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The film that I will talk about is Bonnie and Clyde, released in 1967. This motion picture was formed by Robert Benton, David Newman, and Robert Towne, made by Warren Beatty, and composed by Arthur Penn. The genre that this film is designated is a gangster. Goodykoontz, Jacobs, Meetze, and Pritts (2019) portray criminal films as, 'Motion pictures that oversee sifted through wrongdoing, regularly with swarm families; at first fortunate topical bad behavior show excited by late highlights, by and by almost as often as possible nostalgic stimulations if past periods'.
Get original essayBonnie and Clyde are about a man named Clyde Barrow who tried to take a vehicle and ended up meeting the owner's daughter, Bonnie Parker. Bonnie and Clyde by then continued to drive themselves into trouble, even though it started as insignificant theft it quickly changed into something essentially increasingly real, for instance, burglarizing banks. This achieved Bonnie, Clyde, their driver C.W., Clyde's increasingly prepared kin Buck, and Buck's significant other Blanche on the run and shooting various people, for instance, the police.
In this paper I will be explaining genre theory, choosing a film and explaining type shows that help orchestrate this film under its arrangement, surveying the usage of express strategies and auxiliary parts in the picked film, and interfacing the film with society.
Genre theory is making sense of what sort of movies should be put under. Parker-Flynn (2018) explains that 'Each genre film, as showed by one of the most relentlessly settled 'rules' of film characterization study, must show attributes that choose its relationship to various models in the genre.' All things considered, movies are assembled under explicit genre dependent on regard to what the film is about, what the film incorporates, and what timespan the film happened in.
For example, western motion pictures are set in the time allotment of 1850 to 1900 and are routinely about the life of an outfitted cowpoke or gunfighter, puzzle films are normally about an enigma (by and large homicide), violence motion pictures are disturbing and made to put fear and daze into the group dream films are about unfathomable events, for instance, charm, nostalgic motion pictures are regularly about people starting to look all starry peered toward at, and so forth.
The film Bonnie and Clyde were set under the genre criminal for various reasons, there are a huge amount of order appears during this film assembled the film into its picked kind. One kind show that portrayed the film in the class criminal is when Bonnie Parker had unveiled to Clyde Barrow that she thought he was faking, and he had never really scoured a bank. It was then when Clyde pulled out a weapon and showed Bonnie in spite of the way that she didn't generally figure he would use it.
Clyde said he would be back, he by then went into the market and plundered them for the aggregate of their money. This even described the film under the punk kind since it incorporates weapons and burglarizing people. Another sort show that arranged this film into the criminal class is when Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow burglarize a bank. There were cops there and one of them attempted to take shots at Clyde. Along these lines, with everything taken into account, Clyde release his gun back and regardless of the way that he pointed exorbitantly high, he found a way to point his weapon cut down at whatever point that the police try to shoot him. Bonnie and Clyde by then take all the money from the bank and quickly leave. This requests this film under the genre gangster since they were shooting a bank and taking shots at cops.
One other type show that gathered this film into the criminal sort is when Bonnie and Clyde's partner, C.W., drove them to plunder another bank and C.W. held up in the vehicle while they went in. They went into the bank and stripped them yet when they went to return to the vehicle, they found that it wasn't there. C.W. had left it and was endeavoring to get it out of the leaving place in light of two diverse cars getting him in. Another characterization show that arranged this film into the criminal kind is when Bonnie, Clyde, and two or three their companions stayed outside in an empty field one night and they were woken up to cops incorporating them in the forested regions, discharging their weapons at them.
In this way, with everything taken into account they grabbed their things as quick as could sensibly be normal, got into the vehicle, and promptly drove off. As they drove off, one cop had shot Clyde in his arm which achieved Clyde decimating the vehicle. Everyone jumped out of the vehicle, ran, and made sense of how to escape from the police. This orchestrates the film under the class appear since it has to do with people terminating their guns at people.
Here is another classification show that arranged this film into the hooligan class is when Bonnie and Clyde were on the run, so they were staying at a friend's home. Before long, a cop pounded on the portal then various authorities showed up, including the house. All the cops started terminating their guns at the house which achieved Bonnie, Clyde, and their associates shooting back. Buck, Clyde's progressively prepared kin, by then goes out and begins taking shots at the cops, all while seeking shelter behind a resting cushion.
One police determined his weapon around the bedding and shot Buck in his face. Disregarding the way that Clyde got Buck and moved him into the vehicle, Buck later was gotten by the police, close by his darling, Blanche. The last arrangement show that arranged this film into the criminal kind is when Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were visiting the territory at the store when they saw a cop, so they promptly left.
While they were driving, they seen their friend, Malcolm, pulled off to the side of the road. Presently, Bonnie and Clyde made a beeline for watch out for him and check whether he needed help. In any case, what Bonnie and Clyde didn't know is that Malcolm was setting them up, they were included by cops. Malcolm quickly stows away under his truck when the police reliably started taking shots at Bonnie and Clyde which realized their death.
One explicit method and structure components used in the film as they add to the all-encompassing story and subject of the film is sound. The sounding during this film is very sensible, for instance, when Bonnie, Clyde, their partners, and the cops all starting terminating their guns at each other. Another specific framework and plan parts used in the film as they add to the general record and subject of the film are costuming.
The groups during this film are especially functional appeared differently in relation to how people truly wearing the time that this film occurs in. A last express methodology and structure segments used in the film as they add to the general record and subject of the film is cuts and changes. This film changes into different shots effectively, while you scarcely even warning.
The camera edges are moreover fantastic focuses and show everything happening, on occasion even practical. This film was generally taken shots at level eye level regardless of the way that there was a wide scope of sorts of camera shots. A bit of the camera shots during this film was for a long while shot significance you can see the person from head to toe and make them out evidently, medium since a long time prior shot which suggests you can see people clearly from head to toe or from head to knee, medium shot which is where you can undeniably watch someone from mid-thigh to belly up, medium close-up which is where you can see someone's head to their chest, and close-up which is where you can indisputably watch someone's head to their neck.
But some may not think thusly, this film has a significant relationship with society. Notwithstanding the way that it is a negative affiliation, it is so far an affiliation. The issue is, various people in the open field think it is okay to burglarize people and stores, to pass on and release weapons, to hurt others, and to on occasion butcher others.
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Get custom essayIn conclusion, there is a wide scope of genre and different parts for putting a film into just one sort. The characterization theory is the path toward picking which sort a film will be set under. The film Bonnie and Clyde have various unmistakable sorts of shows that described the film under the criminal kind. There are two or three express techniques and structure segments used in the film as they add to the general story and subject of the film, for instance, sound, costuming, cuts and changes, and camera edges. As explained above, there is a significant relationship between this film and society, nevertheless, it is an opposite affiliation like people scouring others and stores, people passing on and firing their guns, people hurting others, and people a portion of the time in any occasion, killing others.
The movie, Dunkirk was created in the year 2017 by Christopher Nolan who set out to display the miracle of Dunkirk. This movie also plays a key role in World War history as it demonstrates many events which are relatable to the Battle of Dunkirk. He showed a variety of themes on how many people worked together to have the most amount of people evacuated. Some sacrificed themselves for others by being prisoners at war, and some saved men with minor wounds by putting themselves in danger. The director also incorporates a timeline in which 3 consecutive events were taken place at the same time and were intertwined with one another. I believe this movie is a great historical source, as it gives the viewers a relatable visual to show what life was like during the battle of Dunkirk. The setting of the movie shows scenes of the beach and the town nearby. Viewers will be able to gather critical information on how many people survived, and how they manage to rescue all them.
Get original essayThe movie is about British and French allied soldiers stranded on Dunkirk trying to escape before being bombed by the German troops. The director wants to show that the battle of Dunkirk in 1940 was a successful giving British a morale boost. The setting displays the city of Dunkirk in France where most of the British troops were stranded on awaiting for homefront support. Some of the main characters in the movie were Tommy, Gibson, Farrier, Mr. Dawson, and Commander Bolton. Mr. Dawson was a civilian at homefront giving support by sailing his boat out to assist with rescuing as many troops as possible. The farrier was a royal air force pilot who ran out of fuel while bombing German planes. He managed to destroy all of the planes and landing on the beach becoming germans prisoner of war. The main themes in this movie were fighting for survival and nationalism. The theme fighting for survival is demonstrated when the soldiers fought for something that was a fifty percent chance of encountering; being able to return home or not. Nationalism also played in the movie when the British realized French soldiers were stranded and need help as well. The British didn’t hesitate to save the French soldiers as they are valuable people as well as their allies.
