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Enterprise architectures and integration are crucial for the public and private sector industries. Government should take part in development of an overall architecture that captures the activities of people, processes, and technologies and specifies how all these activities work with each other in a smooth and integrated manner. The architecture must be based on a strategic plan and explore a large number of people, process and technology issues for it to succeed.

Today’s modern enterprises, both in the public as well as private sector, represent networks of autonomous firms cooperating with each other to achieve some common business goals. In such a scenario in order to survive and thrive in the rapidly changing environment, a firm’s supply, production, logistics and distribution networks need to be designed in an integrated and flexible fashion to quickly respond to fluctuating market conditions and frequent mergers, acquisitions, and outsourcing operations. Hence, the three essential components of an enterprise can be categorized as Business strategies, applications, and IT infrastructure.

For example, a manufacturing company acquires multiple other companies with widely varying systems based on the different technologies and vintages, here an enterprise wide architecture is needed that makes the acquired and the existing systems work smoothly with each other.

Integrated enterprise architecture (IEA) will be a key tool for competitive advantage because it would smoothly inter-weave the IT operations with the business strategy that can be of great value to the organizational management.

Enterprise architecture (EA) shows various components of an enterprise, their activities, and their interfaces and interactions with each other.

An EA can help clarify and optimize the interdependencies and correlations among an organization’s business operations and the underlying IT infrastructure and applications supporting these operations

IEA promises many benefits like identifying existing resources, improving integration among resources, facilitating business process improvement, and creating speed and efficiency in meeting changing business requirements through IT.

To survive in the fierce competition, companies have embarked on streamlining initiatives to reduce product development and product delivery time. To meet this objective, some enterprise-wide integrated systems are needed:

• Procurement systems linking order processing with payment, shipping and inventory management
• Manufacturing systems that link suppliers, designers, product managers and production planners in a uniform fashion.
• Customer support systems that link customer service with marketing, sales and customer relationship management.
• Health information networks linking hospitals, doctors, pharmacies and health insurance corporations
• Supply chain management systems linking several suppliers with the material requirement planning (MRP) systems of consumers.

A Man for All Seasons, written by Robert Bolt, is known for the illustration of opposing ideologies and the subjective views of morality. In 'A Man for All Seasons' integrity and corruption are overarching themes which are involved in the development of the play's characters. The conflict between theses two ideas are illustrated as Bolt presents integrity in the form of Thomas More, a lawyer who seeks to preserve his 'soul' while maintaining his invariant opinion of the state concerning the affairs of the royal marriage. While More represents integrity, the society in the form of the other characters in the play are More's foil. The characters being portrayed as the foil of More represent the corruption of the society, being the ones who are opportunistic and expedient in their actions, further providing the conflict with More's integrity in the process.

During the beginning of the play the conflict between integrity and corruption is introduced by More's interaction with Wolsey about the politics of the Marriage of King Henry VIII. The conflict is presented as Wolsey discusses with More how they "might influence His Holiness's answer". Using the euphemism "influence" a connotation of discrete corruption is created emphasizing the idea that even within high authorities, Wolsey being The Lord Chancellor of England, corruption is present. This idea of corruption being exchanged to More, More rebuttals him by stating that "when a statesmen forsake their own private conscience...they lead their country...into chaos", emphasizing the conflict between ideology, creating a mood of opposition between them, developing their characters. Using this interaction of ideological differences the mood, being opposition between integrity and corruption, is enhanced.

The idea of integrity and corruption is further developed in the scene where Richard Rich is compelled to follow in the footsteps of More and seeks employment from him. Asking for employment outside More's Chelsea home More denies his request once again and tells him to "become a teacher," so that he won't be tempted taking bribes. This interaction is key in that it illustrates how More, as he has been commonly encountered offerings of bribes of great value from his clients, realizes that Richard Rich has the potential to be tempted in these offerings. This is key as it shows with great effect how corruption is widespread in More's society. Emphasizing the idea of corruption with bribes More gives Rich a silver cup discussing how such an event occurs often, after which More asks "are you going to sell it?" testing this point further closing the interaction between them as Rich says "yes". This discussion of overcoming corruption is foiled by Rich's later statement in the play where he admits that "every man has his price," showing how corruption is rampant in their society. Using this conflict Bolt continues to explore the ideas of integrity and corruption, especially by what means people present themselves with integrity but truly are governed by expediency; corruption.

Using ideological invariance as a technique in the play Bolt achieves the development of both integrity and corruption. This invariance is taken as the primary cause of the conflict between Thomas More and King Henry VIII when they both speak at More's residence in Chelsea about the King's divorce and remarriage. This clash is demonstrated as More maintains his integrity and advances carefully when he opposes the king, this act being demonstrated clearly as he repeats "your grace" with his opinions, showing in the process his submission to the higher authority, King Henry VIII. Creating a rift between integrity and the King, the King shows his expediency, his self-preservation as he adamantly states that he will have "no opposition" trying to sway More into helping him in his cause, being one of persuading the Pope to allow the divorce, and the marriage with Anne Boleyn. Using this idea of undeniable control by the King, Bolt further emphasizes how corruption in the form of machiavellianism was present in the rule of the society's authority in that era.

Towards the closing of 'A Man for All Seasons', being the death of the main character, More expresses the divide between integrity and corruption when speaking to his family. Bolt uses More to achieve this effect in that More states with acknowledgment how the prison cell is "like any other place", in that it contains people whose influence is suppressed by authority. This idea is further emphasized by the river by which the cell is adjacent to as it represents "one's self" as More says, emphasizing the idea of how the water is compelled to travel in a certain direction, as a collective representing the people of the society and the water banks as their authority being a metaphor of King Henry VIII, controlling the people's path in life. Robert Bolt finalizing the play using this water metaphor creates a great atmosphere of the idea social expectation, elaborating on how such expectations begin with the head of state.

