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Nabakov unveils in chapter 13, Humbert Humbert as the devious predator, a paedophile convinced of his own cunning genius. Through his narrative voice can we, the reader, be both sickened by his perverse insanity and perplexed by our own advocacy of his pursuit of Lolita. When stripped of linguistic and significant embellishments, this chapter perpetuates a lewd account of masturbation and sexual exploitation, through Humbert’s confused and romanticised perception. Humbert becomes the soapy-eared intellectual and the ravenous beast simultaneously, as his sexual corruptions surface.
Get original essayHumbert Humbert is both an ironic conglomeration of all duplicitous heroes and an anomalous mess of sexual iniquity and false pretentions. The crux of his foggy character is manifested in chapter 13, in an erotic account of his masturbation over his ‘little maiden’ Lolita. Unbeknown or not to Lolita, Humbert hunts her sexuality in an attempt to consummate his desires, transforming himself into a beast in the process, ‘while I crushed out against her left buttock the last throb of the longest ecstasy man or monster had ever known’ (page 61). The study of his character becomes one of moral contention, should we trust Lolita as ‘safely solipsized’, or should we, as the reader stop the progression of the narrative and put down the book? In Edgar Allan Poe’s The Tell Tale Heart, in which the protagonist is comparable to Humbert, the unreliable narrator is again encouraged innately by the reader to carry out his murder by the mere turning of the page. Nabakov is aware of this, and the metafictional role the reader plays, ‘we should ponder the question how does the mind work when the sullen reader is confronted by the sunny book. First, the sullen mood melts away, and for better or worse the reader enters into the spirit of the game’ . Nabakov disregards the ‘truth’ that is searched for in fiction, like he disregards psychoanalysis, both being distillations of human conceptions and ideas, which he believes should stay deceitful and therefore magnificent. Humbert’s narrative perspective in this particular chapter is accentuated by the excitement of the language. Rather than an objective account of his sexual encounter, wonder prevails through the run on sentences and erotic language, ‘and all the while keeping a maniac’s inner eye on my distant golden goal, I cautiously increased the magic friction that was doing away, in an illusional, if not factual, sense, with the physically irremovable, but psychologically very friable texture of the material divide (pajamas and robe) between the weight of two sunburnt legs, resting athwart my life, and the hidden tumor of an unspeakable passion.’(59). His inability to state, without adornments, the reality of his sexual perversions shows an awareness of his wrong doings in moral perspective. He constantly refers to Lolita as Eve, or a temptress, and at one point likens her to a snake, ‘She twisted herself free, recoiled, and lay back in the right-hand corner of the davenport’ (58).
Regardless of Nabakov’s disdain towards symbolism, the apple in chapter 13, as in the existence of Christian faith, becomes an emblem for corruption. By likening himself and his experiences to those of the divine, Humbert Humbert aggrandizes his base desires into a spiritual pursuit of his nymphet. If Lolita is Eve, she eats the fruit and thus renders Humbert as the blameless Adam, ‘she had painted her lips and was holding in her hollowed hands a beautiful, banal, Eden-red apple. She was not shod, however, for church’(58). Humbert’s profane referencing excuses his acts on the grounds of Lolita as the temptress and not the vulnerable girl. Humbert manifests his sexual desires through biblical allusions, playing into humanity’s innate blame of women. His woman hating attitude is most prevalent in his approach to Lolita’s mother, and his licit lover, Charlotte Haze or, ‘big cold Haze’ (57). The apple becomes ‘Delicious’, a named facilitator for sexual feeling in Humbert’s attempt at a surrealist representation of his ‘unspeakable passion’. Lolita is an ancient projection of femininity, for Humbert she is Eve, a nymphet, a surrealist Venus, Carmen, the illusion of a half-woman to the erudite man.
In chapter 13, Humbert declares himself a man turned monster, filled with clandestine sexual gratification by the will of God, ‘Blessed be the Lord, she had noticed nothing!’ (page 61). Humbert’s euphoric achievement becomes his defining characteristic, his ‘cunning of the insane’ and his further quest for the nymphet who exists in his minds’ eye.
First, a data breach or a breach of data security is an incident in which sensitive, proprietary or confidential information is viewed, stolen or used by unauthorized third parties. This form of crime can both cause damage of property, for example, sabotaging computer systems. It can also lead to a violation of property rights, such as theft of source codes, customer data or other information. In addition, it could affect whole business systems of an enterprise level company. The most common scenario for a data theft is a hacker attack that penetrates into a company's network. According to Antonucci (2017) data breaches happen on a daily basis in most places; the cyber-attacks have highlighted the increasing vulnerabilities of personal information. Notably, extra tools use by government hackers have been published hence making it easier to adopt sophisticated means of stealing company data, spreading malware or ransomware. Undoubtedly, several companies frequently fail to update their security breaches promptly.
Get original essaySince more businesses are online, criminals realize data values that are protected by organizations. In cases of ransomware-hackers demands money before they unlock the files and it is increasingly becoming common. Examples of the Information Communication Technology breaches of the 21st Century includes; the wanna cry 2017 attack, eBay 2014 attack, yahoo mail attack and many more.
Statistically, an analysis from anti-virus company found that ransomware payments have hit over $2billion as at 2017. Other analyses propose that compromised computer-related businesses will exceed $10 billion in the next coming year. Therefore, this study highlights some common data breaches in recent history.
Precisely, the WannaCry ransomware is a worm that spread rapidly across various computer networks in the wake of May 2017. Following an infection through Windows computers, the worm encrypts files on computer hard drive, making accessibility of the files difficult for users to access lest their pay ransom in terms of Bitcoins for decryption.
Several factors contributed to the primary attack of the WannaCry virus since it struck different important and sophisticated systems such as Britain’s National Health Service. In addition, it exposed the Windows vulnerability suspected to have been initially discovered by the NSA (United States Security Agency).
The ransomware started on May 12 affecting computer systems and this type holds the computer hostage with data trapped within although experts assert that it was the largest attack of its kind. Over 200, 000 computers were affected with the rapid spread ransom attack with hackers demanding $300 per computer. The attack crippled computer systems in at least 150 countries across the world, although experts foresee, that there are possibilities of other similar attacks in the near future.
Occasionally, the suspects are still anonymous pending investigations, but researchers claim the link to the North Korean Hackers, of course, this has to be proven. Furthermore, it was cautiously associated with Symantec as well as other security researches toward the Lazarus Group; a cybercrime organization suspected to originated from the North Korea government.
The risky virus targeted computers operating on Windows OS before Windows 10, that is Windows XP through Windows 8. Opportunistically, the malware took advantage of the breach that was recently leaked by NSA data dump; a breach for which Microsoft launched a security measure in order to protect users. Consequently, Systems that lacked the patched update were at risk and most fell victims to the virus.
The malware spread by clicking links or downloading attached files from infected third parties, therefore, the primary measure was to remain vigilant regarding the attachments received from established contacts. These cases proved difficult to identify since the messages are usually harmless and from known parties. Secondary precautions required Windows users excluding Windows 10 to immediately update their software.
A legendary security analyst stopped the virus temporarily after finding a secret kill switch within its code. In his effort, he registered an email address refereeing to the malware and was able to halt the virus from spreading. Soon after, Copycat hackers started creating their own versions of the code that further spread the new viruses.
This article has highlighted a mixture of weak systems and ill-fated cyber-attack that never ended well. The types of attacks are constantly on the rise and continue to proliferate whenever large-scale and critical infrastructure including financial institutions and hospitals are pitched on low insecure platforms.
According to Institute for Security Studies (2017) preventing such future disasters highlights the need to advance cybersecurity including addressing public health issue for intelligence agencies as well as law enforcement. This implies that legacy software systems should be uplifted to fit modern time since security experts and organizations need extra bonded collaboration in order to prevent such breaches in the near future.
