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To answer the question “is college worth it?”, essay should provide persuasive arguments. In today’s world it is primarily essential for a high school student to continue their education to college. However, earning a Bachelor’s degree doesn’t distinguish whether someone who has a high school diploma decides to apply for the same job position. High position degrees like masters and doctorates are the ones that count. Not only does it help with getting a high paying job, it benefits those who don’t want any debt. On average a college graduate with a bachelor’s degree earns $30,000 more per year than a high school graduate. Is college education worth it? Of course. In reality any education pass high school will have you earning more money than a high school graduate.

On average college graduates have a more stable life than high school graduates. Studies show that the income is greater and that college graduates live a healthier life, and their children are more productive at school. College is worth it because of the opportunities in place when you go to college. Furthering your education, and your knowledge on what you want to do in your life will help you grow as a human being and earn you lots of money. Many people look forward to the fun, new experiences, new people from different backgrounds, and a new life. So is college worth it? Sure!

For most, college is that get away feeling and starting fresh. But others feel that college is a waste of time and there is no point of going to college because its too hard or its too much money. Some may feel this way because of the actual time management and the sacrifices they will have to make for the next 4 consecutive years of their lives in order to actually obtain a college degree. If you want to work at a fast food or mall job for the rest of your life then so bet it. The choices you make after high school dictate whether you’re going to be successful for the rest of your life. Many high school students are in need of financial help when it comes to college especially students attending public schools. On average students who attend private schools pay less than students who attend public schools. Why? This is because students attending private schools usually have parents who can cover tuition cost or have easier opportunities for a full tuition cost scholarship. The ability to earn a college degree will earn you more money.

A lot of jobs in today’s society require college degrees. Adults with a college degree have twice the income of an adult with a high school diploma. Money is one of the most important materialistic things when it comes to life. In today’s society a college degree has become the focal point in having a well-paid profession. As technology is advancing and human resources are declining, having a college degree should be one of the most important goals in anyone’s lives because of these trends. A lot of people wonder if the debt and time will be worth it if obtaining a 4 year degree. In today’s society every student has an equal opportunity to go to college for free. Whether you live in a broken home, parents have low income, even if your parents are divorced, etc.

There are benefits set in place for lower income children who fear going to college will result in debt for the rest of their lives. The government is providing financial aid for high school students who qualify for it. FAFSA was created in order to cover most of the tuition costs for high school students who want to go to college and obtain a degree of specific field of study. There are alot of students who think college isn’t really worth it. Why? Primarily because of when someone says college is needed in order to have high paying jobs, they are really meaning being able to get expensive things.

To others they feel living off a high school diploma is a set life for them. On average the national debt of a college graduate has increased to $33,000 since 2014. The significance of pursuing higher education is so you can be able to have all your needs and wants in life. Many know that having higher education gives you a better advantage of getting a high position job than someone who doesn’t have high education. Allot of employer’s in today’s society require a form of higher education for most jobs. Employers want people that “know what they’re doing” to be able to get the job. Personally I agree and disagree because people don’t want to see someone with a high school diploma performing operations or dental checkups on their loved ones.

Society has taught itself to prefer people with higher level education to do big jobs that require a lot of studying and a lot of skills. Now if you are in the business workforce, having a high education doesn’t affect sales or anything business related because it doesn’t take a lot of education and training to run a business or work in a business field. School is nothing more than training to be a responsible adult, and training to be able to live in the real world. Going to college is nothing more than an experience you’re going to use throughout your day to day lives. Some students say “why we learn math every year we’re not gonna use it in our everyday lives”. Students who think like this are set for failure because yes you need those math skills to be successful in life. For those who want to be an engineer, those who want to work for NASA and go into the business field.

Those math skills learned in high school and college are very essential in life. Honestly, everyone should go to college unless you are becoming a famous singer, rapper, or artists. You will not make it in the world when every year price increases for goods and natural resources are now being limited due to humans. In the next 10 years having a college degree will be a very important factor in being able to live a stable life.

In school we are taught how the real world works and how it is very essential we learn these skills in order to be successful when we go into the next chapter of our lives. College tuition is now increasing drastically maybe because more people are getting into college. Going to college is another form of training from your specific field of study in order to use the knowledge they learned to fulfill their dreams of working in that career field of choice. Many students say college is the best experience they had in their life. The connections being made, living with someone and growing with someone for 4 years is life changing. A degree is just a paper that gives you permission to do work in your specific field of study.

It depends on how you use your degree because you can major in psychology but then want to do sports management. College is important because it opens up doors for you and molds you to go above and beyond. It creates many opportunities for people to try new things in their lives. Most colleges have over 200 plus programs, like clubs and sports that students love. Being around alot of different cultures lures people into coming to college. With media and society telling children that college is everything and you should go is another way you get lured into going to college. What makes college so worth it is the fact that you have so much free time and you are in absolute control over what you want to do in your life without anyone trying to dictate what you need to be doing in your life.

As seen from this argumentative essay, college puts you in a position to be able to follow your dreams and passions of what you plan on becoming as you step into the life of work. If you plan on not going to college I highly recommend you do because pursuing a higher education in today’s world is one of the most important steps in life to living a successful life without any financial struggles. College is definitely worth it.

Why Is College Worth It? (Essay)

Is college worth it? As the years progress, many people are questioning whether college is worth its cost due to record levels of unemployment for college graduates. College is worth its cost because it provides student with benefits such as the likelihood of obtaining a higher paying job, being a more educated citizen, and it teaches you the skills necessary to succeed in life.

One of the main reasons why high school graduates don’t attend college after high school is because of the costly college tuition. But with statistical evidence, it has been proven that most colleges are reasonably affordable and that the returns from a college degree has greatly exceeded. Despite the “high cost” to attend college, data has been meticulously analyzed and calculated to support the claim that many adults with a college degree make far more money than those without one. College is an investment in itself. On average, adults with a college degree earn aproximately $20,000 more per year than those without one. One must be willing to spend money to make money. Though, it might take a while to earn that money back, it will be well worth it in the future because it will teach you about patience, taking risks, and being analytical which are all characteristics of an excelling member of society.

Colleges attest, challenge, and put students in many rigorous situations. When students are thrown into the fire of pits of harch circumstances, they must learn how to deal with them and overcome them. The same ideology goes for life, when one comes into contact with a unexpected challende they must learn and be smart about how they hoose to react to those situations. Colleges helps students grow their moral character. College students work extremely hard to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills that can increase and enhance their ability to handle inevitable circumstances. Strengthening the knowledge of a student also helps them become a better member of the society.