It can be noted that Robert Bolt explores many ideas and themes in "A Man for All Seasons" and integrity and corruption is no exception. Exploring integrity and corruption, which are foils to each other prove to be great in developing characters and atmosphere in 'A Man for All Seasons'. It can also be acknowledged that in this exploration of these two themes that although More is presented as the one with the most integrity, keeping his opinions until the end, being 'man for all seasons', he himself displays great expediency in that he is primarily concerned in his self-preservation and his self-salvation of his 'soul' against his own family, who "sits in the dark" as they have "no candles".

Integrity is a vital quality to possess as a human. In our society today, many choose to throw away their integrity and honesty and instead look towards deception and dishonesty. Different essays on integrity and honesty defines these characteristics as one of the most important qualities to have in order to be seen as an honest individual that people can look up to and trust. Through honesty and trust you are able to maintain healthy relationships between others, and most importantly you are able to be true to yourself. 

A time my own integrity was tested was when I was still employed at my last job, Starbucks. My day started off as any other normal day. I got up at 6:45 am, got ready, and went to school. As usual, school ended at 2 pm and my shift started at 4 pm. My role at Starbucks was a barista, and my duty besides making coffee was to always put customers first and make sure they are satisfied and treated fairly in the store. As I was taking orders, and my co-worker was completing them, I noticed a man get in the back of the line. He looked kind of lost and in his own world, but I didn't think much of it and kept working the line. As the line got smaller, the man approached me, but for some reason my co-worker got uneasy. As I started to speak to the man he did not show any sign that he understood me. I then realized he was deaf and could not communicate to me. It was my first time meeting this deaf man, but my co-worker had obviously met him before because he immediately expressed great dislike in the situation. My co-worker has dealt with him before but is also agitated because he always comes in and he can never communicate with him, according to my co-worker at the time. My co-worker kept telling me to just let him be and don't try to help him but I knew that was the wrong thing to do. I immediately got out my phone and opened the notes section and handed it to the deaf man for him to type his request, but he refused. I was a bit shocked as to why he refused to type on it but I didn't give up and grabbed a notepad and a pen. The deaf man grabbed the pen and pad and wrote away while my co-worker was yelling at me to leave him alone and let him leave. I calmly told my co-worker that he should go to the back room and relax while I handled the situation because I wanted to help the deaf man out. I knew that if I just left him there, he would feel betrayed by me and leaving him with no help would be against my morals and integrity. Thankfully, customers didn't come during my interaction and I was able to help the deaf man. It turned out he wanted directions to a local supermarket, which I was able to show him by pointing and google maps. Seeing him shake my hand and walking out of the door smiling left a painted picture in my head forever. 

I feel proud due to what I did, being able to block out my rude co-worker and instead use integrity and choose to do the right thing by helping the deaf man out. Even though I've never interacted with him, or any deaf person before in my life, it felt good to accomplish something like this. This greatly impacted the deaf man because I showed him kindness while others, like my co-worker, did not. This showed him that people still care about him and are willing to help no matter his circumstances. Being able to look past my co-workers dislike and the deaf man's circumstances really shaped my character because it really showed my morals and who I am. It strengthened my beliefs in helping people in the right times no matter if someone else dislikes what I am doing. I had to choose between satisfying my co-worker for 1 minute or brightening a man's day who was lost. 

My honesty and integrity have lead me to be the person I am today. With interactions I have like this one, it greatly teaches and reminds me to keep doing what I am doing when I know it is right. Choosing to do the right thing is what my mortals are all about, and whenever I follow my morals it shapes my character and strengthens my integrity to keep doing what is right over and over again. The only thing I regret from my interaction that day was I never got the man's name.

The dictionary definition of integrity is “The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.” In my opinion, definitions were never good for anything except writing essays. Ultimately, we have to integrate these definitions into our lives before they become useful. Personally, I would take the definition of integrity one step further: it’s the quality of being honest when no one’s looking and having strong moral principles when you’re the only one holding yourself accountable. What does it mean to be held accountable? Webster’s Dictionary defines “accountable” as “subject to having to report, explain or justify; being answerable or responsible.” When I hear “subject to” I think it implies little choice in the matter. I believe accountability is viewed as a consequence for poor performance and that it is a principle you should fear because it can only end up hurting you.

After all, when things are sailing along smoothly, people rarely ask “who is accountable for this success?” when you assume full responsibility and accountability for your thoughts, actions, feelings, and results you can almost direct your own destiny. Otherwise someone or something else will. To me, the real value of accountability or integrity comes from the ability to influence outcomes before they even happen. If we are more accountable for our actions and thought about the consequences we could receive, we all most definitely would have done something to change a mistake while also always trying to influence our fellow shipmates to do the same. I think in the military you are in a culture where accountability, admitting our mistakes and especially learning from them is absolutely critical to us in life and in the Navy. It does not mean you are nearing perfection as a human being, but rather that you can be trusted with words and deeds. Doing the right thing because it is the right thing to do? Of course. If you are described by others as a person of integrity, would it also follow that you have high character? Yes, absolutely. It takes having the courage to do the right thing, no matter what the consequences will be. Building a reputation of integrity takes years, but it takes only a second to lose, so never allow yourself to ever do anything that would damage your integrity. We live in a world where integrity isn’t talked about nearly enough. We live in a world where “the end justifies the means” has become an acceptable school of thought for far too many. Now think of groups of people who are presumed to have integrity. Judges, doctors, military officers, and presidents come to mind. True, we can point to examples in each of the preceding groups of dishonest, immoral, and perhaps even criminal behavior. As with any group—business, politics, sports, education, journalism, etc.—we don’t need to search far and wide to discover similar failings. Indeed, it is our human nature to err.

I’ve had many successes and shortcomings with integrity in my life. I’ve also been very blessed to have had many great mentors in my life and see incredible displays of integrity; all of them examples I strive to live up to.