William Jennings Bryan was born 1860 and lived till 1925. He was a Democratic and a Populist leader. He also tried to run for president three times and failed every time. The “Cross Of Gold” speech was a speech by William which helped propel the convention to nominate him as a Democratic presidential candidate. Bryan also ran in the years 1900 and 1908 which became failures.
Get original essayThe speech was given at the Democratic National Convention, so the audience was pledged delegates from the 50 states of the US so that they can cast their votes
It was William Jennings Bryan’s Democratic presidential speech.
Bryan believes that “we shall point to their platform and tell them that their platform pledges the party to get rid of the gold standard and substitute bimetallism”. This was Bryan’s whole argument. He was against the gold standard and thought it was destroying American wealth and wanted to change it with silver.
Everyone has different opinions on what to do with wealth. How to get rid of it, how to earn it, and how it should be proceeded. Even now one might hear debates about why cryptocurrency should take over the U. S money. This is what Bryan was arguing, how wealth should be proceeded. He wanted to substitute the wealth of gold with bimetallism. He didn’t want to completely abolish the gold system, but he thought that silver and gold should hold the same amount of value. An interesting point that he claims is “if protection has slain its thousands, the gold standard has slain its tens of thousands”. Bryan shows the difference between what gold has done to America, it has slayed it for tens of thousands. Bryan uses these arguments to argue on what good gold has done for America.
One thing that is very noticeable is that throughout the speech, Bryan uses “my friends, ” as he is relating to his audience because he wants to build that connection. This allows the reader to think that whatever Bryan is saying is going to benefit them. It also allows them to pay more attention to what Bryan has to say because it will greatly affect them. Now, Bryan didn’t want to just abolish the gold system, he didn’t just want to get rid of it. He supported the idea of bimetallism. The idea of bimetallism allows for two metals to co-exist which is what Bryan wanted. He knew how hard gold would be to abolish because of how the U. S uses it to trade with different nations so he decided to have something where gold and silver can converse together. He claims “if the gold standard is a good thing, we ought to declare in favor of its retention and not in favor in abandoning it”. Even though he himself does not like the idea of the gold standard, if the government thinks it helpful to the U. S, that they keep it but add another currency in which holds the same value which is silver.
Bryan thinks having gold for the rest of mankind will have a detrimental effect. To close out his argument, Bryan states, “you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold”. By the word “you” he is referring to the government claiming that if they do not do something about the gold system, it will lead to bad things. Even going as far as saying it will “crucify mankind”. This is such a great closing line because it allows not only the reader but the people who were listening to his speech really question gold. Is it really worth it? Does it really leave that bad of in impact?
That was Bryan’s main goal for this speech, he wanted the reader to question the idea of the gold standard and make them think there was something better. By him doing so, it set up his argument in bimetallism. Even if the gold standard was “helpful” he still wanted silver to co-exist with gold. Bryan sets up his argument by comparing the two systems and allowing them to conjoin each other for the better of America.
India is presently ranked fourth in the worldwide wind energy installation list, with an estimated capability of approximately 1271 MW installed on 28 February 2001, a figure behind Germany, Denmark and the US. The Worldwatch Institute in Washington acknowledges India as a 'wind superpower.' The conversion of the Non-Conventional Energy Sources Department into the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources in 1992 started a true wind energy boom in the early 1990s. India is likely the only nation in the globe to have a full ministry devoted to renewable energy production. In latest years, wind power generation capacity in India has risen considerably. The total installed wind power capacity as of 31 March 2019 was 36,625 GW, the world's fourth largest installed wind power capacity. Wind power is primarily distributed throughout the southern, western, northern and eastern areas. The cost of wind power in India is falling quickly. The level tariff of wind power achieved a record low of approximately 2.43 (3.5 US) per kWh (without any direct or indirect subsidies) during the December 2017 wind project auctions. In December 2017, the union government announced the relevant rules for tariff-based wind power auctions in order to bring clarity to developers and minimize the danger.
Get original essayWind energy accounts for almost 10% of India's total installed energy generation capability and produced 62,03 TWh in fiscal 2018-19, almost 4% of total energy generation. The capacity utilization factor in fiscal year 2018-19 is approximately 19.33% (16% in 2017-18, 19.62% in 2016-17 and 14% in 2015-16). Over the five months from May to September, 70 percent of the annual wind generation coincides with the length of the Southwest Monsoon. In India, solar power complements wind power, as it is produced mostly in daytime during the non-monsoon era. It is possible to separate current wind technology into three kinds. First, there are wind pumps that primarily use mechanical wind energy for water pumping purposes (used for drinking and irrigation). Then there are wind power generators (WEGS's), linked to turbines, used for electricity generation, to be distributed on electricity grids and intended for rural and/or urban use. Finally, there are wind-electric battery chargers that generate and store electricity in batteries.
For understanding real case technology transfer failure, we have chosen 2 companies - Suzlon and Senvion. Suzlon Group is one of the world's leading providers of renewable energy alternatives, revolutionizing and redefining how sustainable energy sources are being harnessed worldwide. Present in 18 nations across Asia, Australia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas, Suzlon will be driving a greener tomorrow with powerful renewable energy systems skills. Suzlon's comprehensive range of robust and reliable products, supported by state-of - the-art R&D and more than two decades of knowledge, are intended to guarantee clients optimum output, greater returns and maximum investment returns.
Sustainable development is the creed that underpins the tailor-made projects of Suzlon to safeguard the environment, reinforce communities and drive accountable growth. Suzlon has its headquarters in One Earth–Pune, which is a certified Platinum LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design) and GRIHA 5-star campus and is also one of the world's greenest corporate campuses. Senvion is a major global developer and producer of onshore and offshore wind turbine generators operating globally in twenty nations with a cumulative installed capacity of roughly 17 gigawatts (GW). In its key markets of Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Australia and Canada, Senvion has a powerful competitive position and is headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. Furthermore, Senvion has a clear focus on entering fresh markets and realizing market potential. Senvion was established in 2000 as a merger of engineering firms (Jacobs Energy, BWU, pro+pro) under the name of REpower Systems AG. Meanwhile, the business has grown steadily and has become a corporation of approx. ~2bn€. Four thousand workers. Senvion produces about 90% of its income from onshore and offshore WTG sales. The remaining 10% are based on service agreements for Operations and Maintenance (O&M).
India's government has announced a praiseworthy 175 GW renewable energy target by 2022, 60 GW of which will come from wind energy. Their commitment to the nation is growing as India's wind industry matures. They have chosen to identify India as our core market and vision is to be committed to this very appealing market in the long term. By opening its biggest R&D facility in Bangalore outside Germany, Senvion decided not only to develop in India but also to tap the country's intellectual power. In 2016, Senvion decided to invest in India by buying and growing from Kenersys ' assets. Senvion will conduct project development research and provide complete turnkey alternatives in India along with its recent turbines providing consistent year-over-year reduction of LCoE and thus satisfy the company situations of our clients. For 10 years and beyond as necessary, Senvion shall undertake complete and thorough O&M accountability. Suzlon borrowed strongly from banks to obtain complete control of Germany's REpower Systems AG, a technology leader and manufacturer of the biggest offshore wind turbines. Between 2007 and 2011, the firm, later renamed Senvion, was purchased through a sequence of $1.4 billion tranches. Tanti, who was appointed president of his board in June 2007, had wrested the business after a five-month takeover fight with Areva, the state-owned French nuclear giant.
Suzlon was also forced to restructure $1.8 billion in debt after defaulting on a $200 million redemption of convertible bonds in 2012. As a consequence, its liquidity was cut and the extra burden of the worldwide slowdown in turbine sales led to the sale of Senvion to New York's Centerbridge Partners in April 2015 for a cash account of 1 billion and prospective earnings of up to 50 million.