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Lastly, college isn’t just learning about things in history, English, or math. People often contest that college doesn’t teach you about things that will be relevent in their life. For example, students often question why they need for learning how to solve a quadratic equation and if it would ever be necessary for life. But, many are blinded by the fact that by learning how to complete these quadratic equations, it teaches them a more valuable lesson, which is critical problem solving. In conclusion, the college education is worth its cost because it enables one to obtain higher paying jobs, grow chracter through education, and learn the applicable skills necessary to succed in life.

Works Cited

1. Archibald, R., & Feldman, D. (2006). Graduation Rates and Accountability: Regressional Discontinuity Estimates of the Impact of Merit Aid on College Persistence. Journal of Human Resources, 41(4), 669-700.
2. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2021). Unemployment rates and earnings by educational attainment. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/emp/chart-unemployment-earnings-education.htm
3. College Board. (2021). Trends in College Pricing 2021. https://research.collegeboard.org/pdf/trends-college-pricing-2021-full-report.pdf
4. Deil-Amen, R., & Rosenbaum, J. E. (2003). The unintended consequences of merit aid: The impact on college access and choice. Journal of Higher Education, 74(4), 365-391.
5. Deming, D. J., Goldin, C., & Katz, L. F. (2012). The value of postsecondary credentials in the labor market: An educational perspective. American Economic Review, 102(4), 463-468.
6. Federal Student Aid. (n.d.). FAFSA: Free Application for Federal Student Aid. U.S. Department of Education. https://studentaid.gov/h/apply-for-aid/fafsa
7. Finnie, R., & Mueller, R. E. (2019). The financial returns from post-secondary education: A literature review. Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 49(1), 22-44.
8. Hout, M. (2012). Social and economic returns to college education in the United States. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 379-400.
9. Jackson, C. K., Johnson, R. C., & Persico, C. (2016). The effects of school spending on educational and economic outcomes: Evidence from school finance reforms. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(1), 157-218.
10. Perna, L. W. (2010). Understanding the working college student. ASHE Higher Education Report, 35(3), 1-131.

Researchers, physicians, educators, and members of the general society all have diverse assumptions about addiction. These assumptions include moral, political, and scientific ideas. A common assumption or a question is addiction a disease or a choice. In this essay we will take a closer analysis of this assumption and what agruments can be for or against it. 

Many individuals believe that addiction is an issue of morals and self-control that can be solved by punishment. The opponent-process theory states that individuals consume drugs for pleasure and continue to use them to avoid withdrawal systems. Getting sick becomes the punishment and drugs the rewards. This implies that drugs are the sole component of this issue. Although this makes since it is often considered too simplistic. Many individuals believe that simply sustaining from drug use does not alleviate all the issues or consequences. They believe individuals are suffering from a neurological disease caused by genetic brain abnormalities and that it is not entirely in their control. 

According to the disease model, addiction is a disease characterized by abnormalities in structure and function in the brain. This causes people with these abnormalities to become addicted to a substance once they are exposed to it. An important question is whether the drugs or the individual’s susceptibility, background, perception, and genes have a greater impact on these negative outcomes. Assuming that certain individuals have a predisposition to addiction is assuming negative outcomes are more dependent on that individual than the use of the drug itself. These assumptions have huge implications for how we view people with addiction and how to handle addiction through policy. 

Another set of competing assumptions is that drugs immediately hook victims. This assumption infers that limiting people’s exposure to drugs will limit their chance of getting addicted. On the other hand, it is often considered that individuals with significant problems are more likely to self-medicate. There is no question that drugs play a role in addiction, but perhaps personal characteristics play a greater role than mere exposure to a particular substance in whether an individual becomes addicted. Some people believe that drugs alter individuals and lead them to become fixated on a certain drug while others believe individuals with issues will be more likely to seek out drugs. It is often assumed that drugs are inherently dangerous. Drugs cause overdoses, disease, and, dangerous behavior. Other individuals believe that many factors affect the dangers of drugs. Certain means of taking drugs and circumstances surrounding them are what makes them dangerous. There is a common assumption that the war on drugs leads to more dangerous ways of administering drugs and makes it harder to obtain clean drugs, resources, and medical attention when necessary. The “iron law of prohibition” states prohibition leads to higher dosage levels and more dangerous means of administration. This brings alcohol prohibition to mind which turned Americans who once were beer drinkers into heavy whisky drinkers. It is commonly assumed that drugs cause crime. When individuals use drugs, they are more likely to commit crimes based on their altered state of mind or to fall into a life of crime. Others assume that criminals are more likely to use illegal substances. The war on drugs creates a black market and often is what causes crime, corruption, and disease. Using the drug itself turns individuals into criminals because it is an illegal act. The inflated black-market prices cause individuals to turn to drug dealing, prostitution, and other crimes to support their addiction. These people are not rejecting the rules of society they are simply trying to maintain their habit. Many individuals think it unlikely that a drug changes a person’s personality and more likely that people commiting crimes are likely to use. 

It is important to note that addiction is a complex condition that results from a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. It is not just a matter of choice. However, some people may perceive addiction as a choice because individuals with addiction have the ability to make choices that affect their behavior, such as choosing to engage in drug use or seeking help to stop using drugs. Additionally, some people may believe that addiction is a choice because individuals can make choices that may increase their risk of developing addiction, such as choosing to use drugs or alcohol in social settings or to cope with stress. However, it is important to recognize that addiction is a disease that requires medical and psychological treatment, and individuals struggling with addiction should not be blamed or shamed for their condition.

To conclude, an assumption that everyone can agree on is addiction is detrimental to individuals and societies. Addiction is a complex disease with no easy solutions. Further research and understanding is necessary for our society to combat addiction. Strategies must be implemented to help individuals suffering from addiction to recover, cope, and be implemented back into society. Creating a more concrete definition of addiction exclusive of all moral arguments would be beneficial. Further research on both the social and neurological aspects of addiction will allow a stronger, more dynamic understanding. One thing all researchers can agree on is that further understanding of addiction is mandatory to develop strategies and render help to those suffering.

Table of contents

1. Introduction
2. Opposing argument and refutation
3. Arguments’ presentation
4. Conclusion

Introduction

Boycotting is to refuse to buy a product or participate in a pastime as a manner of expressing robust disapproval. For example, inn 1791, pamphlets were printed in support for the participation for boycotting sugar produced by slaves after the Parliament refused to abolish slavery. The abolition for slavery was signed by hundreds of thousands of people in support for their campaign. In Mancester there were 20% of the city’s population who pledged their support of abolition. Strength in numbers was shown for the protest made the politicians who are pro-slavery to not ignore the public opinion (Kaye, 2011).

The Montgomery bus boycott was also a classic breakthrough movement in fighting for the civil rights of African American. The segregation of the blacks and whites in certain aspects before the civil rights was established, Rosa Parks, together with Martin Luther King Jr., lead the movement in eliminating the division which abuses the rights of the oppressed.

boycotting initiates a course of action responding to oppression, monopoly of businesses and religious discrimination, it also establishes motivation for effective moral culpability, and for the protection of consumers’ health on the negative effects of factory products.