One of the biggest examples of integrity to me, happens to be one of the greatest wide receivers of all time. On January 23rd, 1989, The San Francisco 49ers has just won Super Bowl XXIII the previous day. Steve Young, the backup quarterback shadowing the great Joe Montana at the time, reports to the team facilities to take care of some end of post-season business. The place is a ghost town, apart from a few in the front office. Most of the team is either spending time with their families, relaxing, recovering from their night of partying, or a combination of the aforementioned. Young looks out to the team’s practice field. He sees Jerry Rice, the infamous number 80. The kid from Crawford, Mississippi who went from catching and laying bricks, working masonry with his father, to catching touchdown passes on the biggest sports stage in the world. Here he is now; the day after winning the Super Bowl out on the practice field again, running routes and perfecting his craft. Rice was honest with himself; he was honest with the fact that his incredible abilities as an athlete came from holding himself accountable, at all times, for his performance. He put in the work to be great. In addition, Rice wasn’t out there practicing because he believed he was going to receive some sort of adulation, additional compensation or congratulations for being out there, grinding after an incredible victory. He was out there because that’s who he was, regardless of who was watching or holding him accountable; he held himself accountable. This small anecdotal story is an example of the sort of integrity that I strive to emulate..

Integrity stems from the Latin word ‘integer’ which means whole and compete. So integrity requires an inner sense of wholeness and consistency of character. When you are in integrity, people should be able to visibly see it through your actions, words, decisions, methods, and outcomes. When you’re “whole” and consistent, there is only one you. You bring the same “you” wherever you are, regardless of the circumstance. You don’t leave parts of yourself behind. You don’t have a ‘work you,’ a ‘family you,’ and a ‘social you.’ Sometimes, we don’t give ourselves permission to be our true selves out of fear of what other people think or due to an inability to truly ‘integrate’ the various parts of ourselves into on, complete whole person.

Michelle Obama said that over the course of our lives, “we learn [a lot] about honesty and integrity […] that [we] don’t take shortcuts or play by [our] own set of rules”. Unfortunately, I have tried to take shortcuts at times in my life. And every once in a while, I’ve even tried to play by my own set of rules. August of this year, I took a shortcut. I took the easy way, the path of least resistance. I couldn’t be bothered to conduct a full, inspection-ready clean on an M240B so instead, I did a basic field clean to ensure that the weapon would be properly functioning when I needed it next; whenever the call went up for our next convoy operation. I set my standard for myself too low; integrity was lacking. This definitely goes on the scoreboard as one of my failures.

I’m only human and mistakes and failures are inevitable; there’s certainly the potential to reduce them, but they’ll always be there as long as I’m being honest and some form of self-reflection and introspection exists. I’m working towards turning my failures and my shortcomings into my future success. Failures are always rich with material that we can learn from. Failures aren’t a dead end; they’re a speed bump. What allows me to grow is how I approach and move on from my failures. While I don’t allow failures to remain in my blind spot, uninvestigated, I also don’t dwell on them unnecessarily and allow them to shake my confidence or destroy my motivation for future endeavors. There are two lessons that currently come to mind from my most recent failure with integrity. The first is that I need to always hold myself to a higher standard. I should always go above and beyond both what others expect of me and what I know to be the bare minimum needed to accomplish a given task. Every day we are afforded the opportunity to make decisions for ourselves. These decisions will dictate the directions of our lives and determine whether our lives will be something meaningful or a complete waste of time. Approaching tasks and challenges in life with the bare minimum in mind is not likely to lead to a meaningful or purposeful life. The second lesson that I’ve learned is that if, over the course of my career, I ever receive orders that are not perfectly clear to me I need to seek clarification. And if clarification is not available, I need to go absolutely above and beyond what the standard is that has been set out.

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While I work to minimize the failures and shortcomings in my life and look forward to celebrating the victories, I know that as long as I’m human mistakes are bound to happen. I only hope that I can continue to learn from my mistakes; while they hold me back, temporarily, and create more work for me, I know that they are full of lessons that will serve me for the remainder for my career and life. I wholeheartedly agree with General George S. Patton when he said, “I don’t measure a man’s success by how high he climbs but how high he bounces when he hits bottom”.

Works Cited

1. Covey, S. R. (1999). The 7 habits of highly effective people: powerful lessons in personal change. Simon and Schuster.
2. Lickona, T. (1993). The return of character education. Educational Leadership, 51(3), 6-11.
3. Seligman, M. E. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Simon and Schuster.
4. Chugh, D., & Kern, M. C. (2016). Behavioral ethics and teaching ethical decision making: A review and pedagogical recommendations. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 15(4), 585-608.
5. Ciulla, J. B. (1995). Leadership ethics: Mapping the territory. Business Ethics Quarterly, 5(1), 5-28.
6. Treviño, L. K., Weaver, G. R., & Reynolds, S. J. (2006). Behavioral ethics in organizations: A review. Journal of management, 32(6), 951-990.
7. Simons, T., & Roberson, Q. M. (2003). Why managers should care about fairness: The effects of aggregate justice perceptions on organizational outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 432-443.
8. Kidder, R. M. (2005). Moral courage. HarperCollins.
9. De Cremer, D., & van Lange, P. A. (2001). Why prosocials exhibit greater cooperation than proselfs: The roles of social responsibility and reciprocity. European Journal of Personality, 15(S1), S5-S18.
10. Stone, D. L., & Stone, D. L. (2009). Difficult conversations: How to discuss what matters most. Penguin.

This issue has been investigated by the social scientific study of aging that there is a significant relationship among aging and successful adaptation which it defines as morale, life satisfaction or well-being. A successful life is not determined in their achievements but by how they feel grateful about what they have done no matter if it’s big or little. In addition, life satisfaction is variously regarded as the main component of having a worthy living, if they feel satisfied they are never afraid of what will happen next.

Successful aging can be perceived as a flavor to have a meaningful drive and the circumstances are the foundation that leads to a healthy adulthood life. It also be implied as both outcome and a process. It’s either you feel worried or gratified if you take a long process although the idea is still a blank vision. Hence, the lives of the elderly are associated with various factors such as social, economic, and family matters. These factors can be influential in raising their life satisfaction and how they perceive things around them. Based on the studies show that the health of the elderly would probably depend on how they execute their daily life, it contributed on their personal growth as an individual. Taking care of them should be one of the initial steps to making them feel that there will be someone who stays with them together. Physical aging is part of everyone’s chapter and no one is excused or even exempted to this phenomenon; aging is inevitable. In this stage, older people are aggressively working on their personal wants and needs.