In India, wind energy can be said to be as much a failure as a success to a big extent. There are many more issues facing technology application than there have been successes. We will now look at some of the reasons for the mistakes in a scrutinizing manner.
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Get custom essayThere are also a few obstacles to overcoming government policy.
There is some important background information that one must try to navigate and examine reader when it comes to women education. In this essay it would be of neglect to simply use the case study of men to investigate literacy rates among people in the Tudor period and ignoring women during this period. Therefore, it is important for one to gain some insight into what women were expected to learn and how they were educated.
Get original essayMany women were taught within their own household or within their Church community which have been problematic for historians because of the lack of sources coming for the period on this subject offered. There have been a variety of different historical debates on the subject of female education in Tudor England which has conveyed that “women education in Tudor England was differentiate along gender laws from that of boys in terms of advantional staring, the nature and range of subjects taught, and the social purpose of instruction.” It was for the exception that women were taught a wide range of subjects these women include Princess Elizabeth, Lady Jane Grey, the daughters of Thomas Moore, Anthony Cooke and Henry Fitzgerald who essentially had access to the male educational opportunities. Margret Sommerville has suggested that “‘classical, scriptural, patic and medieval authorities ‘upon which Renaissance though was based shared a basic assumptions of women intellectual inferiority to men and certain written questioned whether women were in fact rationed beings.” One way in which historians can research the subject of women literacy and their competence in the educational sense. Sommerville committed to a wide range of research into the subject of female letter where she found that “Some 390 or 60% of women were markers of the gentry, 30% of writers, approx. 19% were from the nobility and 15% were female courtiers.” This portrays to the exclusive nature of education for women during the Tudor period. This can be argued disputes the theory of R.D. Attick and Cressy, they suggest that education was more widespread and more accessible than first believed, which can offer a narrow view. It is very much the case that male education was more widespread than historians first assumed in the dissuasion of educational opportunities. Yet there was a lack differentiation for women education because only the very top of society who were offered the wide array of subject’s which men were offered.
Historians can use this narrative, but it is hard to get a grip on how education developed and occurred during the time, without using primary sources. Primary source analysis can help to gain some sort of idea of how education developed over time. For example, the King Edward VI Stratford Grammar School which was an incredibly noble school where those from high priority positions comes to this school. Children of Noble birth were invariably taught by tutors at one but, from the age of 7 to 14, children of a lower standing went to Grammar Schools – the most common institute for Elizabethan childhood and education during the Elizabethan period. The Grammar School in Stratford was called King Edward Grammar School and William Shakespeare would have started attendance at the Elizabethan Grammar school at the age of seven – his education truly beginning. The school and education would have been financed by the local Guild. The younger boys, including Shakespeare, would have spent their early childhood being taught by Ushers, a junior master or senior pupil at the Grammar School. This short introduction to grammar and education, complied by William Lily, had been authorised by Henry VIII as the sole Latin grammar textbook to be used in education and schools. In 1558 a child’s speller was written in England as spelling consistency gradually emerges. The first year of Elizabethan education the ciruclm would have consisted of learning parts of speech together with verbs and nouns. The Ushers often refused to be bothered with teaching of handwriting and this element of Elizabethan education was often taught by a temporary travelling scrivener for a few weeks during the school. From the age of 10 the boys would leave the Ushers to study with the Masters at the King Edward VI Grammar School thus continuing with their translations and extending their Elizabethan education by studying the works of the great classical authros and dramtislst, such as Ovid, Plautus, Horace, Virgil, Cicero and Seneca. The histories of Caesar, Sallust and Livy were studied too, for their moral example was believed relevant to life in Elizabethan England and therefore individual in their education. This was the basis of the Elizabethan childhood and education of Elizabethan children including William Shakespeare, may also have included the study of Greek, but textbooks were scarce and only the very best teachers had enough experience to teach the language. The salaries offered by the King Edward VI Stratford grammar school were £10 per year for a Master and £40 per year for the Headmaster and these were on par with the most prominent schools in England. This therefore attracted some of the most accomplished teachers. It is also probable that two Oxford graduates, Ben Hunt and Thomas Jenkins, were employed as Masters of Elizabethan Education at the time William Shakespeare attended the King Edward VI Stratford Grammar school. These references made it clear that the childhood of William Shakespeare and the Elizabethan education that he received at the King Edward VI Stratfor Grammar school was of high quality.
Some historians have suggested that research into illiteracy and literacy have been rather negligent and lacks in true substance. There are some fantastic historians such as Cressy and Holt who offer a great deal to the subject. However, perhaps the depth in the subject may not be present. This conveys the importance of researching and discussing these issues. A rather obscure issue within the subject of literacy is the subject of charity schools who did much for the spread of literacy and educational opportunities. For example, there was an increase in literacy of trade men between 1595-1604 which some historians have put the link directly to charity schools. Although we are yet to discuss the literacy of women it is widely accepted that women illiteracy was much more widespread than male illiteracy level’s H has suggested that it was the social structure that impacted illiteracy levels and it was consistent with the social perimeters which were placed on each social hierarchy. He insists that “yeomen never approached the commence of gentlemen while husbandmen were always inferior to yeomen. Among the composite category of tradesmen and craftsmen bricklayers never approached the literacy of weavers and they in turn were consistently more illiterate than grocers.” There is further evidence from records other than marks and signatures, namely marriage records, which convey that those records which were found during the sixteenth and seventh century were more advanced than those literacy levels during the eighteenth century. These are some important findings which must be discussed and debated because it does provide evidence for the concept that there was some sort of ‘educational revolution’ during the Tudor and Stuart period. Whereas there was a stagnation during the eighteenth-century literacy which conveys an even more staggered improvement or decline where changes were more sustainable to a more ruthless and unstable political climate. Therefore, it is extremely important to discuss the education structure during the Tudor and Stuart period to find out why literacy rates were higher during the Tudor period than in the Eightenth century. Education is a very fluid and ever-changing concept which is impacted by a variety of other factors such as politics, funding, religion etc. Therefore, to consider education simply just the sole indicator of literacy rates being higher is naive. Yet, there is a clear correlation between the two.
When mentioning this so called ‘educational revolution’ one does in a rather felicitous manner. This is because the evidence is not as clear and connective as I would like it to be. Yet it is still important for historians to consider this ‘educational revolution’ within the social perimeters of the Tudor society to consider whether this ‘education revolution’ correlates with an increase in education opportunities. Lawrence Stone suggests that “the very poor, the unskilled and property-fewer labouring classes Had no prospects, but the ordinary poor and everybody above them, were embraced by the educational revolution” Simon agrees that educational opportunity was socially arranged. Simon seems to imply that the middle class were the most active in the participation and spread of educational opportunity. This is refused by Stone who suggests that it was because of the influx of the gentry, while acknowledging the disadvantage of the extremely poor but the poor were available to some educational opportunities.
When researching literacy levels, not just during the Tudor period, it is clear for one to observe that literacy is a very fluid subject and something which varies over time. For this dissertation to be being relevance to the education research subject we must assume that literacy and education are defiantly linked in whatever way that may be, which convey changes in literacy over time along with an increase in educational opportunities. Literacy evidence is often highly disputed and sometimes up for subjective reasoning which is something that is not viable to use as evidence in a historical dissertation. Most of the problems with literacy estimates, even today, is that it assumes that if one was to become literature it was during their childhood which this was the case. Therefore, using their age to refine the search for literacy rates. Evidence has suggested that males from all classes were more than able to gain some sort of literature education. “Boys from all social backgrounds who were of school age in the period 1560 to 1590 made strong gains in their ability to sign. Yeomen improved from around 55 per cent illiterate in the cohort of the 1550’s to 30 pr cent by the 1570’s. Tradesment improved from 55% to 40% over the same period, while husbandmen also made progress, from 90% to 70% unable to sing This has landed to the title of a ‘educational revolution’ evidently spliced over into elementary instruction. Educational facilities were expanding in the Elizabethan period and educational opportunities throughout society may well have expanded with them.”