Considering the fact that, Nolan wanted to represent the days in the war in his movie, shows it to be a great historical source when talking about Dunkirk. My first area of research is the settings and surroundings of Dunkirk. Christopher Nolan used a beach to be able to recreate the battle on the beach of Dunkirk. The conditions were windy in the movie showing the reason why Hitler put a halt on the battle due to weather.
The military strategy used in the battle compared to the movie was my second area of research. The weapons used in world war 1 were more advanced in world war 2 as more ships and planes were being used to destroy the enemies. The strategies used in this battle were from the help of homefront. The Germans realize that homefront was giving support by bringing in smaller ships instead of big cargo ships. Assuming that Germans weren’t able to see the homefront’s boats, put the allies at a bigger advantage.
My third area of focus was on the major historical events of this movie. Dunkirk is a movie that represents the battle of Dunkirk in world war 2 causing it to be a significant time. With British winning this war, it gave them a big morale boost but also more troops than the Germans. The movie and the battle shows relatable terms on how the same number of people were rescued. A specific quote that really stood out in this movie was by Commander Bolton who said “ You can practically see it from here…Home”. This gives viewers a scenario if what might happen in the next few minutes of the movie. Overall, the movie and the battle had most concepts similar.
With this movie being an efficient secondary source, readers will also be eager to watch more war-related movies to better understand the significance of the event. Christopher Nolan’s choice of the main event showed viewers that with the help from home, they were able to evacuate more than 300,00 soldiers. This film is based on the battle of Dunkirk, which is a significant event as it was one of Hitler’s three biggest mistakes in war. Hitler called a halt due to weather, which gave the allies a huge advantage to evacuate as many men as possible.
This film portrays 3 major perspectives of the different stages in war intertwined with each other. The 1st perspective is shown as the air, in which Farrier tried to destroy most of the germans planes with very low fuel. The 2nd perspective is shown on the beach, where Tommy tried to evacuate Dunkirk when any boats were packing soldiers. The 3rd major perspective was homefront, as Mr. Dawson was a civilian who went to assist in bringing soldiers home without being controlled by the Navy.
The movie Dunkirk didn’t have many consequences on society, though it leads to saving more than 300,000 soldiers plus give the British a huge morale boost. Many families were able to reunite with one another, while some didn’t due to German fighter planes. Society benefited with the morale boost in future wars, but Germans were frustrated and angry.
There was no change in theme as it stayed continuous throughout the whole movie. Fighting for survival was the biggest them as helping one another was the only way they would survive. For example, in the movie 10 men took shelter in a broken boat, though they had to work together to save each other with Germans shoot at the plane. In order for them to survive, they had to come up with a plan to secure the gun holes from drowning their boat.
To conclude, I believe Dunkirk by Christopher Nolan is a good historical source to inform students on the events that took place in 1940 during Operation Dynamo. Students will be able to get a close idea of what went wrong at Dunkirk giving British a big morale boost in the end. It will restate some key events, like the number of troops that were rescued, the weather conditions that these soldiers fought in. I would recommend this movie to watch as a class or individual as it gives me a state of reference of how the Battle of Dunkirk was so significant in World War 2.
Set in 1940 during World War Two, Christopher Nolan powerfully recreated the events of Dunkirk, the evacuation of the British and allied forces from France’s Northern shores. Known for his critically acclaimed movies including Inception (2010) and The Dark Knight Trilogy (2005, 2008, 2012), Nolan’s unique style is also visualised in Dunkirk (2017). Nolan was able to use little dialogue, with moments of the film falling silent, the moving tale told in the visuals and non-diegetic sound. His musically ‘precise beats and timings’ (Nolan, 2018), aid the anticipation of surprise, proving a crucial element in creating a realistic perspective of battle. Thrown directly onto the blood ridden French beaches and English Channel; from ground, sea and sky, the narrative recreates the soldiers fear and bravery in a war of constant instability. Demonstrated through cinematic techniques and overlapping storylines, the unique telling of the survival story of Dunkirk was unlike any other.
Get original essayThe Second World War was a terrifying time to be alive, with the end of the great depression bringing a global battle on a never before seen scale. With technological advancements after World War One and increasing enemy numbers, the new generation of enlisted men and women had no idea what to expect. The changing tides, used literally in Dunkirk, forged the mayhem and its inevitable instabilities. Nolan’s use of camera motion, creates a tedious atmosphere, placing the audience in every scene. The first person tracking shots, such as that used to follow Commander Bolton along the mole, allow human movement, giving realism, moving further from mechanical and unnatural shots. The shots inside the Destroyer, overcrowded with soldiers, were filmed from the perspective of others onboard. ‘The camera work is entirely handheld, … shifting, dipping and ducking out of the way as it navigates the crowd’. It gave the audience a perspective through the eyes of somebody else inside. The constant action, from ships getting torpedoed, to planes falling from the sky, was able to bring the chaos closer to home, representing the fragility of war. Without relying heavily on the plot, Nolan “expertly creates a constant tension that perpetuates almost entirely throughout the movie,” with storylines flowing into one another. This all has to do with expectation, what we think is coming. Nolan does this many times, especially when we see an approaching ‘Heinkel, … lining up to drop her load on the minesweeper,’ and its hundreds of helpless inhabitants. Christopher Nolan’s unique camera techniques were able to demonstrate the unimaginable instability of war.
The dramatic and sometimes nail-biting scenes from Dunkirk allowed emotions to swing high, capturing the fear from the front of the Second World War. The horrific acts encountered from incoming enemy fire sent blood cold, as Nolan successfully had the entire room on the edge of their seats. One of the final scenes of the film, following pilot Farrier, has loud, beat-heavy, non-diegetic sound. This forced your eyes to the screen as the film draws to an end, watching in anticipation, hoping he lands safely on the beach. This scene was long, as the camera tracked the plane through the sky giving a grander sense of the fear in war, and the sacrifices given. The close-up shots of faces and expressions also allowed the audience to see the brute fear, and although there are ‘many differing perspectives in Dunkirk, the way that the film is edited allows everyone’s … to combine … all united by one common emotion: fear’. Dunkirk’s unique execution, without focusing heavily on a protagonist but the moments they were in, was done intentionally, giving a grander sense of the unknown soldiers lost at war. His intentional limit of characterisation, allowed the evacuation of Dunkirk to be seen through the eyes of many. We learn very little about our main characters, a non-traditional approach, as Nolan believed backstory and character based plot would be ‘ultimatly irrevelent when it came to the factual event of Dunkirk’. Nolan’s innovative methods brought the powerful emotion that is fear to the audience as they watched Dunkirk.
Real heroism of soldiers, fighting for their nation and their people, is unmatched in our world outside of combat. Nolan successfully demonstrated the challenge of bravery in his rendition of the events at Dunkirk. His portrayal of the civilians that heavily aided the evacuation of British soldiers gave a new perspective on bravery. The crisis, an ever-approaching Nazi army and ‘four hundred thousand men stranded on the beach,’ needed a resolution, however, this historical event would prove difficult as ‘Churchil [only had plans for] thirty thousand,’ men to make it home. Despite the evacuation going as far from the plan as possible, something could be done to help the stranded, in the name of the civilian army. The camera angle used as oil slick soldiers were pulled from the English Channel, placed Mr Dawson in a position of power. His bravery in sacrifice, travelling to Dunkirk after the British Navy sent out requests for civilian boats, was a heroic act for his country. To grasp bravery and still create an ‘immersive war film,’ Nolan used characters, rather than character building. With no real character arcs, the heroic acts of the men and women were shown through visuals and acts of appreciation. The cheers from the soldiers on the beach told the pure joy that was their rescue, yet still made ‘it clear that no victory is without sacrifice.’ The British soldiers could no longer fight so retreated, and the film became bright once they finally returned home, where they read the letter by Churchill, glorifying their experience, “wars are not won by evacuations…But there was a victory inside this deliverance which should be noted…”.
The greatest loss of life in human history, with over 60 million dead between 1939 to 1945. With changing pace and the constant fear of ‘enemy breaking through,’ (Dunkirk, 2017) Nolan represented war, in victory, and in defeat. The film relied on mise en scene to demonstrate the immense ‘power and might,’ that was the front of the Second World War. Nolan’s use of a neutral colour pallet, including navy blues, sandy tans, and army greens, blended in with the dull and dreary landscape of war, portrayed the destitute of the situation and immersed the audience into his creation. The uniforms, warships, aircraft and weaponry, gave away the time, location and story, which was also helped told in conversation. Nolan almost solely relied on visuals and sound rather than dialogue to express the genre of war, as well as a crisis and resolution. ‘Taking advantage of an auditory illusion caused by … Shepards tone’, the music played a powerful role in the film. The effect is caused by overlaying sound, each an octave higher than the other, which is able to trick the brain ‘into percieving a constant ascending tone’. The impact of the forever incoming ‘artillery from the west,’ was aided by ‘Hans Zimmer’s score… with the sound of ticking,’ keeping the film intense and captivating. This use of sound, ‘making you cling to your seat,’ told of the enemy approach, ever awaiting the predicted danger. Together, these methods made Dunkirk a emotive and strong war film, giving a greater reprsentation of what it was really like.