Building a connection in any form of relationship is really vital for the elderly for them to grow in different ways, they can express themselves as who really they are. One of the reasons why there are consequences of not meeting developmental challenges included stagnation and emotional despair. When people don’t get what they want it tends to make them feel that something is incomplete and the feeling of regrets takes place into oneself. In other points, the totality of human beings are probably be affected.

In several recent theories emphasize that the impact of an aging population on the economic aspects has its negative outcome, particularly in the labor power of the elderly. However, in this issue, they believe that the world has facing various conflicts and it need have a serious act of solidarity to practice the right and voice of the elderly. One of these is the health change to outlive better quality because discrimination among aging people is rampant. Then, in the aging process positive self-evaluation is related with increasing the quality of life and longevity. They come up with the idea of life satisfaction is subjective, everyone has its own perception and it differs among various cultures, so respect one another.

Using the data from the Philippines Longitudinal Study of Aging 2007 presents the current status of the elders’ situation in the country wherein he results shows that successful aging, as defined in the Philippines context, is composed of the following domains that affect their everyday routine which includes functional health, engagement with life, absence of pain and weakening conditions and maintenance of vision and hearing. Thus, aging among Filipinos examining the relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction has the highest probability of being satisfied regardless of their socioeconomic status, and way of living and there are several significant differences in their gender as a result in the study.

Based on the data from a large, representative national sample, this article replicates some earlier analyses regarding life satisfaction and old age. This found out that persons over age 65 were found to be only slightly less satisfied with their lives than persons aged 40 to 54 and 55 to 64. These reasons are because of poor health conditions, companionship, and financial problems are the strongest correlates of life satisfaction across age groups. The negative correlation between age and satisfaction must control these three factors to fewer conflicts. This also has a relative strength of a number of possible predictors of life satisfaction within different age groups among the elderly.

Furthermore, Rowe and Kahn, the authors believe that social support is demanded in upholding a healthy aging lifestyle, and in that he presented these reasons which hinder to adulthood to attain a kind of life they want to be, one of the factors is the isolation that may bring the risk that leads to poor health; social support – such as emotive sense, physical, and personal contact can give a progressive impact on elders health status; social support can buffer or reduce some health-related effects of aging and it really helps protect to be stress -free. This addresses factors that are unbeneficial which hold to have a flourishing life instead. The authors believe that it’s never too late to reverse bad side health habits into a more healthy way of living.

A review of recent research provides a new concept that can be added to the idea of Erik Erikson's theory. The stage of integrity versus despair is one of the most challenging parts of being in adulthood stage. This chapter of older people tests their potential in survival, to resist in a relationship and environmental atmosphere. It has a particular implication to them which includes various changes, particularly in their mental behavior and attitude.

Generally, occurring in old age involves conflicts if those individuals fall to despair, they are alarmed in too little time left to achieve what goals they have. The knowledge of life is realized through experiences. The present study attempted to demonstrate the validity of ego integrity and despair as opposing attributes in the elderly‘s attitude as they get old and to provide support for this theory. The Elderly wants to have enjoyable retentions as much as possible, time should be well spent not to experience despair, and in fact, ego integrity is a crucial component of life satisfaction because it’s a matter of reflecting on one’s self. The older adults are the ones who feel content with their life experiences, a feeling of completeness and gratitude is said to be a fulfilled life, when a person is not complaining and asking for anymore and beyond.

Several explanations and definitions of life satisfaction can be observed as it is not an easy to understand notion because it has not exact meaning and each life is totally different among anyone else, each can give meaning to their own life. In the idea of Summer, 1966 he says the life satisfaction is a positive evaluation of the conditions of your life in which requires balance and measures up favorably against standards and expectations.

Whereupon, according to Andrew 1974, he points out that the life satisfaction of adulthood is all about forming a good outcome from personal experiences that help them to become even better despite what they went out through the journey of being in that stage of their life. In recent research conducted life satisfaction is probably determined on the degree of having a positive emotion experienced, the trait that someone should have is a bright outlook in life.

Research points out that there are individual differences on how the meaning of life is to one’s sense of well-being. The determinants of well-being and life satisfaction are highly individualized and personalized, it is depending on their values and orientation.

Similarly, in the idea of Ashton,1974, reported interactions between race, age, and life satisfaction across age groups. Studies concerning the influence of sex on life satisfaction have reported inconsistent findings. In a study averaging thirty years of age, men perceived themselves to be happier than women. Then, Spretzer and Snyder, 1974 found out that there’s a slight correlation between sex and life satisfaction, but with an interesting interaction between age, sex, and life satisfaction. Women, up to age 65 have higher rates of life satisfaction than men after age 65 men were more likely than women to have higher levels of life satisfaction, this belief that he age among them affects due to certain needs. Hence, according to Clemente et. al,1976, the aging of man and women have found no difference in satisfaction by sex.

Numerous studies have explained in their documents that the enhancements in psychological welfare across life-span, in the face of the incapability due to the declining of their age as well as their physical and cognitive state threats. Moreover, to describe various facets of successful aging is continually growing to be aware on healthy strategies and promote well-being. Physical limitations at their age is said to be successful aging already.

Lifestyle factors are associated in successful aging and these will be the components of one’s life as what Bosnes et. al, 2019 stated. A recent study found out that older people’s plan and wishes for successful aging are related to activities, engagement with life, and health. No doubt, that this would be a lifetime process may be the life of every individual has successful aging at one point in their lives but not the same with others. Understanding older adults' beliefs about successful aging can be a valuable tool for the provision of support to elders engaged in this process (Buchanan, 2016).

Importantly, Rowe and Kahn, 1998 acknowledged successful aging in two different factors which he discussed the genetic and extrinsic lifestyle factors. His idea are both concerned in psychosocial aspects of aging that simply help to view it clearly as a focusing dilemma.