Opposing argument and refutation

Boycotting is said to have negative effect on a country’s economy. For instance, in the boycotting of products during the Civil Rights era, particularly within the south, several businesses began to expertise economic loses, thanks to not simply blacks however whites additionally boycotting businesses (Marymede Catholic College, 2018).

The conceptual paper made by Abd-Razak and Abdul-Talib (2011) provided a better understanding among consumer boycotts specially in the Muslim dominant markets globally. The issues like the problems faced by the variety of Muslim dominant markets which are globally concerned could arouse unexpected effects. There are also proposed solution such as the Muslim consumers, as one of the emerging markets, to choose to express their frustration over military, political and economic oppression events against their community around the world via their “pocket power”.

Arguments’ presentation

Boycotting serves as a guide for the unity and drive for the people to say ‘no more’ to the societal issues that causes division, abuse, and discrimination. On Dec one, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks, a 42-year-old African Yankee garment-worker, sitting in an exceedingly separate bus, refused to convey up her seat to a White. It sparked the 13-month Montgomery Bus Boycott Associate in Nursing resulted in an early and vital finish for the Civil Rights movement. It dropped at national attention a 26-year-old recently appointed Baptist reverend by the name of Martin Luther King, Jr. (History In An Hour, 2012).

The article written by Alan Blinder in The New York Times made an important breakthrough of the history of civil rights. There had been an arrest warrant for Rosa Parks for Montgomery bus boycott stated in legal language, as well as the appeal bond of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. who had undergone a trial for his conspiracy role in the boycott, also a record by a court clerk of Parks’s conviction, and Rosa Parks’s demurer which stated the facts but there was no erroneous act admittedly done. Mr. Fred Gray, along with his associates, never thought that these pieces of documents were once part of how civil rights was fought and a simple bus boycott initiated the cause.

Meanwhile, a research was conducted to establish a link between religious beliefs and consumers’ boycotts using an effective conceptual method namely qualitative, inductive, interpretive; phenomenological research approach. They have found that there is a strong relationship and a clear link between religiosity in Arabic/Islamic collectivist cultures and consumer behavior mainly on boycotting. Their findings also showed that consumers are collectively influenced by these factors in purchasing goods particularly for international brands. (Al-Hyari, Alnsour, Al-Weshah , and Haffar, 2011).

On the other hand, boycotting triggers the accountability of the one being boycotted as it is an effective way to establish goals to be attained. A study used netnography to examine boycott movements as well as boycott participation through collected data from consumer comments to an online boycott petition. The findings show that there is a strong expression of desire for boycott pledgees to abolish the egregious behavior, their aggression towards the behavior in question, and their eagerness for disciplinary actions in contrast for boycotting Canadian seafood. There is this belief that boycott motivation has the drive for consumers’ target in order to succeed with such behavior (Braunsbergera K. and Buckler B. 2011).

Regardless of a worldwide boom within the variety of boycott campaigns, the effects of studies are inconclusive as the reasons in the back of person participation are nonetheless largely disregarded. Drawing on a socio-cognitive concept, the concept of planned conduct, this studies investigates whether the direct variables of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral manipulate, assist expect purchasers' boycott aim (Farah M. and Newman A., 2009).

Likewise, boycotting products for the protection of consumers’ health on the negative effects of factory products. Factory products gives negative effect not only to consumers’ health but also in other aspects like in the agricultural sect and genetic mutation of consumed products. The research conducted by Hoffmann and Müller (2008) concluded that the relocation of subsidiary’s homeland is considered to be a social irresponsibility that lead to consumer boycotting. However, some factors for boycotting remain largely uncharted. Thus, this study uses consumers’ degree of concern and level of trust in the management that might influence boycotting reaction. An analysis was also conducted that examined the results of additive satisfaction, trust and complete commitment on consumers' call to boycott. The study shows that their influence varies consistent with the sort of boycott, the instrumental versus expressive (Depardon K. and N’Goala G, 2009).

Conclusion

Boycotting is an effective way of expressing disagreement. As used in most instances, boycotting acts are in response to oppression, monopoly of businesses and religious discrimination. Boycotting is also an effective way of enlightening the mind of the one being boycotted to initiate a course of action towards positive change in their egregious or aggression behavior for the better and to act positively to towards greater good. Boycotting also establishes motivation for effective moral culpability, changing mindset, subjective norms and positive behavioral control. Finally, boycotting is an effective way of protecting the greater majority on the negative effects of some goods like factory products that gives negative effect not only to consumers’ health but also in other aspects like in the agricultural sector and the environment.

Table of contents

1. Introduction
2. Claudius’ manipulation in Hamlet
3. Conclusion
4. References

Introduction

Introduction: In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Claudius, brother to the late King Hamlet, secretly messed with the minds of others to get what he wanted when he wanted it. People thought of him as a supporter to people’s problems while he was the one behind all of them along. He will manipulate his wife, Queen Gertrude, who was the wife of King Hamlet, Hamlet his nephew as well as his son, and lastly the family of Polonius. Throughout the play, Claudius used his actions to confuse the minds of others to get what he wants in order to keep the power of being the king and securing his throne of Denmark. Using his manipulative skills throughout the play in incidents, lives of others around him, as well as relationships he has made over the years caused the drama on what is true and what is actually a lie.

Claudius’ manipulation in Hamlet

Throughout the book, many saw Claudius as a supporter and someone to go to in difficult times. For Commentary: Claudius’s essential goal to gain power, he used manipulation in both Hamlet’s life as well as making an effort to kill Hamlet. His eagerness and thirst for power began with the murder of King Hamlet, his brother. Committing this crime to take the throne of Denmark, Claudius will feel superior to all that faced him, but had to get Hamlet out of the picture since he was a huge threat to his throne. Evidence & citing: Claudius will use his words to twist the minds of others, “From the first coarse till he that died to-day”, “this must be so, we pray you, throw to earth. This unprevailing woe, and think of us. As of a father” (Act 1, Scene 3).

Thesis statement: Claudius’ manipulation is a very complex and methodical one, and you will see how everyone around him is constantly being manipulated so everything goes just his way. We can first observe one of the tactics that Claudius uses to manipulate those around him, which is telling them what to think about what troubles they may be facing. By telling them how to feel in every situation, without thinking too much about it everyone will begin believe his side of the story if he becomes more involved in the situation; the more involved he becomes in the situation, the more reliable of an informational source he will become, he will come off as more trustworthy, even.