Christoper Nolan successfully recreated and demonstrated the powerful nature that was the events of Dunkirk. Nolan’s ‘new take on structure based on the Shepard tone,’ was able to capture and create a unique war film, aided by his realistic cinematography, and non-traditional storytelling to capture the fear, instability and bravery of soldiers in war.
In history we can see the ideologies of Karl Marx throughout many societies and can still be seen today. This theory of Marxism was created so that the roles of society could be analyzed. With the higher economic power, this group, the bourgeoisie, is able to gain power through political and social means. By using these forces, the upper class can control the lower class and effectively push their ideologies on society, shaping the social norms of these classes how they want. Using Marxism ideologies, we can study the classes and the different roles of these social forces and structures and highlight these elements to discover how this lower class is affected by oppression from the higher class.
Get original essayThis paper will analyze the cult classic film Mean Girls comparing the characteristics of the social order based on the theories of Karl Marx. Mean Girls is a stereotypical high school comedy that involves a group of popular girls known as “The Plastics”, who most students fear and who control the social aspects of the school. On the other side of the social status there is the new girl that finds herself involved with the popular crowd and eventually becomes just like them. In the movie, “The Plastics” are girls who run the junior class at North Shore High School. They would represent Karl Marx’s term, the bourgeoisie, which means that they believe that they are the most powerful clique and they have the economic power and therefore control the social aspects of the school. Then you have the lower class of this theory, the proletariat, who consists of the people who want to make a social change – the students who have felt personally victimized by Regina George. Their idea is to sabotage this hierarchy that has been created by ruining this social game of the “The Plastics”. Karl Marx explains that when analyzing a society, there is an always an ongoing set of conflicts between social classes. In the final analysis, this essay will argue that by using Max’s theory, we can see how the ideals of Marxism can affect every social class, which even includes the cliques of high schools. It shows that the bourgeoise’s (The Plastics) ideology controls and oppresses the proletariat (the other cliques) through social control.
Cady Heron, being home-schooled her whole life, up until this point, does not understand the social cliques of high school. By skipping her gym period with her new friends Janis and Damien “the unique art freaks”, as described in the movie, she is given a map of the school cafeteria. This is when she begins to understand how the social cliques work, “You got your…freshmen, ROTC guys, preps, J.V jocks, Asian nerds, Cool Asians…the greatest people you will ever meet and the worst: Beware of the Plastics” (Mean Girls). Already in this movie were are seeing the ideals of Marxism and how everyone has their place in the cafeteria environment. This scene shows Marx’s idea of alienation, which is meant to suppress each clique while in school.
The Plastics, who’s leader is Regina George followed by her two wannabees, Gretchen and Karen,”She's the queen bee.The star. Those other two are just her little workers.” (Mean Girls). Regina George being the head of the clique, rules the by herself and surrounds herself with a group of followers, or advisors. Her follower’s main job is to praise her and give her the recognition that needs. She has made herself to be above everyone else. She has mastered the ideals of marxism, creating a system that was made for her to succeed in high school. “Capitalist, not the working class, control society’s ideology and its social consciousness. It is they who determine the acceptable standards of behavior and thoughts in their society” (Bressler 177). Of course, much like history has shown us several times before, there is always a rebel alliance that plans to overthrow their leader and make the changes that would therefore benefit the middle and lower classes. Regina sees that Cady has the potential to be a threat to her rule, which leads her to invite her to sit with the Plastics for the rest of the week. Regina attempts to get inside her head by first first complimenting her that she is really pretty. When she says thank you, Regina aks “So you agree.You think you're really pretty” (Mean Girls). By making her part of the group she is now attempting to eliminate the threat.
Where Marxism really plays a big role is the consumerism that is shown through the movie. The Plastics much like the government likes to tell the middle class what is acceptable to be more socially acceptable in society, and with high school an example of this was wearing army pants and flip flops, “I saw Cady Heron wearing Army pants and flip-flops, so I bought Army pants and flip-flops” (Mean Girls) In addition to their role in consumerism, they also use the power of intimidation and blackmail, creating what they call the “Burn Book”, which lists girls of their grade and mean comments by them “Amber D'Alessio. She made out with a hot dog” (Mean Girls). This was there way to feel in control of the other junior girls.
Cady Heron in the movie is considered to our middle class or the working class of society. She relates much of her high school experience to that of the animal kingdom in Africa but realizes that high school clique problems are handled much different, “I knew how this would be settled in the animal world. But this was Girl World” (Mean Girls). With the help of her friends, the “ proletariat”, create a plan to overthrow Regina George. “All working peoples can free themselves from the chains of social, economic, and political oppression if they will recognize that they are presently not free agents, but individuals controlled by an intricate social web dominated by a self-declared, self-empowered, and self-perpetuating social elite” (Bressler 177). By banding together and revolting against this elite leader, they can bring the social hierarchy down, eliminating the bourgeoise. According to Marx, this hierarchy is only ended by human action.
This human action is the plan that is created by her friend Janis, “How do you overthrow a dictator? You cut off her resources.Regina would be nothing without her high-status man candy...technically good physique...and ignorant band of loyal followers” (Mean Girls). After many attempts, the secret of ruining her relationship “she's hooking up with Shane Oman in the projection room above the auditorium”, turned her boyfriend against her. Her good physique - giving her Kalteen bars, “Coach Carr makes us eat those when we wanna move up a weight class”. Lastly, the members of the group slowly began to fall apart with sneaky three way calls, sending candy canes pretending that they were from Regina George “I was gonna use three candy canes to crack Gretchen Wieners...Once Gretchen thought Regina was mad at her, the secrets started pouring out. All I had to do was wait for one we could use.” (Mean Girls). This eventually led Regina’s followers to betray her. With Regina gaining weight, she was no longer following the dress code that was set by her (which also leads to one of the most famous lines), “Regina, you're wearing sweatpants. It's Monday. So that's against the rules and you can't sit with us” (Mean Girls). In attempt to still keep control of her followers, she tries to change the rules and say those rule are not even real.
Regina George now feeling that she is being overthrown attempts to gain control again. She uses the Burn Book against her followers and turns the whole school against each other. Through all this fighting and backstabbing, the conflict is eventually defeated. It all ends with Regina George having a near death experience with a school bus.
Kurosawa asked by the Japanese studio Daiei to direct film for them after a Scandal. For this project of film Kurosawa select the story of film based on 'In a Groove' by Ryunosuke Akutogawa. With the Hashimoto Shinobu, Kurosawa wanted to write script for story on Rashomon. Because 'in a Groove' the story is too short for film it that's why Kurosawa turned the film to Rashomon. Rashomon is first of two films of Kurosawa in which to work with the most talented and famous cinematography of Japan is Kazuo Miyagawa. There is 10 years before they work again together in one film. The producing company of this film 'Daiei' was reluctant to allow the Kurosawa to this film project and become angrier about when discover the cost for the Rashomon gate set. Daiei is so confusing about the success of film until failure of next Kurosawa’s film. Rashomon was awarded by academy award for the Bes Foreign Film. This was the film the put Japanese film on the map. Its impact on both Japanese cinema and cinema as a whole cannot be overstated.
Get original essayDuring the Heian period, Rashomon is gate, there are four gates outside the capital city of Kyoto to the respective cities, rashomon is one of them gate. A man takes the refuge under the half ruined gate where he founds two other men already setting there in order to escape from the rain. A priest is played by the Minoru Chiaki, and a woodcutter, played by the Takashi Shimura. The two men were return from the testifying and the trial of surrounding death of samurai. They both had started their flash back by the story of third men. The sort of side stories for these men is known as frame story. The main story of Rashomon is death of samurai and the rape of samurai's wife. The main point of the story is that human beings have a universal weakness. Everyone lies to make themselves look better. But some, as the film shows, are able to redeem themselves.
Without wasting even, a single shot Kurosawa start elaborating idea of film. The mood of film can be depicted by the very first frame. Starting of film stares with no dialogues or character but through the weather. As Kurosawa was the big fan of rain. When Kurosawa met his idol john Ford, the first thing he said to Kurosawa that you really like rain.