The research found out that older adults have the capacity of composing their emotional power control and emotional constancy. The elderly have greater impulse control primarily because they can use of more efficacy coping strategies. In fact, agreeing with Park et al., 1999 he believes that older people are able to change their behavior on their own. In contrast, it’s also possible that older adults see fewer opportunities for change on the belief that their efforts to change will have less positive outcomes. However, when people seek for opportunities, the need for change is constant through life happens in a way that they improve themselves. Such attitudes have a profound effect on well-being throughout the lifespan. It’s said that whether older people are more or less likely than younger one to initiate change but it’s clear that aging often entails making a change if they can have it and their freedom to live to enable them to achieve their purpose as their ultimate destination.

Different research findings on stability and change in life satisfaction with aging have yielded inconsistent views because at approaches used in measuring this construct and in quantifying its change, particularly in their exhibited behaviors and style of life acquired from the elderly. This study assumed that there’s a relationship between having a fulfilled life as the age changes. In regards to this, unsatisfied aging affects their behavior and well-being and fails to achieve personal motives resulting in a feeling of despair. The aging process is both creating blissful moments or in a point that adult people tend to feel worried about themselves because of unfulfilled desires.

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Succeeding this assumption, the older people getting on aging are the ones who make double time to uplift their potential to meet a bundle of possibilities. Lifestyle is one of the factors which contributes in attaining healthy and successful aging. Thus, this investigation gives much attention on discovering if the elderly still have an interest to look out for their source of happiness or keeping up to believe that it’s t too late enough to do much. Lastly, this study seeks to understand adulthood lifestyle, growth, and learnings in having a satisfied milestone.

Table of contents

1. Intel
2. Outlook
3. Review

Intel

There are a lot of important people, and technologies that influenced the development of the PC but I selected the Intel Corporation with its contribution of the microprocessor. It was in 1958 that Bob Noyce, Gordon Moore and six other ex employees of Fairchild Semiconductor came up with the idea of the microprossor and to start up their own company. "One year later Noyce patented a planar process for coating a layer of oxide over silicon, which then led to the invention of the integrated circuit, it was a type of a microprocessor that made the computers a little faster."-cnn money

Nine years later, in 1968, Noyce and Moore approached the venture capitalist (people who lend money to start up new companies) Arthur Rock who within two days arranged $2.5m to start a new company they were to call Intel. Bob Noyce typed himself a one page idea of what he wanted to do with his new company, and that was enough to convince San Francisco venture capitalist Art Rock to back Noyce's and Moore's new idea. Rock raised, like I said before $2.5 million dollars in less than 2 days. The name "Moore Noyce" was already trademarked by a hotel chain, so the two founders decided upon the name "Intel" for their new company, a shortened version of "Integrated Electronics".

Intel's first money making product was the 3101 Schottky bipolar 64-bit static random access memory (SRAM) chip. In late 1969, a potential client from Japan called Busicom, asked to have twelve custom chips designed. That my friends was a big contract for the Intel Corp.. Without a doubt, Intel is the market leader of the microprocessing world. It has greater than an 80% share of the PC microprocessor market products.

From its debut in 1968 by Bob Noyce and Gordon Moore, Intel has grown to employ more than 70,000 employees worldwide with revenues greater than $30 billion a year and is estimated to be worth a lot of mula.

In conclusion, the Intel Corporation is Financially wealthy and successful not only thanks to the smart scientist who came up with the corporation and who invented the micro-chips but also to the contracts they got over all they PC companies around, for example Dell, Sony, Gateway, ect..

Outlook

My company today is very successful in the business world of today. Its said by the senior editor of Forbes, "...the Intel company, represents the skies.." my guess is that skies is the limit. Though Financially stable as they are, like everyone else they have their ups and downs in the stock market. According to "CNN-Money" they said, "Demand for notebooks and servers should fuel Intel's results going forward, according to Lau. Intel launched its Centrino chipset for wireless notebooks in March and the company has said that sales have been strong.." Having say that as my support that Intel is a company not to be messed with. My guess that in the future this company not only will it be successful, but it will be recognize in every corner of the world within the next ten years. This company I think will still be doing good in its revenues and its company just like its doing today.

This assignment like I said before I would recommend this stock to other students. Why? Well because, all of these companies are unpredictable. They could be in good points of week and the next week it could drop drastically, it makes it interesting learning about this business. The company that Im doing the research on shouldn't do anything else different. The way they are managing their company is spectacular. They are on the top of their business game. Like I've written before the Microprosser Intel company has more than a 80% share of all the microprosser chip companies out there. In my point of view I think that the only thing that could effect the company is only if they came across a financial crisis and had to go bankrupt or maybe the Computer manufacturers might just all decide to go to a different microprosser company all at the same time. Though I doubt anything like would happen, I don't think anything could affect the company.

Review

By following this company and watching its stocks has helped me a lot in understanding the way our economy works today. I know that If one has a dream to start a new company knowing how the business and economy works, I think that person could have a chance in the market. Though I know I followed this Corporation for a 6 month period I think I actually would recommend this assignment to another fellow student. I think It would help him/her understand not only how our economy works but how greedy everybody is. Its all about money, greed, and capitalization. Sure some people are in it to make a difference but that's up to them/student to decide. I didn't really dislike anything about this assignment, though It was quite long. But I'll tell you this, before this assingment I didn't have any comprehension what so ever about the stocks, or any of the history of this corporation . And still I don't know a lot about how this market thing works but I'll tell you this, I know enough to choose my company in the stock market because I know it will be successful, unlike Enron and other companies that have fallen.