Between the period of 1574 and 1604 there were a variety of different changes in what children were taught and how they were taught. As a general comment the ability and the quality of schoolmasters were surprisingly high. Two thirds of men licensed as a grammar school schoolmaster had graduated from university. However, the most intruding part of these statics is that “a third of schoolmasters who simply just wanted to teach young children to read and write were also graduates. Further evidence for the existence of a wide variety of educational opportunities comes from the research into yeomen. Yeomen were more literature and could be expected to have some sort of disposable income. Income which they could spend on developing their educational skills and widening their educational opportunities. For example, a small number of colleges entrants from the Isle of Ely, compared to those from Cambridgeshire uplands one the hand, that yeomen from the uplands could afford to send their sons to university more often than could from the ferns”. When considering the geopedological locations of these educational opportunities it is clear that some place were more interested in education.
When discussing the educational opportunities, I have rather purposely ignored female participation in education up until this point. This is because it is a rather complex and confusing case which deserves a whole section by itself. When looking at the patterns of linguistic and any changes in style. There is a clear link between social structures and literacy. Sixtneth century literacy would permit the production of written language were shaped by cultural values of gender. According to pollock 'Education was functional, no aspirational'. Further supported by Clarke as enforced existing social distinctions” This led to many women receiving tuition in the domestic sense in the variety of different deomstic subjects siuch as needlework, cooking etc. However, this is disputed by some other theroeis and histroinas who consider themselves as educationalists who advocated female education to keep their purportedly “weaker minds” occupied. Clarke has offered a rather complex but intriguing explanation for the postion for women in the in Tudor society. Clarke has suggested that “this resulted in a paradoxical situation that women granted access to knowledge for their betterment could potentially disrupt the distribution of gendered social roles a situation exacerbated by the rise in humanist thinking which privileged individual access to knowledge.”. Clarke uses the way in which female authored texts the way in which they were wrote and their stylstic manner the expectations placed on textual production.
The examination of over one hundred letters, written by high ranking females in the social hierarchy written by Arbela have survived. Published by Sara Steen in 1993 she provides details on Arbela activities and ideas. During the biography “wreath for Arabella” written by Donis in 1948. Lanier examines these and recalls a personal friendship with Arbella that was unrequited, she addreed her as “Great learned Ladie … whom long I have known but not known so much as I desired” Felicia Hermans poems Arbella Stuart she imagined her thoughts when she died in prison. Further research in this comes from Sarah Gristwood published in 2005 where the “Bess of Hardwick gave her granddaughter an education fit for a princess and Arabella proved herself an able pupil; fluent in Latin, Greek, French, Itlian and Spanish, learned in philophy and an accomplished musician.” Arbella being a bright and intellectual woman is explained by Arbella making such an impression on Elizabeth in court that “Arbella made such an impression that Elizabeth spoke openly about twelve year old Arbella one day being queen. Stuart’s letters range from lively familiar alters to carefully drafted court letters, from warmth and affection to anger and defiance. They reflect an intelligent and articulate woman who was willing to challenge convention and the crown.”
An intriguing aspect into women educational opportunities is researching women at the time who were well educated, investigating the expereicnes of these women. This is the case with Catherine Parr who was an incredibly intellectual and well educated individual. Historian Mueller has suggested that Parr’s texts “determined, a sustained act of intertextual approiation that constitutes a genuine claim to authorship”. This is rather complex and an argument which has stricken with allot of historians such as Coles. When there was comparative analysis “there is an autograph manuscript version of this work, held at Kendal, which is thought to have been produced as a gift manuscript for a daughter of Sir Brian Tuke.” There was the greater degree of agency in the production of a manuscript, and therefore its more reliable capturing of par’s own stylistic choices, this is ht eversion of prayer suesed for analysis. Lamentation was published in 1547, although the references to still-alive Henry Viii suggest a composition date of 1546. There were other political impacts other than religion to parr’s texts which is often ignored. These include education where she was herself extremely well educated and wanted an increase educational opportunity, whereby she includes thirteen autograph letters written to Henry VIII and Sir Thomas Seymour, among others. It was through the intellectual prowess and her educational learnt that she was thought as a “noble youth and feminity”. Later on in her life it was through her intellect and her reputation which gave her intelcutal moblity around her male counterparts.
During this essay I have discussed the various issues when discussing literacy rates in a period which was such a long time ago. While one must acknowledge the various issues in defining the meaning of literacy and providing enough evidence to support one’s argument. However, historians have generally turned a blind eye to the concept of educational opportunities and its link in literacy rates during Tudor times. One thing we must agree on is that illiteracy was much more widespread among the female gender than the male gender and the common narrative is that a male’s educational and literacy status is purely dependent on one’s social status and position within their own social sphere. The social structure of illiteracy changed very little which in all reality, illiteracy levels varied quite dramatically in years to year. Therefore, a true link between social status is loose and rather dismissing other aspects which impact educational opportunities and literacy rates. I have explained with the likes of yeomen who never approached the educational ability of gentlemen, while husbandmen were always inferior to yeomen. Within the tradesmen class there were different types of workers and the class of tradesmen varied in its competency such as the difference between bricklayers and weavers. Where weavers had a higher literacy rate than bricklayer while gorcers were more illiterate than bricklayers. Further evidence which I have conveyed from marriage records of the seventh century which conveys the inability to very similar to that found in depositions of sixteenth and seventh century.
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Get custom essayTo conclude, I have discussed the various different complexness involved in the discussion when it comes to educational opportunities and literacy rates. Historians have often seemed dismissal of the subject of educational within the Tudor period. Yet, it is a complex and a fluid subject which cannot be sectioned into narrow premasters removing the debate surrounding the subject of education and social structure. While one must acknowledge that there is a average correlation between wealth and literacy/educational opportunities, the evidence which is used to get these figures are extremely troubling. While there are other more substantial figures which take into account much more than those of, Cressy who argues that education was not widespread, which offer evidence to suggest that education (acknowledging that literacy is a clear link between education and literacy) was more widespread than the first statement in this dissertation would argue. There is further research which must be committed into this subject and further questions must be asked. For example, trying to find more enough and effective ways to decide literacy rates rather than using rather unreliable methods which are not enough to be used in a historical issue. While I have touched briefly on the issue of validity when it comes to evidence surrounding the subject of education. Yet, a further in-depth research essay must be committed to finding reliable sources which can offer to the subject. Overall, the surrounding debate on the issue of educational opportunities and literacy rates is relatively small. However, there is more debate and discussion which is surroundings the subject because the common, schoolbook narrative is that education opportunities were preserved for those in the higher societies. Yet, research has since found that this was not necessarily the case because literacy rates and primary sources offer a different insight into the issue.
Eighner’s eloquence and extensive vocabulary reveal a man who takes pride in what he has learned as a dumpster diver, and who uses this knowledge to subvert stereotypes about his lifestyle. He quotes examples of his experiences as a dumpster diver and his progressive journey. He tries to dignify his way of life throughout the essay.
Get original essayHe is so astonished by the dumpsters that he contacted the “Merriam-Webster research service” to inquire about the word “Dumpster”. Following the event of learning about the word, he begins to write the word in the capital. Eighner stated, “Since then I have dutifully capitalized the word, although it was lowercased in almost all the citations Merriam-Webster photocopied for me.”. In addition, he abominates the use of any other word instead of “Dumpster” and perceives that the word is totally relevant in that context by quoting that it is “too apt” - showing that he visions self-respect in the usage of the word rather than any shame.