The sequence of the Camera is one of most enjoying thing in the film as the wood cutter and priest is sitting under the Rashomon gate and trying to escape from the heavily rain so they took refuge there. Watching the rain and capture the rain through the different angles from start.
During the time civil war under the ruined gate outside the Kyoto, a cynical peasant takes the refuge under the gate where he found a (Minoru Chiaki) a priest and (Takashi Shimura) a woodcutter. Both men seem disturbing as returning from the court in the case samurai's death and the rape of samurai wife over the bandits and they felt lament due to the disturbing series they experienced.
The most of the part of film is flash back or the sequence from the past. According to the Wood Cutter pint of view Its shows the version of events, that make up the storyline about the murder where they stumble it through the action, events and characters and cover up the possible theft and rape. The sequence is (02:00) Contains no dialogue, and is constructed from the sixteen shots, of which woodcutter appears in twelve. there are two close up end, present time close-up in which close to the Woodcutter face when he begins to tell his story to and the past close-up time in which a woman hanging into the bush that alerts the woodcutter something amiss. As narrative, the sequence is irrelevant the flashback could start on the shot of the hanging hat. As cinema, it’s more than a little fascinating.
Here, seems none of flashback can be reconciled not even with the testimony of woodcutter. So the Rashomon become the story telling spot where from no testimony can be proved as truth determine. Truth can only be reveal from the conclusion. But we actually believe the woodcutter is on viewing. According due to the lots of testimony it seems that woodcutter is not false at all. They cannot all be true given the opposing possibilities of the samurai’s death, the missing dagger, and a number of other loose ends.
Set to the 11th century of Japan. In this Era, the rise of samurai class and feudal system is on the peak in japan. The story is begun from the Rashomon gate, there are four gates outside the capital city of Kyoto to the respective cities, rashomon is one of them gate. A man takes the refuge under the half ruined gate where he founds two other men already setting there in order to escape from the rain. A priest is played by the Minoru Chiaki, and a woodcutter, played by the Takashi Shimura. The two men were return from the testifying and the trial of surrounding death of samurai. They both had started their flash back by the story of third men. The sort of side stories for these men is known as frame story. The main story of Rashomon is death of samurai and the rape of samurai's wife. The main point of the story is that human beings have a universal weakness. Everyone lies to make themselves look better. But some, as the film shows, are able to redeem themselves.
Stanley Kauffmann writes in the impact of Rashomon that Kurosawa takes the shot of film with different cameras at the different angles. The reason for taking the shot from different cameras is to cut the film freely and splice together the pieces that feels so forcefully depicted the actual meaning of film and that correspond scenes. Another reason for taking from different cameras if to flying from one piece to another piece of film scenes. Moreover, despite these all he used the small shots and them combine them together to trick the audience that seems them to watching the one scene. Donald Richie said in his essay that Kurosawa used 407 Separate shots in whole body of film and this is more than twice the number in the usual film, and yet these shots never call attention to themselves.
The film is scored by the most respected Japanese composers and this film is scored by the Fumio Hayasaka. He includes the adaption of 'Boléro' by Maurice Ravel, especially during the women story. He includes the urgent step of bringing Mifune back to the studio after filming to record another line in the setbacks and some lost audio. By using the different headphone, the recording engineer lwao Ótani added the music with film for making it more thriller.
Akira Kurosawa’s well renowned film Rashomon was initially released in Japan in the fall of 1950. It was not until about a year later when it began screening in different countries across the globe at film festivals and making is box office debut in the United States in the winter of 1951. Rashomon received recognition from many critics at the time and ended up winning awards from BAFTA, Blue Ribbon and even received a nomination for an Oscar. The film’s story was not actually originally written as a motion picture, in fact, Rashomon’s main story was adapted from the Japanese short story titled “In a grove” which was written and published by author Ry?nosuke Akutugawa about 30 years prior in 1922.
Get original essayRashomon was released during what is considered by most to be the golden age of Japanese film and is often cited as one of the best films to come out in this era. Japanese golden age of cinema is generally referred to have taken place from the years 1945 to 1965 (Ragone 14) but most golden age films came out of the 1950s. The decade of the 1950s brought about many of Japans most well-known and critically acclaimed films such as Toho’s classic monster movies like Godzilla and Rodan as well as Hiroshi Inigaki’s Samurai film series.
Rashomon was a revolutionary film when it came out and is still talked about today, and its style is being used throughout cinema all over the world. Rashomon created the Rashomon Effect which is when there is an event with contradictory interpretations by multiple people, this effect can be seen throughout TV and movies. Rashomon uses mixes many types of genres like Crime, Drama, Mystery, Jidaigeki, and what feels like Noir with its use of lighting and shadows. They also break some of these genre conventions throughout the film. The film itself also has connections with Post-War Japan, events, locations, and people are reflections on Japans military defeat and the American occupation.
Rashomon uses many types of genre convention throughout the film, more notably its use of drama. Rashomon, in being told in a ‘traditional’ style, attempts to both break and rethink its very own conventions, utilizing the audience’s comprehension of Jidaigeki to make, and after that break, their previously established inclinations on how the characters should act and how it should to be filmed. Rashomon could be a period drama by following conventions of a standard drama and then break away from the over the course of the film, like its characters, setting, and major scenes. Kurisawa expertly uses camerawork and theme help make this film unique in its story telling capabilities. For the initial first half of the film, Rashomon plays out like a regular Jidaigeki with every character telling their own story to the court to prove that they are innocent, which shows how each character is faithful to their character archetype. Kurisawa even described the script as to show how human beings are unable to be honest about themselves with themselves. Another example of characters not following their archetype is the fight scene. In Jidaigeki, fight scenes are usually bloodless deaths with exaggerated movements. But in Rashomon there are many fight scenes and each one of them are different, but the fist fight starts off like any ordinary “heroic or honorable” fight. Then it slower gets sloppier and degrades into a pathetic and laughable dual where the samurai and Tajomaru are just running around, falling over, tripping over themselves, and barely able to even clash swords. But in the end the samurai still dies. Jidaigeki also has a clear moral good and evil with the characters, but Kurosawa blurs the line of good and evil making the audience guess who really is good or bad. Jidaigekis hero is usually a clean, perfect, and moral man while villains are the opposite of this. The samurai at the beginning is portrayed as the hero but is later shattered during the woodcutter’s story when you see how cruel and abusive, he is to his wife. Then there is Tajomaru who we think is a dirty bandit but is later seen has being noble and honorable in every story. Then there is the samurai’s wife, she starts off looking and acting like a goddess. But her hair and clothes get more disordered and dirtier, just like her personality and morals. There is also camera work and technique that Jidaigeki uses, and that Kurisawa breaks throughout the film. The act of looking at the sun hold many symbolic purposes, it breaks the convections of Jidaigeki, and was one of the taboos of cinematography as Kurisawa said.
Rashomon uses its camerawork and narration to its full effect to tell the story. “The main feature evident in the time series of Rashomon is the shift to a slower cutting rate after the end of the bandit’s testimony.” This shows who the pace changes throughout every testimonial, and even shows how the editing slows down over the course of the film. Then there is the acting of the actors and the camerawork. “But when Rashomon’s actors look directly at the camera and tell contradictory narratives — and even worse when the camera’s apparently objective view records different happenings — it forces upon the viewer, narratively and thematically, a self-conscious awareness of his or her own interpretive activity.” Small things like this add to the mystery of the death, for the audience is unable to figure out the truth.
Rashomon easily fits into the Japanese Golden Age of cinema, as well it fits into Japans post war cinema. Akira Kurosawa is one of the most well-known filmmakers during the Japanese post war cinema. The effects of the Second World War, most specifically the horrific bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These bombings had a great effect on the artistic community in Japan, and these influences can still be seen in Japanese film and media to this day. Akira Kurosawa noted that one of his biggest inspirations during the production of Rashomon were films from the silent era. In the interview with Richie, Kurosawa said “I like silent pictures and always have. They are often so much more beautiful than sound pictures are. Perhaps they must be. At any rate, I wanted to restore some of this beauty. I thought of it, I remember, this way: one of the techniques of modern painting is simplification, I must there fore simplify this film.” Rashomon is one of the most historically significant films in Japanese cinema history, it’s experimental cinematography and timeless story is still studied to this day.