Table of contents

2. Introduction
3. Conclusion

It was indeed an oppo?tunity fo? me to visit “Amity Unive?sity of O?ganic ag?icultu?e” and p?epa?e a p?oject ?epo?t on the same du?ing the p?og?amme BSc. Ag?icultu?e and Food Business (Sem.III). I have lea?nt many inte?esting things about this topic, which is based on seconda?y info?mation, ?equi?es data gathe?ing f?om many sou?ces such as websites, ?epo?ts and othe? books. I am thankful to D?. Deepshikha Thaku? who allowed and helped to p?epa?e the ?epo?t. I am also thankful to the HOI mam, who p?ovided me the ?equi?ed info?mation. Mo?eove? I am thankful to each and eve?y one who suppo?ted and assisted me in p?epa?ing this ?epo?t. I would like to exp?ess my g?atitude to

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D?. Naleeni Ramawat (DIRECTOR)

D?. Deepak Rameshwa? Sapkal (GUIDE) and othe? faculty membe?s of the institution fo? thei? valuable guidance.

Introduction

Intellectual P?ope?ty (IP) is a catego?y that includes intangible c?eations of the human intellect, and p?ima?ily encompasses Copy?ights, Patents, and T?adema?ks.

It also includes othe? types of ?ights such as t?ade sec?ets, publicity ?ights, mo?al ?ights, and ?ights against Unfai? Competition.

Wo?ld Intellectual P?ope?ty Day 26 Ap?il

WIPO (Wo?ld Intellectual P?ope?ty O?ganization) was established by WIPO convention in 1967.

The WIPO is a specialized agency of United Nations, its headqua?te?s a?e in Geneva (Switze?land).

The main pu?pose of intellectual p?ope?ty law is to encou?age the c?eation of a la?ge va?iety of intellectual goods.

The law gives people and businesses p?ope?ty ?ights to the info?mation.

The?e a?e many intellectual fi?ms and small Intellectual P?ope?ty law fi?ms wo?ldwide, like in India, USA, UK, Chicago, p?oviding qualitative help to Invento?s and C?eato?s of p?oduct.

Main pu?pose of Intellectual P?ope?ty law is to encou?age the c?eation of a wide va?iety of intellectual goods fo? Consume?s.

IP law deals with the ?ules fo? secu?ing and enfo?cing legal ?ights to inventions, designs, and a?tistic wo?ks. Just as the law p?otects owne?ship of pe?sonal p?ope?ty and ?eal estate, so too does it p?otect the cont?ol of intangible assets.

What is “Intellectual P?ope?ty”?

Intellectual P?ope?ty is a p?ope?ty that a?ises f?om the Human intellect.

IP comp?ises 2 distinct fo?ms:

1. Lite?a?y & A?tistic Wo?ks
2. Indust?ial P?ope?ty

This includes books, paintings, musical compositions, plays, movies, ?adio/ tv p?og?ams, pe?fo?mances, & othe? a?tistic wo?ks.

How a?e they P?otected?

P?otected by “COPYRIGHT”.

The exclusive and assignable legal ?ight, given to the o?iginato? fo? a fixed numbe? of yea?s, to p?int, publish, pe?fo?m, film, o? ?eco?d lite?a?y, a?tistic, o? musical mate?ial.

How to get copy?ight pe?mission?

1. Dete?mine if pe?mission is needed.
2. Identify the owne? and the ?ights needed.
3. Plan Ahead fo? Pe?mission.
4. Contact the owne? and negotiate whethe? payment is ?equi?ed.
5. Get you? pe?mission ag?eement inw?iting.

It desc?ibes physical matte? that is the p?oduct of an idea o? concept fo? comme?cial pu?poses.

How a?e they P?otected?

a) by Patented objects

b) by T?adema?ks

c) by Indust?ial designs

d) by T?ade sec?ets

e) by T?ade d?ess

2. Pu?ely a?tistic wo?ks.

3. A symbol, logo, wo?d, sound, colo?, design, etc.A patent is a fo?m of ?ight g?anted by the gove?nment to an invento? that by law allows the patent holde? to exclude othe?s f?om making, using, selling, o? impo?ting the p?otected invention fo? a limited pe?iod of time.

The ?efusal of the patent in one count?y does not mean that it will be te?minated in all the count?ies.

It is cove?ed unde? the Act called the Patents Act, 1970 [Amended by Patents Act, 2005].

Invention Patentable If

1. New
2. Useful
3. Not Obvious
4. Pe?tains to patentable subject
5. Matte?

A t?adema?k is a ?ecognizable sign, design, o? exp?ession which identifies P?oducts o? Se?vices of a pa?ticula? sou?ce f?om those of othe?s.

A t?adema?k may be located on a package, a label, a vouche?, o? on the p?oduct itself.

It is cove?ed unde? the Act called the T?ade Ma?ks Act, 1999. It is an Act to amend and consolidate the law ?elating to t?ade ma?ks, to p?ovide fo? ?egist?ation and bette? p?otection of t?ade ma?ks fo? Goods and Se?vices.

a) Industrial designs

It is a fo?m of intellectual p?ope?ty ?ight, these ?ights p?otect the visual design of objects.

Indust?ial design is a p?ocess of design applied to p?oducts that a?e to be manufactu?ed th?ough techniques of mass p?oduction.

An indust?ial design consists of the c?eation of a shape, configu?ation o? composition of patte?n o? colo?, containing Aesthetic Value.

An iPod, an indust?ially designed p?oduct.

b) Trade secrets & Trade dress

T?ade sec?et is a fo?mula, p?actice, p?ocess, design, inst?ument, patte?n, info?mation which is not gene?ally known o? ?easonably asce?tainable, by which a business can obtain an economic advantage ove? Competito?s and Custome?s.

Each business must take measu?es to gua?d its own T?ade sec?ets.

T?ade d?ess is a legal te?m of a?t that gene?ally ?efe?s to cha?acte?istics of the visual and aesthetic appea?ance of a p?oduct o? its packaging (o? even the design of a building) that signify the sou?ce of the p?oduct to consume?s.

?egist?ation with the U.S. Gove?nment is good fo? 10 yea?s and may be ?enewed fo? successive 10 yea? pe?iods again as long as the T?ade D?ess is still being used.