Topic sentence: Claudius consoles Hamlet with his soft comforting words, while deep inside he actually wants to get in his head. He uses remorseful and sincere tones to express to Hamlet the whole process of life and death. Topic sentence: Claudius adds on to say that, one who lived must go and accepted the inevitability of death. Since Claudius’s plan did not following through the way he arranged it to go because Hamlet’s suspicions raised on him, he decided to send Hamlet’s friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern on an assignment to spy on what Hamlet was up to plan on him. Having the opportunity to carrying the power of Denmark instead of Hamlet, resulted to Claudius’s manipulative ways to elevate higher. Unfortunately for Claudius, he discovered that Hamlet is aware of his crime and will plan as much as possible to dethrone him. Topic sentence: Manipulation of others emotions and relationships were skillfully used by Claudius in his agenda of gaining power and authority as king. Putting Gertrude, The Queen in total deception was the kind of manipulation Claudius used to get closer to his power. As a strategic move to help him seize the throne away from Hamlet after the death of the King, he decided to marry Gertrude. Commentary: Without Gertrude knowing the crime Claudius committed of murdering her late husband, she put all her trust into Claudius’s false motive of saving the nation as well as agrees to marry him. On top of that, he identifies himself as a loving and caring stepfather to Hamlet in order to gaining Gertrude’s love and trust. For instance, Claudius shows his fake love for Hamlet in front of the Queen, “This mad young man but so much our love”...(Act 4 Scene 1).

Topic sentence: Claudius shows his concern for Hamlet’s mental illness, but in reality, he has lost his patient with Hamlet and him having the intentions to kill him. In an article, critics overall felt that regarding Gertrude in the play was seen as a weak willed, highly dependent on Claudius and easily manipulated by Claudius (Shakespeare for Students). Claudius considers Ophelia as a weakness of Hamlet that will tempt him to reveals the reason for his madness. After all, Polonius is the father of Ophelia which gives him the ability to restrains his daughter to accept Prince Hamlet’s love. By doing that to Hamlet, Claudius can easily cause Hamlet to breakdown and lose his sanity. Manipulating both Ophelia’s and Hamlet’s emotion through his inferior,Polonius’s power. Using this same method also applied on Laertes. Topic sentence: Claudius does this to Laertes by convincing him that Hamlet is responsible for his father’s death and that Hamlet is their common enemy. Evidence & citing: Claudius starts by challenging Laertes’s loyalty to his father, Polonius, “Laertes, was your father dear to you? Or are you like the painting of a sorrow, As face without heart? (Act 4 Scene 1). Commentary: Claudius is concluding that if Laertes has the loyalty to his father, he would defend his honor in action. Evidence & citing: As a result, Laertes states his passion and his plan of revenge on Hamlet, “To cut his throat in the church” (Act 4 Scene 2).

Commentary: This shows that Claudius successfully has taken advantage of Laertes anger and hatred of Hamlet in helping himself achieve the goal of killing Hamlet. According to the criticism on Claudius in Hamlet Outline, it states that “Claudius is clearly a clever politician and manipulator of people and he skilfully turns Laertes’ sorrow and anger to his own purposes” (SparkNotes). Having control of his power, Claudius takes full advantage of people’s loyalty by take control over the event in the play. Polonius dutifully serves for King Claudius,he is willing to use his own daughter to spy on Hamlet. Later Polonius voluntarily devoted himself to eavesdrop on the conversation between Hamlet and the Queen. However, he has only put himself in danger and eventually is slain by Hamlet. Polonius’s death leads to Ophelia’s madness and later drowning brought on by grief and also to Laertes’ alliance with King Claudius to kill Hamlet, to avenge his father’s death. Overall,Claudius has not only take advantage of Polonius’s loyalty and makes him willing to sacrifice his own daughter to achieve Claudius’s goal, but also used Laertes as a tool to assist him in killing of Hamlet. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are courtiers to King Claudius, both of them grow up with Hamlet. Evidence & citing: When Claudius assign them to send Hamlet to England, neither of men has a problem trading their friendship to betray Hamlet, and choose to obey the King’s order. “Most holy and religious fear it is, To keep those many, many bodies safe. That live and feed upon your majesty” (Act 3 Scene 1). Commentary: Rosencrantz and Guildenstern express their respect and devotion to Claudius in this particular speech, saying that it’s a sacred duty to protect the lives of all those who depend on highness of Claudius.

Conclusion

Conclusion paragraph: In conclusion, Claudius portrays as a crafty manipulator of people,his lies and deceit put all others at risk but himself. Claudius’ strength is not physical strength, but his mental ability to persuade the people around him to do things for his benefit. His deceptions cause the deaths of all the people that close to him. Polonius, Laertes, Ophelia and the Queen all killed under Claudius’s manipulation and scheme. Claudius uses people’s loyalty and makes them to follow his commands; he also mask his evilness with sincerity and fooled others’ emotions. Ultimately, Claudius’s scheming caught up with him and led to not only his downfall, but also the downfall of Denmark. Like “The Manipulative Nature of Claudius in Shakespeare’s Hamlet” article says, “King Claudius, as seen in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, is both intelligent and well-spoken, two traits that, put together, complement his manipulative and dangerous nature”.

References

1. Ward, P. H. (1991). The" Witchcraft of His Wits": Claudius' Manipulation of the Arts of Rhetoric. Shakespeare Bulletin, 9(3), 31-33. (https://www.jstor.org/stable/44657943)
2. Cameron, E. (2014). The psychology of Hamlet. International Journal of Language and Literature, 2(3), 161-177. (http://ijll-net.com/vol-2-no-3-september-2014-abstract-11-ijll)
3. Zehren, E. Hamlet, Claudius and The Troubled Mind. (https://www.academia.edu/31737487/Hamlet_Claudius_and_the_Troubled_Mind)
4. Kozikowski, S. J. (1997). Shakespeare’s Hamlet. The Explicator, 55(3), 126-128. (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00144940.1997.11484147?journalCode=vexp20)
5. Ajo García, R. (2018). An Analysis of King Claudius in Two Contemporary Performances of Hamlet. (https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/33017)

Introduction

Should follow an “upside down” triangle format, meaning, the writer should start off broad and introduce the text and author or topic being discussed, and then get more specific to the thesis statement.

Thesis statement

Cornerstone of the essay, presenting the central argument that will be elaborated upon and supported with evidence and analysis throughout the rest of the paper.

Topic sentence

The topic sentence serves as the main point or focus of a paragraph in an essay, summarizing the key idea that will be discussed in that paragraph.

Evidence & citing

The body of each paragraph builds an argument in support of the topic sentence, citing information from sources as evidence.

Commentary

After each piece of evidence is provided, the author should explain HOW and WHY the evidence supports the claim.

Conclusion paragraph

Should follow a right side up triangle format, meaning, specifics should be mentioned first such as restating the thesis, and then get more broad aboutthe topic at hand. Lastly, leave the reader with something to think about and ponder once they are done reading.