Eighner admires his job as “honorable niche”. The way he puts his arguments forward impresses the reader. For instance, he expresses his desire to live cozy and relax life and at the same time admires the lifestyle of a dumpster diver. The usage of the word “scavenging” in his text is also notable. His justification for preferring the word “scavenging” as a substitute for the dumpster in his case makes the reader notice that he takes his business seriously. His essay draws the attention from the beginning when he indicates that he does not like the lavish wastage by stating that he would like to become a “less wasteful consumer”.
Surprisingly, part of his essay is dedicated to guiding people to make them safely adopt the profession of dumpster diving by carefully describing do's and don'ts for picking food as a dumpster. By cautiously warning the people of the hazards of canned foods owing to the “possibility” of botulism, he expresses his concern for people who could potentially catch diseases by perceiving canned foods to be unfailingly reliable.
Eighner’s critical analysis of every food reveals that his job is hard, however, he has devised certain ways to confirm the quality of foods. From time to time, he encounters an array of eatables which, sometimes, he is unsure about. Thus, he views certain foods like crackers, cookies with a sense of suspicion. His genuine and cautious appraisal of sustenances interests the reader and the reader is bound to read about it painstakingly. Apart from this, Eighner is a man of principles. This is proved through an instance when he states, “I never placed a bogus order to increase the supply of pizzas and I believe no one else was scavenging in this Dumpster”. This demonstrates he rather will remain hungry as opposed to being dishonest. Again, he turns out to be unique in relation to others when he expresses his disapproval on the consumption of alcohol accidentally. Also, he does not encourage others to adopt his profession and declares that the business is quite demanding. The way the Eighner pictures various stages of dumpster diving is astounding. He emphasizes that the man gets transformed and become a better dumpster as he advances in the business. This manifests that he is so dedicated to his profession that he also underwent various challenges during his excursion as a dumpster diver, yet he was constantly prepared to confront them.
Eighner tries to uplift his lifestyle when he quotes that he is very ethical when it comes to picking things from a dumpster. He uses a non-judgemental approach when he finds personal stuff and confidential information in the dumpsters. Evidently, he tries to subvert generalizations regarding his way of life. The phrases “Despite all of this sensitive information” and “scavenger ethics” are very effective in this regard. He also appears to be extremely sensitive when it comes to Lizbeth – his dog. He aspires to a “comfortable old age” for her. Time and again, Eighner is happy with the profession he has adopted, and he finds joy in the things he finds in the dumpsters. He does not complain instead he finds this occupation to be interesting. He cites, “Dumpster diving is outdoor work, often surprisingly pleasant”. He expresses that his job is worthwhile and productive. It is notable when he compares himself to rich people despite being a dumpster diver. It is evident of the fact that considers himself no less than “very wealthy”.
In conclusion, his usage of words and depiction of different encounters demonstrate that he genuinely takes pride in what he has learned as a dumpster diver and has truly made people into seeing the dumpster diving in a totally different way.
Many writers of antiquity, like Xenophon, Cato the Elder and others wrote about household and estate management. It is debateable whether wither writings can be used as a practical handbook which may have informed readers of how to run the estate and about slaves. An example of this may be writing on slavery and slave roles within the household.
Get original essayBryson, a roman writer, wrote about slaves in Oeconomica. He spoke about many factors including how to determine which kind of slave would be best for which job. In the Oeconomica Bryson he writes quite broadly about slavery. He begins by defines three types of slaves. He then informs readers of what makes a good or a bad slave. Bryson also discusses how to tell if a slave should or should not be purchased. He writes about the role of a slave within the household. Bryson tells readers of how a man should protect his servants as he does his limbs and of the appropriate way and time a slave should be punished. Bryson also tells of the best age and race requirements. He also adds that slaves need rest periods. Bodel highlights how slave do not really have protected leisure time. This may suggest the Bryson does not reflect roman views in his writings and maybe exaggerates his own opinions or how he would personally handle the situation. Bryson in his Oeconomica can be seen to be providing a guideline of slavery from how to assign the right tasks to the right person to how to know which slave to purchase as well as how to treat them best. This can easily be seen as a handbook, focusing specifically on the example of slavey. As a handbook exists to give information on a particular subject and can act as a sort of manual which is exactly what Bryson does by writing about slaves the way he does. It might have been perceived as a handbook for household and estate management as well as he clearly states how to handle such matters.
Xenophon, a Greek writer also about how he takes care of himself and how and when he uses his slave. In his Oeconomicus, Ischomachus and Socrates are in a discussion which is based around the household and they then bring up slaves. Ischomqchus speaks about how consistently working off meals and training themselves they will be more apt to survive. Ischomachus also speaks about how a slave is able to assist him in daily activities such as if he has “If there is nothing pressing to be done in town, my slave leads my horse to the farm and I make my walk by going there on foot”. He also speaks of how his slaves assist him on the farm when he is away, as he tells Socrates that “I'm not neglecting the matters you refer to, either; for I keep foremen on my farms”. This may be a reflection of Athenian society as it was common for Athenian citizens to not work under “conditions that were considered demeaning was key to Athens' democratic”. Kyrtatas points out how using slaves like this was very profitable for the masters and as they would not have to pay wages for free labours, a wage which would be much more than the maintenance of a slave.They then go on to speak about the requirements of qualified slave and what Ischomachus tries to tech his. They first speak about loyalty especially when the “master” is away as they represent them. He then speaks of how this is ensured by using rewards who share whatever abundance Ischomachus may have gained. Ischomachus also tells Socrates that he tries to teach them to be attentive and also speaks of how this is not possible with everyone, such as drunkards. Ischomachus tells Socrates, that he ensures this by commending the workers. But if they fail he insults them. Ischomachus speaks of how the masters have to set a good example when he says “I don't think I've yet found a bad master with good slaves”. Ischomachus then discusses the importance of the slaves knowing how to govern and how to make a person more obedient. He then discusses the clothes he gives the servants “reward the better workers with the superior articles and give the inferior ones to the less deserving”. Ischomachus then tells how a slave is prohibited from stealing and how he deals with this. Ischomachus, in Xenophon's Oeconomicus can be seen describing how a slave essentially fits into day to day life and tells Socrates of how he trains his slaves. Whether this can be seen as a practical handbook or not might be debatable. This is because while he is answering Socrates questions and taking about what makes a good servant it might just be viewed as a conversation rather than a something a person would look to for advice. This may reflect how Athenians treated their slaves and what the masters looked for but it may not exactly be a handbook or even intended to act as one.
In conclusion writings on household and estate management in antiquity can be used as practical handbooks but they may not be intended for that. As we see in Bryson's writing, his Oeconomica reads as a sort of handbook that gives advice on a wide range of topics surrounding slaves. But Xenophon's Oeconomicus may be looked upon as guidance it does not seem to cover a wide range of subjects like Bryson and is presented as a discussion of how to teach slaves.
The traditional human existence encounters immense and miniscule transformations in predominant viewpoints directly affecting subsequent proceedings as individuals embark upon an expedition of lucid self-expression to explore personal identity. Literary pieces produced during times of revolution to gain equality and flourishing cultural advancement as artistic innovations, primarily in the Harlem Renaissance, communicates deliberately the liberation of the individuals frequently portrayed as characters. The novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, composed by American folklorist and author, Zora Neale Hurston, depicts the arduous plight of Janie Crawford in fulfilling her visions of living devoid of constraints while in pursuit for a compassionate, genuine mate. Zora Neale Hurston’s distinctive childhood experiences depicted in “How it feels to Be Colored Me” in addition to utilization of literary technique consisting of dialect provided an authentic foundation for character development and the central purpose of existence as self-fulfillment.
