbon in soot and dust which are forming a brownish haze”.

Since aerosols promote the formation of smaller-than-normal droplets in the clouds, aerosols actually suppress rainfall where they occur in abundance, even though they encourage cloud formation. As they do so, the atmospheric cleansing that would normally clear the aerosols is suppressed, and they remain in the atmosphere longer than usual. With suppressed rainfall comes drier conditions, so more dust and smoke (and more aerosols) are the result.

Aerosols are a problem even if they are on a smaller scale compared to climate change as a whole. Due to climate change being an issue for everyone where aerosols are more local.

Withdrawal of water for human use is also a huge problem. Humans tend to overtake non-reusable resources water being included. “70 % of the water we use is used for irrigation purposes”. Furthermore, irrigation uses 80% of freshwater in the United States which is a whole lot of water. Developing countries are not as lucky to have clean fresh water for drinking; so they are forced to use contaminated water. This brings the argument in of whether bottled water is the answer for these unfortunate people. Bottle water is also harmful to the environment due to the amount of energy needed to produce and ship the water bottles; though bottled water is useful in emergency situations. It’s a catch 22, because nothing is ever going to be 100% good for the environment (sustainability) and good for humans – especially not if we keep overtaking like we currently do.

All of the human impacts are important and effect the water cycle, but the issue with climate change and human withdrawal are the two most prominent. This is because they are the two humans can do something to lessen the impacts for. We can do this by not using single use plastics as much as possible, eating local, using drip irrigation over flood irrigation. Lessening human impacts can also be achieved by creating more public policy that is put in place for fracking to try and limit this practice since it has the potential to contaminate drinking water.

Works Cited

• “Chapter 10 - Water: Hydrologic Cycle and Human Use.” Environmental Science Toward a Sustainable Future, by Richard T. Wright and Dorothy F. Boorse, Pearson, 2016, pp. 233–259.
• Williams, Jennifer. Chapter 10. October 2019, https://blackboard.stockton.edu/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent.jsp?course_id=_71899_1&content_id=_1769004_1. PowerPoint Presentation.
• “Description of the Hydrologic Cycle.” Northwest River Forecast Center (NWRFC), 22 Oct. 2002, www.nwrfc.noaa.gov/info/water_cycle/hydrology.cgi.

The specific purpose of this experiment is to inform students about to Mendel’s laws of genetics. To be more specific this lab dives into Mendel’s laws of segregation and Mandel’s law of independent assortment. At the end of this experiment, the students will be able to prove or disprove Mendel’s laws.

According to Cardinal, et.al, this experiment is important because it allowed Mendel to come up with the law of segregation and law of independent assortment (Cardinal, et. al., 2011). These laws have been taught to students since that time. Mendel’s experiments have given true data that proves the laws to be true. Our experiments included that same steps, so they had the same significance.

There are two specific hypotheses that come along with this experiment. 1. The experiment using the mung bean plants will follow the principle of segregation. 2. The experiment using the corn cobs will follow the principle of independent assortment.

The hypotheses are based on the information that was found in Mendel’s experiments that were done in the past. The main experiment that comes into play is Mendel’s pea plant experiment. The helped to explain the laws that Mendel had come up with.

Materials and Methods:

Materials:

• Corn Cob
• Mung Bean Plants
• Toothpick

Methods:

First, the students were shown an image of multiple mung bean plants, and they were asked to count the green plants and the white plants (separately). Once the students figured the correct number of green and white plants, many products were found (such as deviation, ratio, deviation2, chi, degree of freedom, and p value). The students then used the same steps to find all of these products for the corn cobs given to each of the groups. Students counted the number of purple smooth kernels, purple wrinkled kernels, yellow smooth kernels, and yellow wrinkled kernels. Once the all of the previously stated products (deviation, ratio, deviation2, chi, degree of freedom, and p value) were figured for the corn cobs, the students were instructed to create Punnett square that was used to find the percentages that will be given to each of the traits, along with the ratios comparing the genotypes, as well as the phenotypes (Stallsmith, 2014).