Table of contents

1. Introduction
2. The Making of the Series
3. Is Criminal Minds Based On A True Story?

Introduction

As we await the release of the final season of the crime drama TV series Criminal Minds, we would use this opportunity to dissect some interesting facts about the highly-rated American TV show. Among the bothering questions that will be answered in this article is whether or not the television series Criminal Minds is based on a true story?

The Making of the Series

Criminal Minds was created by Jeff Davis. The TV show is of police procedural, crime drama, thriller, mystery and science fiction genres. It starred actors and actresses like Mandy Patinkin, Lola Glaudini, Thomas Gibson, Shemar Moore, A.J. Cook, Matthew Gray Gubler, Kirsten Vangsness, Joe Mantega, Paget Brewster and many others. The show’s executive producers are Mark Gordon, Jeff Davis, Deborah Spera, Edward Allen Bernero, Simon Mirren, Chris Mundy, Erica Messer, Breen Frazier, Janine Sherman Barrios, Glenn Kershaw and Harry Bring. So far, 14 seasons of the show has aired, with a total of 314 episodes.

The Mark Gordon Company, Entertainment One and Touchstone Television were the production companies of Criminal Minds for its first two seasons. ABC Studios joined in production of the show in its third season and have continued to be involved in the show till date. Paramount Network Television, CBS Television Studios and CBS Paramount Network Television have stock with the TV show from when it started till present.

The show’s distributors are CBS Television and Disney – ABC Domestic TV Worldwide. The former distributes the show in the United States while the Latter distributes the show worldwide. The TV show centres around a team of FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit Operating in Quantico, Virginia. What differentiates this show from other procedural crime drama is that it focuses on profiling its criminals rather than the crimes committed.

Is Criminal Minds Based On A True Story?

There have been reasons to believe that the crime drama TV show might just be based on a true-life story. Anyway, producers of the show have come out to state that the show is not based on a true-life story but rather, it gets some of its inspiration from real-life criminals and criminal cases. The main characters on the show are all fictional and not linked to anyone in real life. Even though some episodes of the show might have been adopted from similar criminal cases in real life, characters names were changed to protect their real identities.

The first known episode which was inspired by a real-life criminal is “Natural Born Killers”, the 8th episode of the show's first season. The Criminal on this episode carried out crimes which were similar to the crimes carried out by Richard Kuklinski (The Iceman) the infamous American hitman convicted of several murder cases.

The show’s 11th episode titled “Blood Hungry” is also similar to the crimes committed by  Richard Trenton Chase, aka 'The Vampire of Sacramento'. Like in the show, the criminal suffered from paranoid schizophrenia and he is known for serial killing around  Sacramento, California.

On the 14th episode of the show titled “Riding the Lightning”, similar crimes committed by Fred and Rosemary West, the killer couple, were revealed. The couple would kill their victims and bury them around their home.

Other cases on the show where real-life event and criminals were portrayed and revealed are in the episodes “Unfinished Business” ( season 1 episode 15), “The Tribe” (season 1 episode 16), “Damaged” (season 3 episode 14), “Omnivore” (season 4 episode 18), “The Big Wheel” (season 4 episode 22), “To Hell…“ (season 4 episode 25), “Our Darkest Hour” (season 5 episode 23) and (The Thirteenth Hour” (season 6 episode 13).

There are only a few movies with storylines that are taken from real-life events and ?turned into cinematic. Much of these films are inspired by true personal stories of either tragedy or success. The Primetime drama series, Criminal Minds is largely presumed to fall in this category following its creation of over 300 episodes centering on kidnappings, serial murderers and various other crimes worthy of FBI's investigations.

Introduction: According to Kaiser Health News, health care has become more expensive due to a variety of factors such as the fee-for-service system, disease burden, and advancements in both medical and technological advancements, insurance tax, to name a few. Thesis statement: Similarly in my opinion if I should answer the question “Is health care is a privilege rather than a right?” I will explain it in this essay. 

Topic sentence: Health care in the United States is not a right, and being a US citizen does not automatically qualify one for its provision. Evidence & citing: Today, millions of US citizens do not have access to insurance coverage, and a large number of people have insufficient coverage for acute care, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds, who have the worst health outcomes.

Topic sentence: Health care in the United States is a luxury in that most hospitals provide high-quality health care, but the government cannot provide high-quality health care to all of its citizens due to the high costs involved, leaving citizens to fend for themselves. Evidence & citing: This has resulted in disparities in health care provision because only a few privileged can afford to pay for expensive health care services, leaving the unprivileged without access to health care because they cannot afford the high cost of the service.

Topic sentence: Regardless, the government has used more resources to close the gap, and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was enacted in 2010 in an attempt to cover more of its citizens. Evidence & citing: The main goal of the act was to share the obligations of the government, employers, and individuals to ensure that all citizens have access to affordable and high-quality health insurance. Commentary: This effort is bearing some fruit, though the full impact has yet to be felt, but with proper implementation of the ACA, monitoring, and evaluation of the entire process, health care inequity will be greatly reduced and overall health equity will be achieved.

Topic sentence: One of these factors is social determinants, which are economic and social conditions that have an impact on the health of people and communities, such as education, health care access and quality, neighbourhood and built environs, social and community context, economic stability, and so on. Evidence & citing: Social determinants of health and health disparities have impacts on health outcomes, particularly for vulnerable populations in the United States. Commentary: For example, individuals living in poverty are less likely to have access to health insurance, resulting in a disease burden and an unhealthy population that hinders productivity and education. Evidence & citing: Health disparities continue to cost Americans lives and livelihoods as a result of environmental factors such as nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, pollution, and other biological factors that can contribute to chronic diseases such as obesity and other lifestyle diseases; Commentary: all of this hurts economic stability, mortality rate and morbidity, and overall populace health.

Conclusion paragraph: Finally, consider the high cost of health care. If the out-of-pocket costs for health care services are prohibitively high, some older adults will postpone or forego nonurgent care. Receiving care late can worsen health conditions, cause diagnoses to be delayed, resulting in poorer health outcomes, and increase overall health care spending. Care that is postponed or never received may have a financial impact on Medicare. Evidence suggests that skipping out on health care is linked to poor health outcomes and an increased risk of hospitalization.

References

• Knickman, J. R., & Kovner, A. R. (2015). Health care delivery in the united states (11th ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing

Introduction

Should follow an “upside down” triangle format, meaning, the writer should start off broad and introduce the text and author or topic being discussed, and then get more specific to the thesis statement.

Thesis statement

Cornerstone of the essay, presenting the central argument that will be elaborated upon and supported with evidence and analysis throughout the rest of the paper.

Topic sentence

The topic sentence serves as the main point or focus of a paragraph in an essay, summarizing the key idea that will be discussed in that paragraph.