Get original essayZora Hurston’s childhood and adolescent years as an African American female residing in a heavily discriminatory society significantly affected Hurston’s perspective and dynamic of composition. In Hurston’s Self Introduction, she dictates, “I remember the very day that I became colored (“How it feels to Be Colored Me”). This personal experience directly correlates with the protagonist of Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie Mae Crawford, when she is unable to identify herself in a photograph containing solely a single African American child. Fundamentally, Janie is the direct representation of Hurston in the literary piece exemplifying identical perceptions. Zora Hurston and Janie are strangers to themselves in the aspect of racial identity requiring physical reflection to discover superficial skin pigmentation. Janie exhibited initial astonishment while previously defining herself with surrounding Caucasian children. Hurston’s primary concentration was upon her abilities while society regarded skin color producing stereotypical standards. Subsequent to Joe Stark’s inauguration as mayor, Hurston states, “He didn’t want her talking after such trashy people” (54). Janie’s extensive journey is revealed in third person flashbacks to Janie’s dearest companion, Pheoby Watson including the entirety of details. Joe Starks was a pivotal mayor in the narrative as Hurston’s father was the mayor of Eatonville. Joe Starks and John Hurston strived to abrasively control the contemplations and undertakings of an inferior female; however, Joe Starks focused on the preservation of his authoritarian figure consequently obliging Janie to maintain an image of superiority and esteemed poise. On the contrary, John Hurston protected Zora Hurston by providing shelter from racial prejudices. Zora Hurston and Janie subsisted within financially underprivileged African Americans portraying monetary gains was not drastically imperative to either woman.
The familial and spousal relationships Zora Hurston fostered throughout many years inspired the publication of the literary masterpiece. Hurston’s father longed for Zora to become a clerical missionary; however, Hurston depended upon her mother for assistance and support in following her career aspiration as an author during incidents of her father’s disapproval (Boyd). John Hurston is precisely epitomized by Janie’s grandmother, Nanny; both desiring to mentor Zora or Janie in a direction they perceive will have a positive outcome. Following Nanny’s observation of Janie kissing a local resident, Nanny dictates, “Ah wants to see you married right away” (Hurston 13). Nanny’s dissatisfaction with Janie’s promiscuous behavior leads Janie on a path of three distinctive relationships; however she ultimately is lonesome. Zora Hurston’s mother provided a crucial parental figure therefore the novel is a symbol of appreciation. The biography of Hurston asserts, “When he demanded that she give up her career, she ended the affair, but wrote the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God.” The tragic romance between a younger man Hurston experienced is portrayed in the relationship between Tea Cake and Janie. Janie and Tea Cake discovered one another after Janie failed in two marriages similar to Hurston’s circumstances. Janie defied societal expectations because the strength of her inner will conquered oppressing, external forces.
The American selection of Their Eyes Were Watching God can be viewed from various standpoints; the theme of searching for oneself is methodically produced as a sincere learning experience is recounted. Zora Neale Hurston’s distinctive childhood experiences depicted in “How it feels to Be Colored Me” in addition to utilization of literary technique consisting of dialect provided an authentic foundation for character development and the central purpose of existence as self-fulfillment. As a reader, I was captured by Janie’s passionate and enduring resolve to find veritable happiness for herself disregarding belittlement and failed relationships. True happiness is discovered only in times of self acceptance and ambition defining humanity as relentless to advance in a positive direction, but we as beings must choose to live not merely exist. Zora Hurston’s spirit will perpetually encompass this masterpiece as it serves to be a staple of American literature.
Love is something that everyone wants to achieve at some point in their life. In the fictional novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, written by Zora Neale Hurston, love is exactly what Janie, the main character, wants. This book is set in the early 1900s and describes the story of a woman named Janie, who is on the hunt for love. She runs into many obstacles in her three relationships with Logan, Jody, and Tea Cake. She struggles in her relationships until she meets Tea Cake, where her journey comes to an end. Overall, this heroic journey that Janie is on, is all for love. To Janie, and many others, love is worth fighting for.
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There is always something that motivates a person to begin their journey. In regards to Janie, her motivation is the pear tree. When Janie was sixteen years old, she would sit under this pear tree and conjure up her idea of what love is, and what kind of love she wants in life, while doing this Hurston says “She was stretched on her back beneath the pear tree soaking in the alto chant of the visiting bees, the gold of the sun and the panting breath of the breeze when the inaudible voice of it all came to her. She saw a dust-bearing bee sink into the sanctum of a bloom; the thousand sister-calyxes arch to meet the love embrace and the ecstatic shiver of the tree from root to tiniest branch creaming in every blossom and frothing with delight. So this was a marriage! She had been summoned to behold a revelation” (11).
As she sat under this tree, it was almost like it was sending her a message to find a love that was pure, and after that moment she spent there, she wouldn’t stop until she found it. Janie left her first marriage with Logan for Joe to see if she could experience love with him, and she left with Tea Cake to see where their relationship could go. Janie was willing to do anything for love, and it all falls back on the pear tree.
Allies
Going through life without a friend who supports you in everything you do, is hard. Thankfully, Janie had someone there to help her get through the obstacles in her love life, and her name was Phoebe. She was the only person who understood Janie, and didn’t judge her. She wanted what was best for her, and didn’t want Janie to be hurt. When Janie finishes her story, Phoebe explains “Ah done growed teen feet higher from jus’ listening tuh you, Janie. Ah ain’t satisfied wid mahself no mo’. . . Nobody better not criticize yuh in mah hearin” (192). . She supported her and helped her get through it. Phoebe wouldn’t let anyone hurt Janie now that she knew the truth. She never held Janie back from experiencing everything she ever could in life. She supported her through thick and thin, and that definitely makes Phoebe an ally.
The Preparation
You can’t run a marathon without preparing for it. You need a test-run, and to prepare for the real thing. You have to experience it first, because your first attempt is never perfect. When Janie sat under that pear tree and created her own idea of love, she immediately shared her first kiss with Johnny Taylor.
After her experience under the tree, she saw people differently through her own eyes. For example, “Through pollinated air she saw a glorious being coming up the road. In her former blindness, she had known him as shiftless Johnny Taylor, tall and lean. That was before the golden dust of pollen had beglamored his rags and her eyes” (12). In this moment, she realized that she needs to start seeing people for who they truly are. She had to start her expedition now and build up enough courage to succeed, and this is where she prepared for the long journey ahead.
Guardian of the Threshold
Life in the early 1900’s was difficult for colored people, and even worse as a woman. Janie’s grandmother, also known as Nanny, had Janie’s life planned out. Nanny didn’t live the easiest life as a black woman, she was a slave and never had a normal life, or any money to rely on. She wants Janie to marry a man with money, even if there is no love in the relationship. That is the opposite of what Janie wants. Nanny forces Janie to marry Logan Killicks, a man who owns many acres. Janie feels nothing for him, and only marries him to make Nanny happy.
Logan is not what Janie imagined under the pear tree, it was even mentioned that “The vision of Logan Killicks was desecrating the pear tree, but Janie didn’t know how to tell Nanny that” (14). Nanny was holding Janie back from her dream, and she stopped Janie from doing many things. For example, when Janie kissed Johnny Taylor, Nanny was furious. That isn’t what she wanted for Janie, but Janie doesn’t care about how much money a person has, and what they can provide her. All she wanted from a relationship was love, nothing else.
Crossing the Threshold
When you are on a mission, you have to get to the point where it actually begins, it could take days, months, or even years. Her first marriage was to Logan Killicks, she thought that maybe her love would come for him eventually, but it never did. She married him because she was following Nanny’s rules. He wanted her to work, but she didn’t think that work suited her very well. When Joe came to the city where Logan and Janie worked, everything changed. Janie ended up running off with him, to see if she could experience actual love. Janie’s idea of marriage changed, “She knew now that marriage did not make love. Janie’s first dream was dead, so she became a woman” (25). Leaving Logan is where Janie’s journey began. She thought that running off with Joe was the best thing possible for her. Everything comes to an end at some point.