Math Behind all of the Answers/Products/Figures for the Mung Bean Plant Experiment:

Expected: Green = Total x .75 and White = Total x .25

Green = 152 x .75 = 114 White = 152 x .25 = 38

Deviation = Observed – Expected

Green: 123-114 = 9 White: 29-38 = -9

Ratio: observed / total x 100 = %

Green: 123 / 152 x 100 = 80.92% -> 80% White: 29 / 152 x 100 = 19.07% -> 20%

80:20

4:1

Deviation2 = d2

Green: 92 = 81 White: -92 = 81

Chi = deviation2 / expected

Green: 81 / 114 = 0.711 White: 81 / 38 = 2.132

Degree of Freedom = Total # of Variables – 1

(green + white)

2 – 1 = 1

p value = Based on Chi number and the graph given in the lab notebook manual

Based on the chi number/ p value, the hypothesis of the mung bean experiment is true. The quantitative data found while completing the second part of the experiment (corn cob) proves that the second hypothesis is also correct. The chi number and p value will give the ability to prove or disprove the hypothesis based on whether the deviations are insignificant or significant.

Discussion:

The text book gives thorough explanations for the two laws of genetics. It says that the law of segregation “states that two alleles for a heritable character segregate (separate from each other) during gamete formation and end up in different gametes” (Reece, 2016). This information explains that color difference within the mung bean plants. Two alleles will be split up, allowing for the plants to become either green or white. The text book also says that the law of independent assortment “states that two of more genes assort independently – that is, each pair of alleles segregates independently of any other paid of alleles – during gamete formation” (Reece, 2016). The definition of the law of independent assortment is great at explaining why the information from the corn cob experiment proves the hypothesis. The alleles are separated, and they go to the gametes randomly, causing there to be a difference in the coloring of the corn kernels.

The results do reflect the hypothesis. The figures/products found give proof that the p value will make the deviation insignificant. When the deviation is insignificant, the hypothesis is true.

All experiments can be done better then how the scientist (or students, in this case) performed it. One way that this experiment could have changed for the better is that the population of plants could have changed. A different type of plants could have definitely changed the results for the experiment. To be directly in line with Mendel, experimenters could make sure to use the exact same type of plant that Mendel used.

The experiments of Mendel, as well as the students in the course, have been able to prove the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment (Cardinal, et.al., 2011). The two laws are significant in the study of biology. They allow scientists to fully understand why the products will get certain genotypes/ alleles.

The poem Introduction to Poetry by Billy Collins is something that I can identify with on a personal level. Teachers often ask me to analyze poetry (especially in this class), and I don’t usually feel like I’m doing it the way that they want me too. I also really enjoyed this poem because of the vivid imagery and personification throughout. It kept the pace of the poem fast and made it really entertaining to read.

In the poem, the author describes how he would look at a poem to find its true meaning, and how he wants “them” to look at the poem he has presented to “them”. His description of his actions is very gentle and reminds me how one should treat a small child. He describes being physically gentle, but also being open-minded and learning from the poem. Then he talks about how “they” try to figure out the poem. In his description, it sounds like “they” are torturing the poem. I can identify more with the “they” in this poem than the author. I am not a huge fan of poetry and I often feel like there is a deeper meaning that I am missing. Even when someone explains a deeper meaning in a poem, I often still don’t truly understand and think that it would be much easier is we just wrote what we meant and left it at that. I think that the “they” in the poem was students of the author, which would explain even more so why I identify with them so strongly. (Also I’m sorry Mr. Bingham, you probably feel the same way that the author feels).

The imagery and personification in this poem were the main literary devices, but they were more than sufficient. Even though, as I stated above, I identify more with “them” and I think I treat poems more like “they” do, I still felt bad for the poem that was being abused and could see how the author’s method of analyzing and reading the poem was nicer and would yield a much deeper and more meaningful understanding of the poem. I really liked how the author talked about the poem like it was a person because I made it much easier to feel sorry for and care about the poem. The imagery really helped with this poem because the ideas were good, but the execution was what really made the poem memorable and interesting to read. If there had been very little imagery this poem would have been very bland and boring to read.

Overall, I liked this poem. I am not a huge fan of poetry and I often feel like it goes over my head so I identified strongly with the “they” who abused the poem. By using personification, the author was able to make the poem sympathetic. The imagery used played a large part in the poem being entertaining and not drab, as well as keeping the pace and really bringing the ideas behind the poem to life. I really liked this poem and I immediately identified with it.