Evidence & citing

The body of each paragraph builds an argument in support of the topic sentence, citing information from sources as evidence.

Commentary

After each piece of evidence is provided, the author should explain HOW and WHY the evidence supports the claim.

Conclusion paragraph

Should follow a right side up triangle format, meaning, specifics should be mentioned first such as restating the thesis, and then get more broad aboutthe topic at hand. Lastly, leave the reader with something to think about and ponder once they are done reading.

Table of contents

1. Introduction
2. For
3. Against
4. Bibliography

Introduction

I will be mostly focussing on the use of stem cells and their research as the method of attaining regrowth of limbs as it is the most researched and thought to be the most likely to create results. This is due to studies into some of the animals whom are capable of limb regeneration, such as lizards and axolotls, which were found to always retain their pluripotent stem cells, which have the same potency as our embryonic stem cells. So, for example, if the tail of a leopard gecko was cut off the pluripotent stem cells would then rush to the stump to then form a regeneration blastema which will then get all the pluripotent stem cells located there to differentiate and create the necessary cells to form tissues, bones, etc. However, through evolution humans don’t require this as instead of focussing a very large amount of energy to regrow limbs naturally which would also take a considerably longer time due to us being much larger members of the animal kingdom, we regrow skin to cover the wound and prevent infection, therefore not requiring these pluripotent stem cells past the embryonic stages. Due to this fundamental discovery of the differences between how humans and a few select animals cope with a loss of a limb, researchers have realized that stem cells are the best chance for the regrowth of limbs, which is the reason I will mostly be discussing stem cells as the major method of regrowth of limbs.

There are three main types of stem cells used in research, and therefore will be the only ones I will talk about, which are: Adult/tissue stem cells, embryonic/pluripotent stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells/iPSCs. Adult stem cells come from different parts of the body, they’re specific to that certain part of the body(eg. Liver stem cells can regenerate liver tissue). These cannot become other specialized tissue and are limited to only their specialized tissue. Pluripotent stem cells are the most powerful stem cell used. This is because they can be seen as “blank slates” due to the fact that they have the ability to become any specialized cell and are not limited to becoming one specialized tissue unlike adult stem cells. However, the method of attaining these stem cells causes many issues for people in a similar manner to how abortions do. This is because traditionally embryonic cells were only obtainable through growing a human embryo into a cluster of cells of which then contain an inner cell mass. It is the inner cell mass which contains an abundance of embryonic stem cells. However, after this inner cell mass is removed, the embryo is ultimately destroyed which causes many moral issues due to the destruction of this embryo which could have created life. This removal process can also cause problems to the patient due to the medication required to be taken during the process such as ovarian hyperstimulation. This is a reason why iPSCs were created which are pluripotent cells which have been derived from adult tissue using newly discovered scientific technology. They are capable of becoming any cell type similar to pluripotent stem cells. Reprogramming stem cells in order to then create iPSCs then involves genetic manipulations, this can therefore cause differentiations that aren’t present in pluripotent stem cells naturally. This method to create iPSCs is very costly however in order for the process to be underdone correctly and safely. Due to this, embryonic stem cells are more accurate and economically efficient but at the cost of it having many moral issues, whereas iPSCs don’t but at a larger price with the possibility of creating incorrect results due to the differentiations not present in pluripotent stem cells naturally. Adult stem cells are the easiest to attain and offer minimal ethical issues however due to their lack of potency their isn’t much research that can be done and would be incredibly difficult to get any promising results from especially on the topic of regrowth of limbs, and would almost certainly take much longer to get these results.

Due to moral issues with attaining these stem cells many people disagree with their use and believe that we should not due to their being no necessity to having the capability of regrowing limbs, which has been shown with us adapting through prosthetics which are being improved every year. People also disagree due to morals and religious beliefs which gives cause to people wanting this research to stop altogether. During the entirety of this essay, I will be going over these points, arguing their validity and in the end whether I believe we should continue this research and regrow limbs.

For

Stem cell research, as previously mentioned, is the main and most likely idea to attain regrowth of limbs due to using the idea of biomimicry and copying how specific animals are capable of regrowing their limbs through the use of pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, researchers are attempting to find a way to recreate what the regeneration blastemas can make through many different experiments on many different animals with this regenerative ability to hopefully discover regeneration. But why is attaining limb regrowth important? This is because the number of amputees globally is increasing. Right now in the USA, there are around 2.1 million amputees with at least one limb missing which is equal to a total of 0.63% of the population. Additionally, it is predicted that by 2050 this number will increase up to 0.96%. This increasing number is due to the increased number of people that go through an amputation each year which right now is around 185,000 people, with the most common amputation being a below-the-knee amputation, covering around 71% of all dysvascular amputations. Those who undergo these amputations in the USA will then have a total lifetime healthcare cost of around $510,000 on average which is around $150,000 more than the total lifetime cost of somebody without limb loss. This additional cost, which is often very sudden, can cause many people issues as many in the US already struggle with health care expenses so with the addition to the money needed to pay for the care and treatment of being amputated, many people can be put into great debt. The effects of becoming an amputee aren't just financial, it can also greatly psychologically affect people. This is the case as according to research, around 30% of people who suffer from loss of a limb also suffer from depression, anxiety, or both of these compared to the entire population whom only around 18% of having as a whole. This research shows how the loss of a limb can not only put you in a state of financial issues and also then statistically increases your chances of attaining a psychological condition such as depression and anxiety on average by 12%, which is a large margin. So, by creating a means to reduce this physiological and possibly even one-day financial cost would be highly beneficial. This would be done through the eventual recreation of their limb, which would likely be done through stem cells. Using stem cells would create a near identical limb to the original, or in the case of people who suffer from congenital amputation they would be able to witness an entirely new limb, as they would have been born missing a certain limb. Whilst many people then go and get prosthetics to counteract this loss of a limb, they can often be bulky and stand out which, especially in the case of children, can cause bullying and feelings of isolation and body image issues which many already suffer from and affects girls a great deal already, these sorts of things in many cases can cause children to leave their current schools and develop psychological issues. During an interview done with three different amputee women, the group who conducted the interview asked them several questions such as about the issues they faced growing up to which they 2 of them responded about being picked on and how their childhood experiences caused them lots of discomfort and hard experiences which caused them emotional issues. However, the other one responded about how shocked people were due to her absence of depression or crying, but stated that the only problem for her was that she “just wanted to get rid of the pain”. This lead me to think about how amputees don’t just get affected psychologically but also often have lingering pain throughout their entire life. The main example of this would be residual limb pain. This is a pain that originates at the remaining part of the limb. It can be created by a multitude of conditions related to the surgery undertaken or it can be caused by conditions that affected you prior to the amputation.