Road of Trials
Every couple experiences problems in their relationships, Janie being one of them. In Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie had her ups and downs with three men, Logan, Jody, and Tea Cake. Logan wanted Janie to work, which is not what she wanted to do, Jody treated her like a trophy wife, and there was no actual love there, and though her relationship with Tea Cake seemed perfect, they had difficulties. Janie had to fight through the fact that Tea Cake might be with her for the money, it might not have been true, but she had to listen to the whole town criticize their relationship. No relationship is perfect, but it can always improve in some cases.
Logan and Janie’s relationship was complicated. Janie never loved him, and she realized that she never would. For example, “Cause you [Nanny] told me Ah mus gointer love him [Logan], and, and Ah don’t. Maybe if somebody was to tell me how, Ah could do it” (23). Janie didn’t even know how to love him, she couldn’t see past the old man that he was on the outside. Also, Logan wanted Janie to work in the fields with him since he owned many acres.
Logan didn’t understand that working isn’t what Janie wanted, he told her “If Ah kin haul de wood heah and chop it fuh yuh, look lak you oughta be able tuh tote it inside. Mah first wife never bothered me ‘bout choppin’ no wood nohow. She’d grab dat ax and sling chips lak uh man. You done been spoilt rotten” (26). Logan criticized her for not working, and compared her to his first wife. To Logan, it was normal for woman to work. But, under the pear tree, Janie imagined a relationship where she could stay home and relax while the man worked and brought home the money. That was almost every normal relationship back then. Everyone has a different opinion.
Janie expected a perfect relationship when she left with Joe, he made her feel amazing in the beginning of their relationship. When Joe became mayor, things started changing. He felt the rush of power and started to turn into a different person. He would never let her speak, she was told to sit and look pretty. An example of that, is when Jody is speaking in front of the town of Eatonville before the lighting of the street lamp. He finishes up his speech, and the crowd asks to hear Janie speak.
Jody turns their request down, and doesn’t let her speak. Janie feels like her opinion doesn’t matter. She is extremely hurt by this and doesn’t appreciate it at all. Throughout their relationship, he continues to do things like this. She can’t wear her hair down because he doesn’t like other men touching it, and she isn’t allowed to play checkers because she is a woman. Their relationship was ruined, and there was no coming back. Joe ruined it, and didn’t care one bit. If your wife is happy that you died, that sends a very important message. Power can change a man.
Tea Cake is where Janie hit the jackpot, but there are still problems. Dating a younger man sends a confusing message to others. People believed that Tea Cake was after money, and he would never actually love her. Janie had to trust her gut on this one and believe the love she had for Tea Cake was genuine. When Janie speaks with Phoebe, she hears things that she doesn’t want to hear. Phoebe says “But anyhow, Janie, you be keerful ‘bout dis sellin’ out and goin’ off wid strange men.
Look whut happened tuh Annie Tyler. Took whut little she had and went off tuh Tampa wid dat boy dey call Who Flung. It’s somethin’ tuh think about” (114). Phoebe was putting thoughts into Janie’s head. When Janie woke up one morning after they left for Florida, and she found that Tea Cake was gone, and so was her money she jumped to conclusions because of what people had told her. She was furious with Tea Cake, she was never able to fully trust him till she was sure that it was true love. Other people’s opinions can actually change your way of thought.
Janie faced problems in all of her relationships, and she was only able to fight through it in one of them, the one where there was actually love between the two. She couldn’t work with Logan because she didn’t love him enough to do that for him, she couldn’t deal with Jody’s rules because he controlled her and sucked every bit of love for him out of her. Janie couldn’t be in a relationship that only made the other person happy, she needed happiness also. Janie is thankful to have finally found her one true love.
The Saving Experience
Though Janie never felt the tragedy of Joe dying, it still affected her in other ways. She was forced to wear black to satisfy the town, and pretend she was sad. The black she wore seemed to represent her sadness of all the misery she lived with Joe more than it did his death. Thankfully, Tea Cake came into the picture. He made her feel amazing, and she fell for him instantaneously. He didn’t hold her back from anything, and he truthfully saved her from misery. Before him, she wouldn’t be allowed to do anything that Joe wouldn’t have allowed her to do.
One example, is when Tea Cake and her first met in the store. “He [Tea Cake] set it [checkers] up and began to show her and she found herself glowing inside. Somebody wanted her to play. Somebody thought it natural for her to play. That was even nice. She looked him over and got little thrills from every one of his good points” (96). Janie has never felt like this around someone, he brought out the best in her. He saved her from the terrible memories with Joe. He made everything she remembered with Joe, move out of her mind, and inserted the good memories with himself. Tea Cake brought Janie happiness she couldn’t have ever imagined having.
The Transformation
Throughout the entire novel, Janie changes in many different ways. She sees love in a completely new way now. Janie had a lot of experience with relationships, and it transformed her way of thinking. She knew what love truly was when she went off with Tea Cake. She changed both mentally and physically. She could wear her hair down, she smiled more, and she knew how to actually love a person for who they really are. She changed after leaving with Tea Cake, he taught her many things. While speaking with Phoebe she says, “Ah’m older than Tea Cake, yes. But he done showed me where its de thought dat makes de difference in ages. If people thinks de same they can make it all right. So in the beginnin’ new thoughts had tuh be thought and new words said.
After Ah got used tuh dat, we gits ‘long jus’ fine. He done taught me de maiden language all over” (115). The age difference no longer affected Janie, she didn’t care what people thought. When she got over the fact that there was a big age difference, she was able to love. She was now able to look past everything that was being said, and have fun. She had no Jody to worry about, no Nanny to tell her to marry a ‘rich’ man. She was free and happy now, she transformed for the best.
The Return
When people work so hard for something, it makes you look at things differently. People realize what they have been waiting for, for so long. In Janie’s case, when she returns back to Eatonville after Tea Cake dies, she realizes something. She experienced the love that she always wanted, and she couldn’t ask for anything better. She got what she wanted, her journey is completed, and she has accomplished her lifetime goal. Similarly, when she finishes telling Phoebe her story, she expresses her feelings by saying “Now, dat’s how everything was, Phoebe, jus’ lak Ah told yuh. So Ah’m back home agin and Ah’m satisfied tuh be heah.
Ah done been tuh de horizon and back and now Ah kin set heah in mah house and live by comparisons. Dis house ain’t so absent of things lak it used tuh be befo’ Tea Cake came along” (191). Janie can live the rest of her life in peace knowing that she succeeded, if she were to die right there, she would die filled with happiness. Her house isn’t filled with terrible memories of Joe anymore, all she sees is Tea Cake in the kitchen, in the bedroom, or in the parlor, and it’s a good feeling. Everything is different now, she never has to live in vain and can live knowing what she saw under the pear tree actually happened to her. Janie returned to Eatonville a changed woman.
Sharing the Gift
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Get custom essayJanie had to tell someone her experiences with love, and she decides to do that with Phoebe. She shared her gift by telling her story to Phoebe. Janie had a happily ever after, and gained a lot through her journey. She found out what was right, and what was wrong. She shared her experience, information, and understanding on love. Phoebe looked at her very differently now, but it was for the better. She appreciated Janie telling her the truth, Phoebe wants what is best for Janie. Sharing her story was a brave thing for Janie to do, she had to re-experience all the terrible and happy moments in her life, and she most likely struggled. Overall, Janie fought for love, and won in the end.
The task of this essay is to develop a report to construct a food system that can provide global food security. This analysis will cover three sections. The first section of this essay focuses on the meaning of food security and how population growth plays a role with it. Section two talks about the types of technologies that combat hunger across the globe and improve food security. Additionally, we will deep dive into how these technological solutions work and how utilizing these technologies could cause food insecurity. Finally, in the third Section, we will explore what elements intrude on the progression of nourishment from the source to the individuals in the developing country we choose.