Cinematically, framing is one of the key features of Kurosawa’s films and is used in Rashomon in order to establish primitivity of his characters. Kurosawa is a painter with his shots, he tries to control every aspect of the shot as though it were a painting resulting in powerful and well-developed images. This is used effectively throughout many Kurosawa’s films and Rashomon is no different. One of the film’s central themes is that there is a thin line between humanity and animals. Tajomaru is used throughout the film to showcase this thin line as a man who boards on insanity and moves tact of an animal. During his first testimony, a scene captures Tajomaru stalking the two victims through the forest. One shot displays Tajomaru peering down upon them through the cover of the woods. He is framed perfectly by the leaves and branches, while his placement above gives him the look of a hunter following his prey. This is a powerful scene from Kurosawa and an early establisher of the primitive side of the civilized man. While Kurosawa was the creator of the narrative, his camera work is the most integral part to telling his stories. His use of photograph like scenes is a powerful source of storytelling as well as a key factor in all of Kurosawa’s films.
The story being told in Rashomon is another key feature of all that Kurosawa stands for. Rashomon is a look into the human mind and the terrible things that civilized people can do. Kurosawa has long been curious about these types of actions after living through a tumultuous time in Japanese history. As the screenwriter and director, Kurosawa had full control to create and film the exact movie he wanted. Rashomon brings to audience’s a story focused on this idea of human deceit and the objectivity of truth. Kurosawa uses his films and techniques in order to bring to life these ideas in way that is unique to most auteurs. Throughout all of Kurosawa’s films, including Rashomon, the uses of movement in his shots are powerful. He uses the movement of nature to create shots with great movement and thus drawing in full attention from the audience. In Rashomon, the movement of the powerful rain around the men recalling the stories helps establish the emotion wrapped up in this gathering. They are suffering through a loss of faith in humanity, just as Kurosawa himself has struggled with, and the weather and motion around them reflects that. These aspects all showcase Kurosawa’s inner struggle with human nature. The most telling part of the story, however, is the ending. In a story filled with conflicting accounts of a single incident, Rashomon leaves the audience without revealing what the real story was. Just as Kurosawa will never understand the depths of humanity.
Rashomon is a prime example of all the things that make Akira Kurosawa a great director. His unique filming techniques helps make scenes come to life with movement, and the story he wrote capture the raw emotion of the line between man and animal. Overall, this film would not be the success it was with Kurosawa and cannot be separated from his touches.
When a film is perceived differently than it is intended the viewer often misses a lot of story and major plot points. It is never a good thing for a movie’s meaning, story, plot, or ideas to not click with its viewers, but in many cases, especially those cases where the film is primarily foreign (if not completely foreign), this is due to the miscommunication of how a film’s location of creation or location of characters affects the way that the film is viewed. Some of these films are made without the intention of feeding the audience the background of the films culture. This is a pretty common way to look at films, and it is referred to as the National Cinema’s approach. In Kurosawas Rashomon, we are expected to know a handful of things about the Japanese culture in order to fully grasp the monumental weight of some of the actions that happen.
Rashomon is a harrowing tale that speaks directly to the nature of humankind. By exploring one of the most atrocious acts a human can commit and placing the film in the ravaged village of Rashomon, which has been plagued by war, natural disasters, and almost every sorrow you can think of, we can discover the true nature of humanity. When humans are placed in a situation of extreme distress will their morality hold up? Kurosawa uses this backdrop in order to create a skeptical view of humanity that has few redeeming moments save the last scene of the movie. The film attacks the idea of human sanctity by addressing the concept of truth, a value that humans hold in high esteem. The story of Rashomon would have us believe that humans only tell the truth when it best serves them and will lie if the truth reveals something compromising to their character that they would not have others or themselves believe. Kurosawa conveys this skeptical view of morality by setting the film in a period where gross human behavior has become the norm, revolving the plot around the immoral actions of its characters, and exploring the truthfulness of these characters.
As stated before, the film is set in the titular village of Rashomon. In the years leading up to the story the village has come upon a period a great misfortune, suffering countless natural disasters, war, famine, and disease. The village itself is in ruins and there are few people around. These circumstances have changed the people of the village, they’ve become hardened to the reality they must face.
The film also portrays our willingness to abandon our previous notion of morality through the actions of its characters. The most obvious example is that of the bandit Tajomaru. He’s notorious throughout the land for the deeds he’s done and is a character with no morals and little regard for his actions. Tajomaru seems to take joy in doing harm to others. In the story he murders a man (according to his account and the woodcutters) and rapes a woman. In his accounting of the story is almost seems proud of his actions, gloating about how he was able to capture and kill the man and have his way with the woman, he also lied to the court. Tajomaru seems to be the embodiment of immorality and the time period they are living in (Boyd).
A huge part of Japanese background is the history of the Samurai culture. One thing specifically that the culture had put an emphasis on was the honorable way to live life, even up to the inevitable death. There is a practice in Samurai culture called Seppuku which is when a samurai would voluntarily die with honor rather than fall to the hands of an enemy. It was common for a warrior to rather perform Seppuku, which was highly honorable in this era, than to be finished off by the person he was battling. Rashomon is set in the eleventh century of Japan, which Kurosawa uses to help showcase some extremities of human behavior. One of the extremities that the audience gets to witness is in one story when the Samurai falls to the Bandit, and instead of having a dishonorable death the Samurai decides to stand up and perform Seppuku in the background. This scene is one of the scenes that might just be confusing if the audience doesn’t know the history and background of the samurai culture before watching this movie.
Rashomon was made under the studio known as Daiei. At first the studio was very reluctant to fund the project because it seemed, “too unconventional” and they “feared that it would be too difficult for audiences to understand.” When Rashomon was entered into an international film festival entitled Venice Film Festive of 1951, it was met with a very positive reaction. Surprisingly Daiei, the studio, didn’t want to originally permit the film to be submitted for competition. Kurosawa’s visionary approach with this movie led to massive cinematic and cultural influence. One key point to the reign of Kurosawa’s impact is that he utilized the concept of a flashback before anyone else had done that in the film world. As much as this movie has affected the film world there is an even more unique connection of Rashomon and the current Japanese culture. Its name has become a sort of parlance to showcase the general conceptions of the reality of truth, subjectivity of memory, and the unreliability of our minds. When the Japanese reference this, it is most referred to in law and is called The Rashomon effect.
Often in film, the ideas and images presented are a direct representation of a director’s background and key ideals. Rashomon is a picture that was clearly affected and created by Akira Kurosawa. As the screenwriter and director, his influences are prevalent throughout the entirety of the film. From the formal film elements like framing and movement to the unique storytelling style, Rashomon showcases all the skills that make Kurosawa a great director and an influential auteur.
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Get custom essayRashomon is one of the only international films that have impacted the world in so many ways and is still discussed and taught to this day. This film alone was able to put Akira Kurosawa’s name in history as one of the most influential and revolutionary screenwriters and directors in international history. Rashomon will be one of the many films that will stand the test of time and be talked about in film and media history forever.
Terrorism undoubtedly is an emerging topic of this century and post- 9/11 the terrorism wave has increased several folds and since this topic has been used by many international filmmakers to create mainstream movies on.
Get original essayPhantom movie released in 2015, Phantom is a terrorism thriller, based on the backdrop of Mumbai attacks on Taj in Mumbai, India. The film is based on a real life incident which resulted n the killings of hundreds of Indians and caused even more injuries than the causalities. Mumbai attacks were not restricted just to the Taj building but also extended to other places such as embassies, stations, hotels and other spots nearby. The attacks were consistent and the attackers wanted to threat the government and aimed to kill as many people as possible. The people who were killed also included many tourists in the country. It was a nightmare for the Mumbai city and the angst that it created a sentiment of terror is still relevant in the minds and souls of the people affected by the attacks and the terror they created. Phantom is directed by the popular Bollywood director Kabir Khan, who has made films like ‘Ek the Tiger’, ‘New York’, ‘Kabul Express’ and ‘Bajrangi Bhaijaan’. The director has more often than not worked in such themes. His films revolve around the global themes of extremism, terrorism and violence.
The film stars Bollywood popular actors, Saif Ali Khan and Katrina Kaif in lead role. Both played Indian officers who plan to take revenge from the terrorists who were involved in the attacks. They make a team and travel all the countries in the world where they can beat and punish the terrorists and take revenge from them and win the battle against injustice. Saif and Katrina specially trained in learning the using of weapons and also learnt different languages like Arabic.
Characters are strong and in hard-hitting mode. There are terrorists, intelligent officers, Pakistani characters, Indian Characters, Arabic Characters and British Characters as well. The film is a globe-trotter. Different cultures have been shown in the film but Muslims have been portrayed in the most negative night especially Pakistanis.Except for the Afghan Jalebi song the soundtrack is quite mediocre, other songs like Saaware are soothing and light in tone. Something not many expect from a thriller genre film. However the background score is gripping of the film and provide the thrill to the film. In the second half music score plays a big part.