This mostly only occurs on amputees who used to have limbs and so doesn’t affect people with congenital amputation due to this lack of a limb being caused naturally. But, for those who undergo any sort of surgery to attain their amputation would be at risk of suffering from this, as this limb pain can be caused by a multitude of things including: surgical trauma, which is where the bone of the residual limb was not properly trimmed, neuromas, which is a collection of nerve endings which are very sensitive, heterotrophic bone, which is when an excess bone is formed around the bottom of the amputated limb and finally entrapment of the nerve, which is where there are sensitive nerves concentrated in the scar tissue. Due to any of these causes, a person's life can be made miserable through constant pain and suffering. So, due to this for many, I believe that the chance to regrow a lost limb would be a dream come true for them as it would prevent this paint from occurring or remaining and would then give them the added bonus of fitting in more in society and reducing the level of bullying, which would then decrease their depression, anxiety and other psychological issues which could have been caused through this process.

So far, stem cells have been unable to achieve regrowth in humans, however, this doesn’t mean stem cell research hasn’t come remarkably far. As of now stem cells are mostly just used for curing hematological malignancies which are “cancers that begin in the cells of blood-forming tissue (e.g., bone marrow), or in the cells of the immune system”. So whilst they are useful in achieving this, it’s still essential that the cancer is found early on and not let to get to a later stage of development. A few years ago, the department of defense joined the field of regenerative medicine receiving a massive total of around $265 million whilst including $80 million in public and private funds and around $100 million in NIH grants held by the researchers. With all this funding they were aiming to use embryonic stem cells to achieve “regrowing severed fingers, recreating shattered bones, reconstructing mutilated faces and covering burn victims with genetically matched skin”. This shows how much funding went into for these specific uses of stem cell research, and yet for the past few years, they still haven’t achieved any of their main aims fully despite estimating that it would only take up to 5 years to discover a means for this level of regrowth. However, it was through this research that we were able to figure out a means to help to treat cancers, especially for the case of hematological malignancies to which this research was invaluable. This, to me shows the complexity of this stem cell research and how it will take us more time to get where we aim to be, but we are still making huge strides towards improvement on the way.

Against

I am then going to talk to about the negatives of using stem cells, mostly focusing on the ethical issues and giving examples of how they have affected people, but I also want to write down the religious issues with it and how it goes against certain groups beliefs. Then I want to talk about the alternatives and what we are currently doing to counteract having a loss of a limb, focussing mostly on the different prosthetics and why each would be used.

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Whilst the pros of regrowing limbs, many people disagree with the methods of attaining it. This can be due to a multitude of reasons including religion and morals with many people believing that these should cause stem cell research to end all together. I believe that the biggest reason as to why people oppose stem cell research is due to the method of collection of embryonic stem cells. The reason for this is that in order to collect embryonic stem cells, the human embryo will become destroyed in the end, of which could have become a new life. Both certain religious people and people with similar moral beliefs to that of abortions are against stem cell research because of this. For catholic Christians and people with similar moralities, they believe that human life begins at conception, which causes the research to be the equivilant to murder due to the result of the death of the embryos. This claim is further supported by the late Pope John Paul II who stated in his 1995 encyclical, The Gospel of Life “Human embryos obtained in vitro are human beings and are subjects with rights; their dignity and right to life must be respected from the first moment of their existence”.

Bibliography

1. Americans for cures. What are the different kinds of stem cells? [online] Available at: https://americansforcures.org/stem-cells/what-are-the-different-kinds-of-stem-cells/
2. Murnaghan I, (8 Nov 2019) , New Harvesting Techniques [online] Explore Stem Cells Available at: http://www.explorestemcells.co.uk/newharvestingtechniques.html
3. MITK12Videos, (2015). Why Can We Regrow A Liver(But Not A Limb)? [Youtube] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=erMCADOJcHk
4. Chong, I. (2006) Investigations Document Still More Problems for Stem Cell Researchers. Science, [online]. New Series, Vol. 311(No. 5762) pp. 754-755. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3843577?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=%22Stem+cell+researchers%22&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3D%25E2%2580%259CStem%2Bcell%2Bresearchers%25E2%2580%259D&ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-4631%2Ftest&refreqid=search%3A2c9129100d89b7f66174207fa1e325b1&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
5. BioTech Possibilities (2019), Here Are a Few Surprising Limb Loss Statistics [online] Available at: https://biotechpossibilities.com/here-are-a-few-surprising-limb-loss-statistics/
6. Young E. (2009), Growing Up With Limb Loss, Amputee Coalition [online] Volume 19 · Issue 2 Available at: https://www.amputee-coalition.org/resources/growing-up-with-limb-loss/
7. Amputee Coalition, Pain Management of Residual Limb Pain [online] Available at: https://www.amputee-coalition.org/limb-loss-resource-center/resources-for-pain-management/management-of-residual-limb-pain/
8. Pritha Ray, Abhijit De and Aparna Khanna (2015), Application of Adult Stem Cells in Medicine, Stem Cells International [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4539501/
9. Science Direct, Hematologic Malignancy [online] Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/hematologic-malignancy
10. Holden C. (2008), Rebuilding the Injured Warrior, Science [online], New Series, Vol. 320, No. 5875 (Apr. 25, 2008), p. 437 (1 page) Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20055055?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=%28Regrowing&searchText=arms%29&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3D%2528Regrowing%2Barms%2529&ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-4631%2Ftest&refreqid=search%3Aac476357b50f8952f9238fac527267dc&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
11. Pew Research Center (2008), Stem Cell Research at the Crossroads of Religion and Politics [online] Available at: https://www.pewforum.org/2008/07/17/stem-cell-research-at-the-crossroads-of-religion-and-politics/ 

Is math invented or discovered? This apparently simple question I want shortly analyse in this essay. Such a question has created a dispute between mathematiciens since mathematics existed. Some say that mathematics is totally invented, some others claim that it is mostly discovered while a last group says that it’s a mixture of both.

These are the three different types of view on this question. The two first ones have been associated with schools of thought called Formalism and Platonism respectively. The third school regroups ideas of both Formalism and Platonism, as it mixes them somehow. The Platonism side was initiated by Plato and his famous statement that says that, “all mathematical concepts were concrete and as real as the universe itself, regardless of our knowledge of them”.  He believed that we humans discovered math and he only considered it as a spiritual way to get to the knowledge that already existed. On the Formalism side, Einstein and many other mathematicians like David Hilbert or Georg Cantor believed that mathematics was an invented set of tools. Famous philosophers like Aristotle, claimed that, “mathematics did not exist as an independent entity. Mathematics is simply the outcome of logical operations based on syllogisms, and the search starts with axioms”. Axioms are statements that you assume to be true without having actual proof for them, for instance, if a=b and b=c then a must equal c. This example for Einstein is completely invented as there is no actual proof of it: it couldn’t have been discovered.