Get original essayOne of the developing countries that I choose is the Philippines. According to Guzman, extreme weather events, conflicts, and disasters are one of the causes of food insecurity in the country. Additionally, access to food is controlled by government officials or the authorities. This type of situation is extremely alarming because the high profile (upper and middle classes) only are the one who has the opportunity to access all of the food (including the quality, healthy, and nutritious food). President Rodrigo Duterte even admitted that the Philippines lack’s when it comes to the agriculture sector. Nevertheless, the country faces a shortage of agricultural research, development, and ongoing corruption that never ends until this day. My ultimate goal with this proposition is to minimize the impact of the technologies (in our environment) that we're utilizing, helping us to develop more healthy and nutritious food to everyone. Proper segmentation of food (mitigating the complete dominance of central access by the government), and combat the hunger across the globe.
According to HealthyPeople.gov, food insecurity is a global public health crisis. It defines when a group of people doesn't have access to sufficient, healthy, and nutritious food. Additionally, we do not know if you'll have enough food to eat today, tomorrow, and or if you're a farmer when food from your harvest runs out. A person whose food insecurity introduces them to poor health, developmental risk, and poor mental health. It can lead them to disease because their immune system is not receiving proper nutritional pathways. Vice versa, a person who has enough calories and the right kinds of food, can lead them to an active lifestyle and can perform well compared to its other counterpart. Most of the affected by this nature are the developing countries.
As the population rises in the upcoming years, the demand for food globally will be astonishingly in need by many. As the World Resources Institute wrote, there will be a high number of people who will significantly demand food security in the upcoming years and decades. Because the population will keep increasing in both developed and developing countries, the population size is expected to increase to 9.2 billion by 2015. most of the population growth will be coming from developing countries. This issue is very concerning with the country I want to propose along with my analysis, the Philippines. The Philippines' growth of population affected food security in its entirety. There are myriad reasons why the Philippines is still considered as one of the highest in need of assistance when it comes to food security. First, women and children face hunger. Many authors stated that 'most of the reason why women and children face hunger than men is that most of the developing countries women permitted their head of house (husbands) to have the complete responsibilities'. Secondly, food security was affected by extreme weather events, conflicts, and disasters that the Philippines have experienced in recent years. One of the significant natural disasters that tremendously crippled the Philippines maintaining its overall agriculture production was when after the typhoon Yolanda devastated multiple groups of islands in the Philippines. According to the UN World Food Programme, 27% of the population and the island were affected during this disastrous event. This typhoon is considered one of the most potent super typhoon storms of 2013 ever recorded. That’s a lot of people, and they have lost many resources where they depend on most of their income and means of survival on it. Finally, the food is controlled by government authorities. They are segmenting the highest quality and sufficient food to the group of people who have the means of income and provide less nutritious meals to the lowest income.
When we are considering the forms of technology, we have to think that some other countries (most of them were developing countries) don’t have the incredible infrastructure to help their agriculture sector. For example, in the United States, we can find a large farm with massively automated systems. Everything is efficient. To name a few, they can use sensors, monitor crops, monitor rainfall, and other factors that determine success and failures. Access to this information could give farmers an option. According to Bill Gates, we can use something like a peer-to-peer service called “We Farm”. This is sort of like a Wikipedia from the farmers. The authorities from We Farm services come to the farmers, and it's free for them to sign up. This is an excellent solution because hearing different points of view to many farmers can result in fruitful results that could lead us to fight for food security. For example, if the farmer has a question, he or she can be posted to the group. Other farmers can answer the questions, and it becomes a group of wisdom. Which shared the entire population group of farmers. This service was started in Africa, and It has been spreading like wildfire throughout the developing countries.
Additionally, we can use something like the 'iCow app.' According to Green Dreams TECH (creator of iCow), this app can help to alert the farmers when it's the right time to milk the cows. And follow best practices in dairy farming. The one features that this app stands out is because you can install it on any primary phone. After all, it only uses SMS (short message service) and voice communications. And there's kilimo Salama, a service that sends text messages. According to WordPress, kilimo Salama is used as a service to keep the farmers informed on the climate data. The service also provides the farmers' tips to ensure food security and keep crops safe during times of bad weather and disease outbreaks. Additionally, this type of technology can help determine the probability of floods and droughts when it's going to happen likely. When we combined these different types of technologies I mentioned above, we can come up with a solution that helps address food insecurity.
Data and technology can solve the constraints that many farmers face. Governments and their partners have collected data on farmers for decades. More recently, companies are doing the same. Satellites, remote sensors, and drones can now easily capture data from farms, like plant and soil conditions. It's becoming clear that this data can be harnessed to help alleviate farmers' difficulties and increase their income. As Grameen Foundation and its partners stated, 'In the Philippines, we have launched FarmerLink, which combines data on agricultural practices with weather data and plant science. Using this data, FarmerLink can prevent devastation. Looking at temperatures and humidity, they were able to see that specific coconut farmer were at risk of a pest infestation. Additionally, it can send at-risk messages to farmers on their platform with instructions on how to prevent the infestation and send field agents to train farmers in good agricultural practices'.
The Philippines faces many challenges when it comes to food security. According to Senator Kiko Pangilinan, the agricultural sector has been neglected in the past twenty-five years. Society is the biggest problem. Filipinos have a negative perception of the agriculture industry. Thinking a farmer's job is a poor man's job, which leads to another problem. Young Filipinos now don't want to go into farming. As a result, the number of farmers in the country is now decreasing. This threatens food security in the Philippines. Because we have an aging workforce that continues to till the land in exchange for very little compensation, if this trend continues, the Philippines will be left with land that no one wants to cultivate and no local produce to feed Filipino families. And, which will then force the government to rely on imports. There goes not only food security, but also self-sufficiency. According to OXFAM, the government must do more to help the industry. We need to commit public funding towards the adaptation of agriculture, a matter of top priority.
Additionally, food availability plays a considerable role. The country is intensely relying on agriculture. The pervasiveness of common catastrophes is one of the elements that add to nourishment frailty in the Philippines. The Philippines' area in the Pacific makes the nation powerless to droughts and storms, some with decimating impacts. If we solve agriculture in the Philippines, there will be a potential to address different social issues; related to migration, crime, and economic development. The government continues to uplift the industry, which directly or indirectly employs the labor force in the country. Corruption in the Philippines plays a considerable role when it comes to the proper segmentation of food security to its people. The government prioritizes the people who were able to afford the goods and does not subsidize the group of poor people. According to Investopedia, corruption has been a pandemic to all developing countries; including Africa, Asia, and Latin American nations, to name a few. The Philippines have been fighting this disease for many decades. The only way for this country to maintain itself is to import its natural resources such as rice, vegetables, rice, etc. It has long been seen as the bandage solution by the past administration.
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Get custom essayIn this essay, we have discussed a lot of reasons why global food insecurity still happens to this day. Eradicating this global pandemic is entirely out of reach. However, we can do something by taking the first step; Informing future policy decisions to the United Nations. Second, the government needs to assist the low-income group of people (farmers) and invest more on the agricultural side. Corruption is one of the major problems in many developing countries. Therefore, we need to empower and support citizens. One person might not be able to pursue local government officials. However, if a group of people supports the fight against this everlasting corruption, we’ll be able to combat hunger and mitigate food insecurity. Additionally, the technologies that I propose earlier will help the developing countries tremendously by; training and support on how to produce more and better food. In addition to improving access to land markets and supplies. Results of creating a very informative of wisdom that their farmers can access and share knowledge. We have to start working in concert with one another. It’s about looking at the bigger picture and seeing the abundance of opportunity. We have to be unapologetic about advocating on the public’s behalf. It is with us that the public and trust, as a nonprofit leaders, as government officials to keep the public in mind. In keeping the public in mind, we have to put a stake in the ground. We have to go from feeding the hungry to solving hunger. To an extent, we have to be willing to put ourselves out of business to ensure that the health of the public is our top priority.