Body of lies is a film which like every other film has its share own of greatness and mediocrity. Some have more of the former while some have more of the latter. This particular film ‘Body of lies’ released in 2008 starring Leonardo Dicaprio, Russell Crowe, and Mark Strong as the three principals characters of the film, is based on the novel by the very acclaimed internationally and winner of several awards David Ignatius of the same name. Body of Lies is a critically acclaimed and commercially successful film, standing true to its genre theme of an adult thriller. The screenplay is done incredibly of the film. The locations, the movements, sets & camera shots are perfect for the tone and theme of the film which is set in Jordan and Iraq and has the theme of terrorism.
Agenda setting has been done in the film as it can be observed that the framing of the CIA members has been done in such a way that shows them as strong and good light. In a particular scene where the lead character Roger Ferris is seen feeling bad and scared at the same time while seeing local guy who did not obey the CIA team and is beaten to death in return, the scene transcended into a different mood so that the essence of the scene doesn’t get ruined. The arrangements made in another sequence are also praiseworthy as it makes the member of audience cry such as me where an explosive suicidal bomb attack is shown at a crowded area of people who had nothing to do with terrorism and the bad world of intelligence. Props are used perfectly in the movie. Especially in the scenes when diplomats or officials are shown eating or meeting secretly. The lighting used in the film thankfully doesn’t make the film look like a dark thriller. Once in a while has the subject of whether the end legitimizes the methods been conveyed to the fore in such a compelling and ruthless way.
Cultivation theory of media studies can be observed in the film. In the film as they have shown that even if CIA members kill the local people of Muslim countries it’s actually for the betterment of their own self. The killings and beatings if CIA has been justified in many scenes of the film are it in the scenes where Bassin dies after the attacks or scenes towards the climax. Such repeated scenes cultivate the ideas of CIA killings being justified in the name of world humanity which is so clever of the makers.
One thing which excels over everything in the film is its background music and sound. In a chase sequence in the initial part of the film the sound is & music is done terrifically. Music is handled brilliantly. It's about the elusive incline that exists when those with the best aims start to imitate the strategies of the foe keeping in mind the end goal to overcome them. Body of Lies shows this in ways that are neither evident nor anticipated. The most chilling thing about the film might be its verisimilitude. Where certain shots exists just in the domain of sci-fi, it's conceivable that things like those portrayed in Body of Lies are going on now in reality.
Cinematography is phenomenal. The camera shots, locations are shown greatly. The wide & aerial shots in the climax just really uplifted the sequence and made the area look more desolated. Overall this thriller’s backbone was the realness of the film be it the locations, languages, costumes and everything else. It’s a thriller with substance and soul. The spine thrilling scenes like the fire scenes are enough however the pace in the starting is a little slow but the film leaves you in-awe and moved with such sincere performances by the cast plus excellent background score and incredible cinematography. Foreign media has mostly portrayed Muslims in a negative light. Such Media artifacts create a negative impression on the overseas viewers such as viewers of UAE & US which are the biggest overseas Bollywood markets.
As horrifying and disappointing the portrayal is the impact of these films reach out to overseas audience who create a negative impression for Pakistan and its people. The negative social and economic impact has been extremely obvious apart from the discrimination that we Muslims face abroad. Things need to be change and it can, no matter how long or hard the process would be with the right use of Media and its artifacts. There aren’t two ways about how the negative portrayal of Pakistan has affected Pakistan economically, socially and for Pakistani’s it’s more than just being tagged as terrorists. The issue is that the entire population of a roughly estimated Twenty Two Crores is just type-casted into one bracket. According to Bollywood movies all women in Pakistan are covered in Burkhas and all men wear religious caps and have beards with terrorist involvements. There are simply no ‘impressive’ measures taken to bring Pakistan’s positive points in the forefront and this makes the problem even bigger. Today Media’s power cannot be underestimated and sadly Pakistan’s government is not applying the needed counter narrative through its media to present it to the international audience but create a positive impression of Pakistani and its people. In the second half of the film the Indian team move to Pakistan to avenge Hafiz Saeed who according to them was involved and was the brain child of the entire attack. In these films Pakistanis have been brutally misrepresented and stereotyped as terrorists, over religious and non-trustworthy people. 9/11 Terrorist attack was tragic for America but turned out to be even more horrible for Pakistan & Muslims in the long-run. Pakistanis has so much to offer be it sports, artists, doctors, engineers, comedians, educationists or ravishing scenic views and rich diverse cultures are just type casted into one bracket today by Bollywood and that is the extremist element. Some other shades of Pakistani’s in international media is that of ‘unfaithful’ ‘Conservatives’ and ‘terrorists’.
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Get custom essayOn a sensitive topic like Terrorism there should be more movies like Body of Lies which at least provide a true and realistic scenario of the world terrorism and intelligence involvements into it. Phantom is good in parts but is extremely derogatory for countries like Pakistan. The dialogues spew hatred and provocation for the extremist’s elements on the both sides of the border. Body of lies has been shot on a large scale and does not based on only one incident but goes beyond and discovers more throughout the film hence Body of Lies is easily the preferred choice over a provocative Phantom from Bollywood.
Cyber-Stalking is becoming a larger issue with the drive of social networking and “is a form of repeated harassment that involves the Internet and methods of electronic communication like email, online chat and instant message” (Cross, 2014, pg. 164). A cyberstalker targets a specific victim through the internet to allow them to anonymously send threatening messages without being detected. There are four types of cyber-stalking, these being “harassing, threatening, intimidating and impersonating profiles”. The four different types of Cyber-Stalking are stepping stones, the more invested the stalker is the harder they will try to infiltrate the victims life using any means necessary.
Get original essayThe first is Harassing, the notion of harassing is subjecting the victim to aggressive pressure and intimidation. This is a common technique that stalkers use in order to engage with the victim and to make them feel threatened, stalkers would do this by writing hostile messages on a public forum such as the victims Facebook page. “offline, harassers have to target one individual or a handful at a time; online, images, comments, and memes can be spread in next to no time across dozens of accounts and websites”. Since a stalker offline has one victim while an online stalker it allows them to further harass the victim to do what they want. This is a starting point for stalkers, this could be them writing rude comments to being a traumatic event where they are threats of physical and emotional violence. This would happen repeatedly until the victim feels that there is no other option but to comply to what the stalker wants; at this stage it would be for intimate pictures and the gratification of knowing that they are ruining someone emotionally. This first stage could also be considered Cyber-bullying, and it can get a lot worse through the other stages for the victim.
The second form of Cyber-Stalking is Threatening, threatening behaviour is construed as expressing a threat of something unfriendly or violent. Stalkers could have a personal relationship to their victims so therefore have an easy access to chat histories and intimate pictures that were sent in confidence. These are then used to threaten and harass victims to do what they want so the stalker can get gratification. “threatening communications and violent behaviour can utilize a fear-appeal strategy to shift a would-be attacker’s attitudes” (Chauvin, 2011, pg. 54). If the stalker is able to illicit fear from their victim their attitude may shift to get further information and therefore gain more fear from their victim. One of the main issues of Cyber-Stalking and the ideal of threatening is the ease of being able to screenshot conversations, this means stalkers can hold personal pictures and private messages against the victims, some social networking websites are trying to combat this. The large social networking app, Snapchat is the front runner for combating unwanted screenshots, within Snapchat you can screenshot stories that others have put up and it would not notify the user as they choose to put the picture on their own story as public. However, if it is an individual conversation it will notify the user.
The third form of Cyber-Stalking is Intimidating. The stalker would intimidate the victim through making them feel frightened or afraid of what the stalker may do. “The cyber stalker truly believes that a relationship exists even through the victim may have innocently responded to an offender’s question in a chat room or discussion board” (Pittaro, 2017, pg. 187). Through the stalker believing in the relationship the escalation of the stalker would be to further intimidate the victim. The stalker would intimidate them to send more intimate pictures or important personal information such as bank details both of these would humiliate the victim. Some stalkers feel a personal connection to their victims and therefore would tend to escalate their intimidation tactics when confronting their victims online.
The fourth and final type is Impersonating Profiles. This could be considered the most dangerous type of Cyber-Stalking due to the notion that stalkers can create “fake profiles, where malicious users present themselves in profiles impersonating fictitious or real persons”. If the stalker is creating a fake profile of the person that they are targeting it means that they could gain extra traction on blackmailing the victim as the stalker could befriend the victims’ family and friends online to learn more about them as the family and friends would know more intimate details and would not think twice about sharing the information with the victim. However, the more malicious way that the stalker can target the victim is by pretending to be someone else online and befriend the victim. Since the stalker has some previous knowledge of the victim, they are able to forge a personal connection to them via the persona of someone else. In more recent years this has been called Catfishing, “individuals deceive others and play on their vulnerability”. Some people Catfish to make themselves look more attractive to others by pretending to be someone that they are not whether that be looks or at an intellectual levels but other such as stalkers would do it to further their intimidation and strong hold against the victim to make them suffer.