The last school believes in mathematics being both invented and discovered. A German professor of mathematics in the 19th century stated: “God created the natural numbers, all else is the work of man”. This can be seen for example through integers. Positive integers have always been there, they have a meaning in nature. On the other side negative integers have only been an invention of humans, they have no actual purpose in nature. Most mathematicians argue that numbers may exist physically, but mathematical statements don’t. For them invention and discovery both play a crucial role.

As visible in the short analysis above, particularly bright people tried to answer the question of whether mathematics was invented or discovered. As it is very difficult to state with 100% certainty that it is one or the other, It’s highly likely that this debate will continue. Often, in these kinds of situations, the truth lies somewhere in between. As a consequence I personally would support the third school of thinking. 

Have you ever been concerned or worried to use the microwave because you always heard that it may give harm to you in some way? Or it may destroy the micronutrients in your food? Or even worst, it will cause cancer? It is true? Or it’s just myths? Don't worry; these are the questions that we're going to explore in this article.

Does Microwave radiation make foods radioactive?

Perhaps this is the biggest concerned that everyone out there afraid of! Is this true? But firstly, do you know what radiation is? Radiation actually can be found everywhere, in varying amounts that essentially the release of energy, which is given off by things such as x-ray, sunbed, mobile phone, as well as computer, radios, even heater, etc. So does it means we are constantly in danger? Relax and chill. Let’s study how the microwave works and its radiation effect on us!

How do microwaves work?

Before we talk about other concern, let's make you clear on how this thing works. You need to know that there are two different kinds of radiation, which are "ionizing radiation" and "non-ionizing radiation". Ionizing radiation is radiation that can remove tightly-bound electrons from atoms that causing them to be charged. In easy word, it will be less risky if we use it in very tiny amounts, like x-rays, but it might give a problem when exposure is high (WHO, 2018).

However, microwave emits non-ionizing radiation, which is relatively low-energy radiation which doesn’t have enough energy to ionize atoms as well as molecules (University of Pennsylvania, 2013). What does means? It means that the radiation from the microwaves is only will cause the molecule inside the food to move but cannot change the chemical structure of food components. More specifically, when we heat our food in a microwave, the radiation that being produces will be absorbed by the water molecules inside the food, and this energy will cause the water molecules to vibrate that generating heat through this harmless friction, which will cook the food (Alenjandra, 2014)

Thus, is microwave radiation harmful?

Well, is there any good evidence to support this theory? Based on study done by Petter Valberg on 1997, he found very little confirmation to support a causal relationship between this exposure and disease thus concluded that microwaves do not cause cancer, since the radiation produces is low and only can cause the water molecules to move. Same goes with study done by "Molecular and Cellular Biology" which found that microwave radiation did not show any signs of increased cancer risk in Swiss albino mice (Paulraj & Behari, 2011).

Do Microwaves destroy micronutrients in our food?

Actually, there are a lot of studies being done on how microwaving foods may influence their nutrients. It is vitamin C will loss if we use microwave? Actually Vitamin C is quite volatile in heat, and due to that all type of cooking in general will causes its loss. However, you may get plentiful of this vitamin in raw fruits and vegetables, which you can compensate there (Alenjandra, 2014). But interestingly, some of study found that broccoli can retain all of its minerals when microwaved (Carmen et al., 2007) and microwave cooking also able to produce lowest antioxidant losses in 20 vegetables when compared to pressure-cooking, boiling or frying! (Jimenez et al., 2009).

How about the container?

The chemicals from the container will leak into the food? Well, I’m pretty sure this question always wondering in your mind. Please don't worry, tests are already conducted to ensure this safety issues, and the only container that passes this test can state that they are approved and safe for use in microwave ovens.

Conclusion

All in all, microwaves don't make food radioactive and harmful. They just heat them! Up to now, there is no proven that microwaves will cause any harm to those who use them, as long as you follow the instruction to use it carefully.

Heroes are people who have a dream of a better future and act to their dreams even though they would need to get through obstacles. In the 18th century, in France, during the French Revolution, one of the greatest heroes in history emerged. He was named Napoleon Bonaparte. Bonaparte is considered a hero in French history because he fought his way to power to protect France. Bonaparte was able to make unity and stability both politically and economically, in France which was one of the strongest nations in Europe.

Napoleon was not only an excellent leader but also a dominate war leader. Napoleon is a hero because he gave people rights and freedoms, and formed an amazing educational system. Along with his excellent skills with militarism, he became one of the greatest French leaders and heroes. Napoleon started his military career as a beginner junior officer in the French army. Napoleon was a passionate man who always put his own life before others. Napoleon’s talent to risk himself in the line of duty to his country also betters his heroic quality. Napoleon was a brave man and he risked his life for men. Napoleon was unquestionably a born leader. Often in the worst conditions, he took this role to protect his fellow people. This is what makes Napoleon an excellent hero. He wasn’t the type of man to sit back and watch.He took it upon himself to fight, he established the meaning of hero.

Later in his military career, he becomes general of the forces in Italy. In the battle of Austerlitz, the French were losing the war until Napoleon came and restored their army to normal. In the intense battle with Austria and their allies, Napoleon’s army was out numbered one to two but with his military strategy he defeated them and freed Italy. This is a true test of his abilities as a war leader and as a hero. Napoleon established a law that continues till this day worldwide. It makes everyone equal before law regardless of whether that person is from royal status or a peasant. Napoleonic influenced places, the people were citizens not subjects. People had some power, just the wealthy, over electing to government positions.

The peoples living in Napoleon’s reign was difficult for many but the big difference was that people could actually make something of themselves without the consent of their nobility. Bonaparte brought the idea of getting a job based on your skill and experience from a particular field of your expertise. In most countries in Europe, if you weren’t a noble or wealthy enough to marry into a noble bloodline then you were reduced to a life of a peasant. With Napoleon, anyone could choose what they want to be based on their hard work and experience, not what you born into.

Works Cited

1. Chandler, D. (2013). Napoleon: A Life. Penguin Books.
2. Englund, S. (2010). Napoleon: A Political Life. Scribner.
3. Fisher, T. (2017). Napoleon. Oxford University Press.
4. Fremont-Barnes, G. (2004). The Wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon, 1792-1815. Routledge.
5. Johnson, P. (2003). Napoleon: A Life. Penguin Books.
6. Markham, F. A. (2018). Napoleon. Benediction Classics.
7. McLynn, F. (1998). Napoleon: A Biography. Arcade Publishing.
8. Roberts, A. (2014). Napoleon: A Life. Viking.
9. Schom, A. (1997). Napoleon Bonaparte. HarperCollins.
10. Thompson, J. M. (1951). Napoleon Bonaparte: His Rise and Fall. Oxford University Press.