Intellectual property infringement is the inf?ingement o? violation of an intellectual p?ope?ty ?ights. The?e a?e seve?al types of intellectual p?ope?ty ?ights, such as copy?ights, patents, and t?adema?ks. The?efo?e an intellectual p?ope?ty inf?ingement may fo? instance be a:

a) Copy?ight inf?ingement

b) Patent inf?ingement

c) T?adema?k inf?ingement

Designing a?ound a patent may in some cases constitute a way to avoid inf?ingement it.

Conclusion

Registe?ing patents, t?adema?ks and designs p?otects them f?om being copied and gives the owne?’s business a Competitive advantage.

Technological advancement made the job of c?eato? easy and also made the job of COPY-e? easy.

Do not use competito?’s ma?k in such a way that it ha?ms competito? in Unfai? Way.

Problem Statement

In Kenyan roads accidents are at alarming rate since death rate stands at 3000 per year which arises due to human error. This brings the need to reduce the problem and provide reliable information on the condition of our Kenyan roads and parameters on the vehicle more so other factors such as environmental that would play a major factor in reducing accidents and save time and life.

Mobility and transportation is the engine that enhances economic growth of a country. This comes as a result of things like congestion, accessibility and road safety problems. Due to the increase in population and mobility incremental of a country, where it’s more common in the third world countries, demand for infrastructure is very high due to financial constraints and also human resource constraints.

Increasing in population gives rise to congestions around the country hence limiting urban mobility and contributing to unsustainable environmental, economic, and social conditions that are inexistence. The idea of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) which involve application of computing and electronics approach in technology offers better option for eliminating the effects of traffic congestion which directly include impacts on road efficiency, the environment, safety, and cost.

Justification

Intelligent Transport System (ITS) involves a broad range of wireless and wired communications and electronics technologies which among the most promising methods in dealing with the traffic congestion problems in the transport sector. Since some key information is readily obtained using the existing traffic information, for analysis and management of traffic information remains some of the key issues and deeper information are difficult to discover. This deeper level information usually has very huge volumes of data and our inability to capture important information techniques used universally. The intelligent transport system (ITS) would help in meeting the challenges by providing motorists in real time effective, reliable and meaningful knowledge hence traffic congestions, dangerous environments and safety can be solved through modern innovative and technological ways and techniques using information technology, and telecommunication systems hand in hand with roads and traffic management techniques. When applied in the transport infrastructure system and in the vehicles, it can ease in monitoring and traffic flow management; hence provide alternative routes to drivers as a result reduce congestions on our roads and increasing productivity by saving time and money and also safe life as well. Intelligent transport system provides skilled information tools for transport professionals where they can collect, analyze and archive the data and through the data response time to incidences, adverse weather conditions can be handled with ease.

The Reflective journal is a way of recording ideas, own perceptions, and experiences, as well as persuasions and understandings one has in the process of learning over a period of time. The benefits of the reflective learning process are usually accrued over a period of time, in which there will be sequences of progressive changes, personal growth, and changes in the outlook during the process of learning. Reflective Journal helps in vigorous learning and it also improves critical thinking and creativity. It helps to freely express one’s own perception and judge oneself. John Dewy stated that 'we do not learn from experience…we learn from reflecting our experiences.

This assignment consists of about three clinical issues that helped me to upgrade my knowledge and skills in the clinical area. For elaborating on my clinical issues, I am using Gibbs's reflective cycle. I choose it because it encouraged me to think systematically about the phases of my experience and the evaluation phase made me think about the positive side of my improvement. Professor Graham Gibbs published his Reflective cycle in 1988, it is known as Gibbs Reflective Cycle. Gibbs stated that “the process of a reflective cycle is a 5 phase cycle”. The first phase is the ‘description phase’, where we analyze the situation, when and where does that happen, and what had happened to me? What did I do and who else was there and what did other people do? The second phase is ‘feelings'. In this phase, we talk about what we thought and felt during the experience. At this stage avoid commenting on the emotions. We should recollect the incident, how do I feel during that situation and what did I feel after the situation, and what’s my perception towards the situation now? Consider what other people feel about the same situation now. The third is the phase of ‘Evaluation’, here we are looking at what was the positive and negative sides of the incident. What went well and didn’t? What did me and other people do to contribute to the situation either positively or negatively? In the phase of ‘conclusion', we have to think about the incident again with the same information in the mind. How could this have been a positive experience for everyone involved? The last step is the ‘Action phase’’. Here, we come up with a plan so that we can overcome the problems in the next time. This tool is designed as a cycle, replicating an ongoing process.

The clinical objectives are, it helps in critical thinking and also keeps a track of the skills we are learning and the knowledge we acquire. It also helps to find connections between the topics and the theories. It mainly helps to make sense of our own thoughts and feelings.

There are quite bitter as well as sweet experiences in the field of nursing. I had come across certain bitter experiences and later I realized the mistake that I have done. In 2016, I worked as a registered nurse in the cardiovascular department, in a fast-paced environment. Daily there will be cases posted for CAG, PTCA, or CABG. There are lots of transfers in/ out in the wards as we shift the patient to the Cath- Lab or the operation theatre. One busy day, an admission has come to our ward in the morning for CAG as a same-day procedure. It's quite hard to manage as the procedure is overloaded with pre-procedural workups. Somehow I managed to finish the workups. There is a protocol in our hospital that we have to contact the Cath-Lab staff and inform about the scheduled procedure. I failed to inform it to the staff that the case is posted for the same day and I even kept the patient NIL PER ORAL. Then towards the end of the procedures in the Cath-lab around 5 pm, I received a phone call from the respective Doctor why I didn't inform about the procedure to the Cath- Lab. Then I realized that I hadn't been informed about it. And that case was canceled because of my mistake and with the request and condonation the Doctor posted the case for the next day. Here I realized my mistake and I was downhearted. Doctors, Cath- Lab staff, and nursing supervisor scolded me badly for the incident. I was not disappointed for the scolding, but for the cancellation of the procedure just because of my remissness. I took the incident in a positive way. What I learned through this incident is to prioritize the needs of the patient. I had lacked communication with Doctors as well as the other nursing staff. When the same incident has come, I overcome it by prioritizing the needs and by keeping that incident as an example. Here I learned through practice.