Cyber-Stalking is a growing phenomenon, with the increasing emergence of social networking and more users becoming less interested with privacy it allows for stalkers to have a greater access to the individual they are targeting. Due to Cyber-Stalking being online there is a notion of not being able to fully pinpoint where the stalker is due to the changing of IP addresses and the fact that it is likely that they are using a laptop which means that they can move around freely using free Wi-Fi and hotspots. If not combatted Cyber-Stalking could lead to more and more users of social networking being exploited for wanting to share their lives online.
It is the year 2024. American society is at the brink of an environmental and economic apocalypse. A young girl in Robledo, California knows she can no longer accept the dormancy and perpetual degradation of the status quo and must find a way to inspire change for the chance of survival.
Get original essayIn Parable of the Sower, Octavia Butler follows a 15-year-old African American girl, Lauren Olamina, as she struggles to navigate a world broken by class differences, greed, and capitalism. In her novel, Butler uses elements of race relations in the United States in a historical and modern-day context to suggest that empathy-driven change is fundamental in the prevention of social and political degradation. Butler was a firm believer that history was not always linear, but sometimes cyclical in motion. She also believed that the idea of progress, when relating to social change, was not permanent and could very well be reversible. These concepts are partly what inspired the Parable trilogy, along with her own experiences and vision of where the world could be headed. “This was not a book about prophecy; this was an ‘if-this-goes- on story,’” she said in a speech at MIT in 1998. “This was a cautionary tale, although people have told me it was prophecy.
All I have to say to that is ‘I certainly hope not’”. Her foreshadowing of global affairs, both realistic and wildly accurate, constructs a near-future dystopic society that must grapple with issues like climate change, mass incarceration, gun violence, homelessness, drug epidemics, and a broken economy driven by capitalism and wealthy institutions. In an essay commemorating the book’s 25th anniversary, Gloria Steinem said, “If there is one thing scarier than a dystopian novel about the future, it’s one written in the past that has already begun to come true”.
Beyond the novel’s most obvious external conflicts, and with subtle nuance, lies a profound element of social inequality, sometimes paralleling the times of antebellum slavery and the American civil rights movement. In Parable of the Sower, the middle-class are segregated from the poor in their walled-off communities, while the rich are situated up in the hills, guarded by even bigger walls, privatized security, and government policy. “Up toward the hills there were walled estates - one big house and a lot of shacky little dependencies where the servants lived”.
Later in the novel, Lauren notes that “Some upper-class men prove they’re men by having one wife and a lot of beautiful, disposable young servant girls. Nasty”. These images remain in direct reflection of plantation life in the American South where a dependence on slave labor and the perpetual abuses of slave women’s bodies were among the routine. Was Butler suggesting that the rich and powerful were the sources for class discrimination and exploitation? Or was she attempting to present a more nuanced and abstract explanation for social degradation? These questions require further review.
In Butler’s idea of cyclical history, or as Ralph Ellison refers to as a “boomerang” in his 1952 novel Invisible Man, she conceptualizes the resurfacing of violence and discrimination toward peoples, specifically relating to elements of slavery and the exploitation of labor to support capitalist agendas. In the Parable of the Sower, Butler was less concerned with portraying modern slavery as an issue of race, but more as a function of class.
In the book, Lauren often evaluates the ways in which she can escape her dormant community and pave her own future, rather than the one her family seeks to maintain in Robledo. Lauren looks toward a new opportunity developing in the town of Olivar, a previously wealthy coastal town that had been privatized by a company called KSF who intended on exploiting Olivar’s farming and natural resources. In doing so, they began trading lower-waged work for the promise of security, food, jobs, and a protection against rising coastal waters.
In her examination of Olivar, Lauren determines, “That’s an old company-town trick – get people into debt, hang on to them, and work them harder. Debt slavery”. With Olivar out of the picture, Lauren knew she needed change, but it would not come in the form of ‘debt slavery.’ While Lauren was motivated by change, she struggled to find people in her community, including her father, who were interested in the same things.
Her father, the local Baptist minister, was persistent on staying in the safety of Robledo as he frequently challenged Lauren’s ideas of leaving town for any new opportunities. He refused to see Olivar as anything but voluntary slavery and regarded any possibility of finding a better home outside of Robledo as an act of suicide. Even one of Lauren’s closest friends, Joanne, thought she was crazy for considering a future outside their walls after attempting to persuade her on the importance of change. “People have changed the climate of the world.
Now they're waiting for the old days to come back'. “Waiting for the old days to come back,” as Lauren puts it, reflects her understanding of the popular sentiments of her community and the rest of society in that they were very much afraid of change. Waiting for “the explosion, the big crash, the sudden chaos that would destroy the neighborhood”, or destroy the world, Butler might add. Following many failed attempts to convince her loved ones of the imminent destruction of their community, Lauren starts the creation of a new faith, Earthseed, which would ultimately guide her in leading its believers toward a new destiny. Inspired by change, Earthseed becomes Lauren’s understanding of truth and the eventual resolution to the cataclysm of her world. “All that you touch You Change. All that you Change Changes you.
The only lasting truth Is Change. God Is Change”. “The only lasting truth is Change,” becomes the dominant theme throughout Lauren’s new faith. It’s the reason why she believes that resisting change, staying in Robledo for example, would only end in tragedy. Upon her anticipations, Lauren’s town is eventually burned and ravaged, and she is forced on a journey north with the only two remaining people from her town, Zahra and Harry.
Fleeing Robledo and their refusal to join a privatized slave town like Olivar, Lauren and her group resemble fugitive slaves in the 19th century and their northern escape to freedom. This is especially true when you consider the racial and gendered dynamics of the group as well as Zahra’s recent liberation from a husband who bought her with money and treated her no less than a slave. The fact that two black women traveling with a white guy proved to be a dangerous move indicates the degradation of the social climate of Butler’s prophetic future.
Realizing the dangers of their multi-racial and co-gendered situation, Lauren decides to travel as a black male to increase their chances of survival. “We [Zahra and Lauren] can be a black couple and their white friend. If Harry can get a reasonable tan, maybe we can claim him as a cousin”. Lauren’s decision to change her gender not only illuminates the lack of privileges associated with being a [black] woman, but also reflects the vision of Earthseed in that “All that you Change, Changes you.”
One of the greatest challenges Lauren faces throughout the novel, and one that must not be ignored when examining Butler’s thematic objective, is that her character suffers from hyperempathy causing her to feel the pain and the pleasures of the people around her. While this condition is Lauren’s greatest vulnerability and what doctors call an 'organic delusional syndrome', it ultimately becomes a powerful tool in her understanding of how the world could be a better place. “If everyone could feel everyone else's pain, who would torture? Who would cause anyone unnecessary pain?” I've never thought of my problem as something that might do some good before, but the way things are, I think it would help”. This moment is foundational in Lauren’s character development as she begins to see the value of empathy in her world. “I wish I could give it to people.
Failing that, I wish I could find other people who have it, and live among them”. Lauren’s wish ultimately becomes reality when she encounters a family of ‘sharers’ who escaped the bondage of debt slavery, accepting them as valuable contributions to her future Earthseed community. The world in Parable of the Sower mirrors an ‘every man for himself’ kind of place.
Most people refuse to trust any stranger out of fear, but Lauren leads her group in helping others who might be valued assets to Earthseed. Along her journey, she collects a diverse group of people who are all very much surprised by her generosity, a byproduct of her hyperempathy. Many of the travelers that join her pack are either prior slaves or were victims of institutional debt slavery, magnifying the extent to which Lauren’s world had declined. “So we become the crew of a modern underground railroad”, Lauren tells Bankole, a romantic partner she picks up along the way.
Bankole was immediately attracted to Lauren’s group after their first encounter since, as a Doctor, he naturally shared their tendency to care for the wellbeing of others; yet another person who valued empathy and compassion toward others. “I was surprised to see that anyone else cared what happened to a couple of strangers”. Bankole plays a vital role in Lauren’s quest to spread Earthseed after she learns that he owns a large plot of land in northern California. “You could help me, build the first Earthseed community”. Bankole’s land ultimately becomes their new Earthseed home and they called it Acorn.
In Parable of the Sower, Octavia Butler creates a world that has far deteriorated from the one we live in today. Her dystopic future, both practical and imaginable, is polluted with human problems that provoke social injustices and political decline. Butler’s use of race relations mirroring the African American experience in a historical context suggests her sentiments toward “boomerang” slavery and a justification for social progress.
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Get custom essayLauren’s Earthseed and Hyperempathy syndrome lay the groundwork for inspiring change, which ultimately serves in keeping her alive and providing a place for her followers to seek refuge. In an exhibit at the Huntington Library in Pasadena, California, many of Butler’s manuscripts, letters, and affirmations are featured on display. One of them in particular, a handwritten note on the back of a notecard, reads: “Tell stories filled with facts. Make people touch and taste and KNOW. Make people FEEL FEEL FEEL!” Did Butler write this note to inspire the work of Parable of the Sower? That answer may never be reveled, but surely her vision reflects the creation and development of Lauren Oya Olamina.
By simply glancing at the current influence of technology in children, we can make rational predictions of what the future has in store. Which, in my opinion, isn’t very bright for these younger generations. Richardson explains in her article how technology has altered the way in which children play and interact. Many negative consequences can result from spending too much time on the internet or gaming systems as well. Children are becoming less active due to these technologies, and this is only expected to become worsened in the future (Richardson, 2014).
Get original essayThis conclusion is drawn from the statistical data available regarding past generations that spent more time outside than inside. Patterns can be drawn from data that represents the history of a particular subject, by seeing information from the past on these inferences, we can predict, with a higher degree of accuracy the future of technologies impact on children. However, with moderation, internet use can be highly beneficial to children. But it is when that limit is exceeded, where we find negative consequences (Richardson, 2014).
Compared to previous generations, technologies engulf society. This is consistent for all age groups and countries throughout the world. These vast improvements and findings have enable many wonderful creations for children especially. Games are created that allow one to experience 3-D and virtual reality. Men, over girls generally associate with these types of activities, however, not in all cases. Girl gamers have increased significantly in number throughout modern times. Addiction to gaming is an actual result of modern day technology. Many children enjoy leaving their realities and hoping online to completely escape. Playing video games is not harmful, rather the basis of these games is what creates the problems. Many games, such as the infamous Call of Duty and Modern Warfare are highly violent and can leave lasting impressions on the young mind of children. There are several studies that have been conducted on aggression and video games. It has been proven that in some cases these games positively correlate to the increase in aggressiveness in young children and teens (Grayson,2015).
Not only do aggressive behaviors form in adolescents who spend too much time in violent fantasy games, but health issues can surface alike. According to Grayson: “Optometrist Gary Heiting warns parents that prolonged gaming play in front of a monitor can also lead to computer vision syndrome, a condition that may cause progressive nearsightedness. Sitting in front of a computer for prolonged periods may create ergonomic problems from poor body positioning, or from the position of the computer and screen. Children also risk developing carpal tunnel syndrome in wrists from repetitive play” (Grayson,2015). This quote shows us how the eyes can be harmed from too much screen exposure; however, this is not the only body part that is harmed from this use.
Obesity is a major problem of modern times. And much of the blame is centered on the lack of physical activity in both children and adults (Life, 2012). However, generations before, as explained by Richardson, use to spend a lot more time outdoors moving around and such. These days, most children prefer to busy themselves with technologies. Whether it be the internet, gaming, or watching movies, children spend more time doing this than ever before. This negatively effects the health of children, because their bodies are not properly burning off calories or becoming strengthened. This is especially dangerous for children who consume unhealthy foods and do not properly exercise. Obesity is the condition of being overweight and can be determined by the national body mass index (BMI) scale (Life,2012).
A study was publicized in the pages of the Journal of Internet Medical Research that posited the several risks involved with internet use. Australian samples of adults were asked about how much time they spend sitting per day, along with their amounts of physical activity. Through these surveys, it was discovered that those spending large amounts of time sitting in front of a computer were nearly 1.5 times more susceptible to being overweight. And some 2.5 times more likely to be obese (Life,2012).
These instances were compared to others who were not engaged in copious amounts of time spent online. An interesting conclusion that was formed during this experiment proved that even those who are heavy users of the internet, and work out vigorously, were still 1.86 times more susceptible to being overweight and obese (Life,2012). Although these were the results of adults, we can clearly see a resemblance when examining children and teenagers alike.
In an investigation that examined both male and female first year students attending the University of Hong Kong, it was discovered that substantial Internet usage led to improper health and hygiene alike. Refusal to eat healthy, work out, or have sufficient cleanliness followed those with increased internet usage. Although, those who utilized the world wide web the most frequently, were highly susceptible to health issues, they were the least likely to seek medical attention. This study also showed how these users were less social, had few friends, and little background in dating (Life,2012).
To further understand these issues, a following study was concluded in a different geographical location, the country of Qatar. Children were asked detailed questions about their internet usage, from which researchers drew conclusions. This study revealed that nearly 2% of the sample spent three hours or more daily in front of a computer. The three hours or more directly correlated to obesity and being overweight in general (Life,2012).
In this country, teens aged 15-18 comprised of the highest degree of these instances. This article explained the dire need for education on such issues. This is due to the fact that these children and young adults will more than likely continue these unhealthy patters throughout adulthood. Although, the negative effects are not always physically felt during our youth, they will eventually surface within given time. Being overweight or obese can cause several other concurrent health issues as well (Life,2012).
The NIH included several health issues that can conclude from being overweight. These included: high blood pressure, type-2 diabetes, various forms of cancer, heart disease, strokes, fatty liver disease, sleep apnea, and kidney disease. Each of these corresponding health risks can be difficult to treat and the damage is hard to reverse in times (NIH,2017). The future does not look very hopeful for children stuck in the cycle of high internet use. And since technologies will only increase within the future, it is easily concluded that these situations will only get worse and worse. Many implementations and restrictions are needed to end this downward spiral. The internet is a wonderful creation, but too much of it is harmful to many aspects of life. Whether the harm is manifested in the persons physical health or mental health, each are very detrimental to the lives of young people.
Thus far, we have examined the negative effects high internet usage has on children regarding violence and physical health. However, there are many more inferences to be included in this analyzation as well. Social skills are also hindered through too much time spent online. According to Grayson: “ Too much time in front of the computer playing games reduces the time kids spend engaging in outside activities, participating in hobbies, playing with friends and using their imaginations. Computer games, even interactive gaming, fail to give children the experience of social interaction with others. Gaming fills a need for activity, but play that involves personal interaction with other children and adults helps children develop physically and mentally, and also allows kids to evolve and use appropriate social skills in different real-life situations” (Grayson,2015). As we can conclude from the corresponding quote above, social skills are severely limited when a child is consistently playing games of surfing the web. I feel that the blame, in situations such as these, is directly in the hands of the parents. Learning and growing are major goals in early childhood, however, cannot be fully fulfilled when so much time is spent in digital realms rather than reality.
The widespread growth of these technologies is nothing less than astonishing. It is no surprise that children want to be engulfed with this fascinating luxury, however, limitations must occur to enhance safety. Although, I analyzed several negative connotations of internet use, there are also many positive aspects that conclude as well. Given the right gaming structures, children can significantly increase their knowledge and development alike. Since computers are not going anywhere, children must be well-acquainted with its features. This will help when the child begins computer classes in school, because they will be familiar with usability. The idea that school may become completely computerized in the near future was a reoccurring theme presented in some of these articles. This already takes place for many home-schooled children. The future is not able to be predicted, however, there is a high probability that home schooling will overtake traditional schools (Richardson, 2014).
History helps us mark progress in present times. We can easily look upon the history of computers and the internet throughout the years. These inferences also help us conclude what the future has instore. With the current patterns of internet usage, we can see a negative forecast for the future generations. In a sense, it is almost frightening to think of how much more the internet and technologies will enhance in the distant future. Whether we like to think of such situations, or not, they are inevitable. Which means that we either must adapt to such abrupt changes, or continue the allowance of negative consequences.
The internet use and technology use on their own are not bad, however, the improper usage of them are. In this essay, I examined several negative consequences of such, however, failed to discuss issues of monitoring on children. Which is a severe issue that is seen in today’s times. Children have complete access to search and discover many adult themed contents. This leads to many issues as well. Being exposed to such accessibility, children will more than likely override this privilege. Whether children listen to provocative music, stumble upon porn, or read articles that just aren’t meant for their age group, children will mature too quickly. We see these ideas flooding modern times at a fast pace.
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Get custom essayChildren want to grow up fast and do not realize the consequences of such. Young girls are using make-up at young ages, and also becoming promiscuous. I feel that the internet can be somewhat to blame for these occurrences. If restrictions and moderation are not enforced by parents, these patters will never change. The present scheme of internet use is flawed in many households. Without the proper alterations, these instances will become more of a problem in the future.