Communication plays a major role in health care sectors, it enhances the patient care outcomes with the better communication between the nurses and physicians. There are many challenges that persist for effective communication among caregivers. Health care community members have to examine these challenges and have to rule out solutions which match particular situations. Communication is a vital component in which all the caregivers have the responsibility to improve it in professional practice.

When I was a student nurse, during my internship period I was posted in a medical-surgical ward. There were lots of patients and only a few staff for the morning shift. Morning medicines were given and signed by the senior nursing staff and they have asked me to give the nebulization which comes in between. I gave nebulizations for the required patients and that is also eye-witnessed by one of the senior staff. All of a sudden Drug Nurse came for the rounds and checked the drug chart and found that signatures are missing in the areas of nebulization. The Drug Nurse came to conclude that I haven’t given nebulization and she went to enquire it to the patient. The patient said that I have given the nebulization at the right time. Here what had happened is the documentation error. Even though I gave the right medication at the right time, I failed to put my signature in the drug chart. The Drug Nurse scolded me in front of the patient and has reported it to our clinical instructor and made me write the incident report. I was heartbroken and thought of quitting my studies by this incident. I recollected the incident and evaluated who made this mistake? Is it mine or my senior staff who asked me to give the nebulization? I came to the conclusion that it was my mistake. After giving the nebulization I could have signed it or else I could have informed it to the senior nurse. I failed to do both. This painful incident has taught me about the proper documentation then and there. Later, during my working period, I was very keen on my documentation and I developed error-free situations.

I was a fresher when I joined The Madras Medical Mission Hospital in 2015. Initially, I was not assigned to patient care. I was assigned to a few things like bio-medical waste management, crash cart checking, and oxygen cylinder checking. Even though I was assigned to bio-medical waste management I failed to do the proper waste management. I wrongly discarded the syringe with the needle. Actually, the needle should go to the puncture-proof container and the plastic syringes to the red bin. The infection control nurse came for the rounds and caught me red-handed. Due to the improper waste management, they made me to write an incident report. I was embarrassed for the lack of knowledge. That was a humiliating situation in my life. It has happened because of the knowledge deficit. Later on, I carefully discarded the waste in the appropriate bins. It was something like learning through experiences. Bitter experiences will never make us repeat the incidences again.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this reflective journal writing has helped me deepen my quality of learning, in the form of critical thinking, understanding my own learning process, creativity, improved professional development, active involvement in learning, and personal ownership of learning. This intensive method of learning which I have learned from this module is necessary for my career development.

Reference

1. Dewey, J. (1993). How we think: A restatement of the relation of reflective thinking to the education process.
2. Flicek, C. L. (2012). Communication: A Dynamic between nurses and physicians. professional issue, 385-387.
3. G, G. (1988). Learning by doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Oxford Brookes University, 97- 99.
4. Schaick, M. (2017). Association of low caregiver health literacy with reported use of nonstandardized dosing instruments and lack of knowledge of weight-based dosing. The official journal of the Ambulatory Pediatric Association, 292-298.
5. Tobias Hodgson, E. C. (2016). Risks and benefits of speech recognition for clinical documentation: a systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 169-179.
6. Wang, Q.-Q. W. (2018). interventions to improve communication between nurses and physicians in the intensive care unit: An integrative literature review. International Journal of Nursing Science, 81-88.

Interbank funds transfer systems are arrangements through which funds transfers are made

between banks for their own account or on behalf of their customers. Arrangements for interbank settlement are far more uniform. Private Banks generally settle obligations between themselves over accounts at state-owned central banks. Claims on these state-owned central banks are no longer commodity-backed and typically have some form of legal tender status; they are the most reliable form of money in the economy.

Large value funds transfer systems (LVTS) are usually distinguished from retail funds transfer systems that handle a large volume of payments of relatively low value. The average size of transfers through large value funds transfer systems is substantial and the transfers are typically more time critical as the financial markets operate on it.

1. The first of these is the transfer of information between the payer and payee banks
2. The second key element is settlement - that is, the actual transfer of funds between the payer’s bank and the payee’s bank

Even though the interbank settlement process has evolved over a period of time there are few inherent risks in the system. As per our observation the system holds two types of risk and they primarily revolve around the settlement piece.

Credit Risk: It is associated with the default of a counterparty, is the risk that a counterparty will not meet an obligation for full value, either when due or at any time thereafter. It is permanent in nature.

Liquidity Risk: It is the risk that a counterparty will not settle an obligation for full value when due but at some unspecified time thereafter. It can be either short term or long term.

Further there are specific cases which leads to the above highlighted risks are:

1. 1. Settlement Lag in LVTS: Time mismatch between the execution of the transaction and its final completion.
   2. Settlement lags can result in credit risk if the transmission of information about the payment and the settlement of the payment do not occur simultaneously.
   3. Settlement lags may also result in liquidity risk. A bank may not be certain what funds it will receive through the payment system until settlement is completed, and thus it may not be sure whether or not its liquidity is adequate.
   4. Asynchronous settlement: A time lag between the completion of the two legs of the transaction (i.e. any lag between payment leg and delivery leg). This largest source of principal risk in the settlement of foreign exchange and securities transactions, or, more generally, in exchange for value systems.

These Credit and Liquidity risk arise between two banks but this further leads to a bigger risk and impacts all others banks in the ecosystem and is called Systematic risk. Central banks are particularly concerned with systemic risk. This is the risk that the failure of one participant to meet its required obligations when due may cause other participants to fail to meet their obligations when due. Such a failure could trigger broader financial difficulties that might, in extreme cases, threaten the stability of payment systems and even the real economy.

By their very nature networks, interbank payment and settlement systems are potentially a key institutional channel for the propagation of systemic crises. Central banks have a particular interest in limiting systemic risk in large value funds transfer systems because aggregate exposures tend to increase with the aggregate value of transactions and potential risks in large value transfer systems are therefore often significantly higher than those in retail funds transfer systems.